Extraction and Characterization of 2-Isopropenyl-1-methoxy-7, 7-dimethyl-4, 9-imidazo-5-hydroxy pyrimidine called Alchorneinol from root bark of Alchornea hirtella used for the treatment toothache, and diarrhoea is Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lahai Koroma ◽  
L. M. Kamara ◽  
Ronnie Freezer-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Fragmentation Patterns

A new compound LK001 identified as 2-Isopropenyl-1-methoxyl-7, 7-dimethyl-4, 9-imidazo-5-hydroxy pyrimidine and named Alchorneinol has been extracted from the root bark of Alchornea hirtella plant. It was isolated using solvent-solvent extraction method from the powdered root bark of A. hirtella. The white powdered compound was slightly soluble in water, ethanol chloroform and tested positive for unsaturation. The compound LK001 contained Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen during elemental analyses. It also tested positive for the presence Hydroxide group thus making it slightly different from the already reported drug Alchorneine. The fragmentation patterns proposed from the Mass spectrum for Sample LK001 and by McLafferty rule support a new compound named Alchorneinol in the root bark extract. Itis therefore one of the active compounds responsible for the treatment of pain, particularly tooth ache, as purgative, stomach-ache and to treat tiredness after intoxication in Sierra Leone.

Preparation and Structural Characterization of a Needlelike Carbon from the Refined Coal Tar Pitch

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 282-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Fei Zhao ◽  
Shi Quan Lai ◽  
Ya Ru Zhang ◽  
Shu Lin Liu ◽  
Li Juan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Coal Tar Pitch ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Graphite Structure ◽  
Diffraction Peaks

A refined coal tar pitch with softening point of 33oC was obtained by a mixed solvent extraction method. The pitch was carbonized at 500oC to get micrometer carbon material with needlelike structure. The carbonized produce was further calcined at 1500oC for 30h. The resultant product was characterized by SEM, OM, EDS and XRD. Experimental results indicated that a mixed solvent extraction method could effectively get rid of primary quinoline insoluble (QI). SEM and OM examinations showed that there were more than 70% fibrous structures and a small amount mosaic structures. The size of the fibrous structure was greater than 150μm in length and less than 30μm in width. The result of EDS exhibited that the material mainly consisted of carbon. XRD analysis revealed that there was a sharp diffraction peaks at 26.5oC, which was corresponded to the (002) plane of graphite structure.

scholarly journals Gas Chromatography of Urinary Anthranilic Acid and 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid by Solvent Extraction Method

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1412-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYUKI HIRANO ◽  
KAZUMI MORI ◽  
NOBUKO TSUBOI ◽  
SATOSHI KAWAI ◽  
TAKEO OHNO
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Anthranilic Acid ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Hydroxyanthranilic Acid

Extraction of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline (2AP) in Pandan Leaves (Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb.) Via Solvent Extraction Method: Effect of Solvent

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
Noor Yahida Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Method Effect ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Pandanus Amaryllifolius

Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) leaves are widely used in Malaysia as a source of natural flavoring.  The major compound contributing to the characteristic flavour of Pandan is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP). As the consumer requirement for use of natural flavours, extraction of components from natural sources has been sought. In this study, solvent extraction of 2AP from Pandan leaves was performed. The effect of solvent used during extraction process (i.e. methanol, ethanol, propanol) towards the yield of 2AP was investigated. The presence of 2AP was determined using GCMS. The results obtained showed that ethanol was the best solvent to extract 2AP from Pandan leaves compared to methanol as higher 2AP peak arises from ethanol chromatogram.  However there is no 2AP detected when propanol was used as solvent.  It is believed that polarity of the solvent plays an important role in the extraction of 2AP.

Treatment of Textile Wastewater using Biodegradable Flocculants of Chitosan and Extracted Pandan Leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
Nor Aida Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Flocculation Process

The study investigated the performance of chitosan and extracted pandan leaves towards treatment of textile wastewater by using flocculation process. Pandan leaves were extracted by using solvent extraction method. Flocculation process was conducted using a Jar test experiment. The effect of dosage, pH, and settling time on reduction of COD, turbidity and color of textile wastewater was studied. The results obtained found that chitosan was very effective for reduction of COD, turbidity, color and indicator for color. The best condition for COD and turbidity removal was achieved at 0.2 g dosage, pH 4 and 60 minutes of settling time. Under this condition, about 58 and 99% of COD and turbidity was removed, respectively. However, the results obtained using extracted pandan was opposite compared to the chitosan. Extracted pandan was not able to remove both COD and turbidity of the waste. 

scholarly journals Extraction and Formulation of Perfume from Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1461-1463
Author(s):  
O.E. Ameh ◽  
J.I. Achika ◽  
N.M. Bello ◽  
A.J. Owolaja
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method

This work aimed to extract perfume from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus using three extraction methods viz: distillation, solvent extraction and expression or effleurage. About 150 g of dried lemons grass were extracted using ethanol as the solvent to obtain essential oils required for the formulation of perfumes. The result of the hydrodistillation process showed that 1.23 g of essential oil per 130g of dry lemongrass produce 0.95% oil at 78 °C, while the effleurage method was 2.55 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample thereby producing 1.96% oil yield. The solvent extraction method gave 2.7 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample. This gives about 2.08 % yield of essential oil at a temperature of 78°C i.e. the boiling point of ethanol. The solvent extraction method yielded 2.08%, the effleuragemethod yielded 1.96% and the hydrodistillation method yielded 0.95% essential oil respectively. In conclusion, solvent extraction gave the highest yield because of less exposure to air and heat, which is highly recommended as the most suitable method for the extraction of essential oil.

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