scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Rhizospheric Microflora of Sunflower Cultivars Helianthus annuus (Asteráceae, Magnoliópsida) Grown on Soils with Anthropogenic Polyelemental Anomalies

2021 ◽  
pp. 442-458
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Muratova ◽  
N. A. Zelenova ◽  
I. Yu. Sungurtseva ◽  
S. V. Gorelova ◽  
A. P. Kolbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Rhizospheric Microorganisms ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Stimulation Of

In a laboratory pot experiment, two mutant cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus cv. r2p2 and Helianthus annuus cv. r5n1) were grown on soils with anthropogenic polyelemental anomalies and on a background control soil, and a comparative analysis of their rhizospheric microflora was carried out. The numbers of soil bacteria, actinomycetes and micromycetes, as well as the numbers of rhizospheric microorganisms resistant to Zn2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ ions were estimated in the rhizosphere of sunflower cultivars. Quantitative changes in the sunflower rhizospheric microboceno-ses, formed under the influence of both the plant genotype and technogenic soil pollution, were revealed. A pronounced stimulation of the rhizospheric microorganisms of all groups studied was found when plants were cultivated on the technogenically contaminated soil from PJSC Kosogorsk Metallurgical Plant. In this case, cultivar differences were observed, namely: the maximal number of bacteria and actinomycetes was revealed in the rhizosphere of H. annuus cv. r2p2, whilst the maximal number of micromycetes was revealed in the rhizosphere of H. annuus cv. r5n1. An increased number of microorganisms resistant to lead ions was revealed in the rhizosphere of H. annuus cv. r2p2. The observed changes in the structure of rhizospheric microbial communities of the sunflower cultivars manifested in the stimulation of the growth and activity of soil microflora can be in demand for phytoremediation of technogenically contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Characterization of rhizospheric and non rhizospheric bacteria from arsenic contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Umma Mayda ◽  
Nazifa Tasnim ◽  
Rasheda Yasmin Shilpi
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Pteris Vittata ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Rhizospheric Bacteria ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The rhizosphere soil has a large and various number of microorganisms especially the bacteria. This experiment was conducted at the department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, to investigate the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric bacteria from arsenic contaminated soil. Pteris vittata was treated with different concentrations of arsenic ranges from 5000 to 10000 ppm in the pot. The experimental result indicated that the negative correlation between arsenic concentration and rhizospheric soil bacteria. Highest number of bacteria (8.6×108 cfu/g) were found in rhizospheric soil (control), while lowest numbers of bacteria (4.0×107 cfu/g) were found in the non-rhizospheric soil with 10000 ppm arsenic. Thirty bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil samples. Out of thirty samples Bacillus and Pseudomonas were selected on the basis of morphological and biochemical nature. The present study concluded that the arsenic has an adverse effect on the growth of rhizospheric soil bacteria. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(1): 9-15, 2019 (June)

scholarly journals   Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the production of English ryegrass

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 477-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Stamenov ◽  
M. Jarak ◽  
S. Đurić ◽  
D. Milošev ◽  
T. Hajnal-Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Rhizospheric Microorganisms ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The effect of inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis on the yield of fresh and dry mass of English ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) as well as on the number of rhizospheric microorganisms was studied. The microorganisms were introduced into the soil before sowing. The control plots were not inoculated. The number of microorganisms was determined after the third mowing. The yield was determined after the first, second and third mowing. In comparison with the control, after the first and second mowing, there was a statistically significant increase in the fresh and dry mass in both inoculated variants whereas after the third mowing, a statistically significant increase in the yield of fresh mass was recorded only in the variant with B. subtilis. The use of B. subtilis had a better effect on the total yield of the fresh and dry mass of English ryegrass. The number of the investigated groups of microorganisms, apart from actinomycetes, increased in the inoculated variants. Inoculation of P. fluorescens affected the increase of total number of bacteria and aminoheterotrophs whereas inoculation of B. subtilis affected the increase of the number of azotobacter and fungi.    

scholarly journals Number of Microorganisms in the Soil Cultivated with Legume-Grass Mixtures Supplied with Phytohormones and Nitrogen

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-504
Author(s):  
Jacek SOSNOWSKI ◽  
Kazimierz JANKOWSKI ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN ◽  
Beata WIŚNIEWSKA-KADŻAJAN ◽  
Elżbieta MALINOWSKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Intensive Development ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Different Doses

The study concerned the number of microorganisms colonizing the humus layer and under plough soil from the cultivation of perennial ryegrass mixtures with red clover, which were fed by biostimulant based on the phytohormones  and different doses of nitrogen. Nitrogen was applied at four levels-control (no nitrogen), 50, 100 and 150 kg N∙ha-1, biostimulant in two combinations - with and without preparation. Soil material to assess the size of individual groups of microorganisms was collected from each experimental plot in autumn 2010 from the humus (0-20 cm) and under plough layers (20-40 cm). The analysis of soil samples for a total number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi was conducted at the Department of Agricultural Microbiology IUNG-PIB in Pulawy. Results of studies have shown that more colonies of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were colonized the humus horizon. Biostimulant application in this cultivation led to a decrease of the total number of colonies of the all soil microorganisms groups but improved the ratio of bacteria to fungi. Increasing doses of mineral nitrogen by the limiting of the bacteria number and intensive development of soil fungi, helped to narrow the B/F ratio.

scholarly journals Microbiology Factor Measurement as Indoor Air Quality Parameter in Public Space

BIOEDUKASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Oktofa Setia Pamungkas ◽  
Henny Ayu Nirwala ◽  
Dina Mala Pardede
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
The Public ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Factor Measurement ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Indoor Spaces ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Nearly 90% of people spend their time in both private and public indoor spaces. Bank is one of the public indoor spaces accessible to the community, as well as a place for some workers spending time every day. This study was conducted in 6 banking sectors in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, focusing on the existence of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi/mold. The purpose was to investigate the number of microorganisms, both bacteria and fungi, contained in indoor areas of several bank offices in Samarinda. The results showed that the number of bacteria and fungi at several sampling points in 6 offices were above the standard of Permenaker RI No. 5 the year of 2018 and Permenkes RI No. 48 the year of 2016, i.e.,>700 cfu/m3 for bacteria and >1000 cfu/m3 for fungi.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Spent Oil and Palm Kernel Sludge Contaminated Soil Using Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) L

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-885
Author(s):  
A.J. Odebode ◽  
K.L. Njoku ◽  
A.A. Adesuyi ◽  
M.O. Akinola
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
And Control

This study was carried out to investigate the phytotoxicity of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge on seed germination, seedling early growth and survival of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) and its phytoremediating potential. 8.0 kg topsoil mixed with 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% (w/v) of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge, while the control was not mixed with spent oil and sludge (0%). The seeds were sown on these soils and monitored daily. Parameters taken were; plant height, leaf number and stem girth. The result showed that spent engine oil treated plants adversely affected growth compared to palm kernel sludge plants and control which performed better. For plant height, the mean stem girth for control at 2nd week was 0.40±0.05 mm, spent engine oil was 5.96±0.97 palm kernel oil effluent was 14.73±1.16 and at 12th week, control was 1.30±0.05 while for SEO the plant had withered and 124.6±9.02 for POE. Number of leaves at the 12th week was 26.00±2.08 in the control, 8.66±0.66, for spent engine oil at 4%, while for palm oil effluent it was 27.66±0.66, at 4%, concentration respectively. Stem girth at 2 weeks for spent engine oil was 0.19±0.05 at 2%, 0.43±0.03 for palm kernel oil effluent and at the 12th week of planting at 10% concentration was 1.63±0.08 for palm kernel oil effluent, and all plants had withered off for spent engine oil at same concentration at the 12th week. Also, spent engine oil at all concentrations delayed the germination of Helianthus annuus by 2days compared to control. Comparison analysis test showed that growth in untreated plants were significantly higher (p>0.05) than spent oil and palm kernel sludge treated plants. Similar result was observed for leaf number and stem girth which had higher mean value in palm kernel sludge and control compared to spent oil. Sunflower grown in 8% and 10% palm kernel sludge contaminated soil also flowered eight days earlier than control plants, while spent oil treated plant did not. The result shows that sunflower cannot tolerate high (4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) concentrations of spent engine oil in soil compared to palm oil effluent. Therefore, spent engine oil should be properly disposed because of its adverse effect on the growth and yield of sunflower.

Ischemia of Rat Brain Decreases Pertussis Toxin-Catalyzed [32P]ADP Ribosylation of GTP-Binding Proteins (Gi1 and G0) in Membranes

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunobu Takenaka ◽  
Yasunori Kanaho ◽  
Koh-Ichi Nagata ◽  
Noboru Sakai ◽  
Hiromu Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
G Proteins ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Guanine Nucleotides ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Adp Ribosylation ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Control Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

As an approach to understanding the molecular basis of the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia, we examined qualitative and quantitative changes in pertussis toxin substrates, Gi1 and G0, in the membrane of rat cerebral cortex after decapitation. Within 1 min after decapitation, the extent of pertussis toxin-catalyzed [32P]ADP ribosylation of the G proteins in the cerebral cortex membrane was significantly decreased and the magnitude of the decrease became slightly larger upon further incubation of the decapitated brain. Addition of guanine nucleotides, GTP and GDP, or the purified βγ subunits of transducin to the membranes of control and ischemic cerebral cortex stimulated [32P]ADP ribosylation of the G proteins. The stimulation of [32P]ADP ribosylation in the control situation by guanine nucleotides was almost to the same extent as that in ischemia. However, the stimulation by transducin βγ subunits was different; the control stimulation was greater than that in ischemia. In immunoblots probed with antibodies against Gi1α G0α and Tβ, the immunoreactivity of the corresponding proteins in ischemia was similar to that in control, suggesting that the amounts of G proteins were not changed in ischemia. These results suggest that ischemia accelerates the dissociation of α–GDP–βγ to α–GDP and free βγ and causes the denaturation of the dissociated α–GDP, thereby decreasing [32P]ADP ribosylation.

scholarly journals The effect of cytokinins and other plant hormones on the growth of cotyledonary axilars of flax (Linum usitatissimum), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and pea (Pisum sativum)

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Klíčová ◽  
J. Šebánek ◽  
T. Vlašic
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Significant Stimulation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intensive Growth ◽  
Stimulation Of

Flax seedlings were decapitated above the cotyledons. After one cotyledon was removed the growth of the bud of the remaining cotyledon was stronger in 90% of the plants. However, the application of the cytokinin benzyladenine (BA) to the bud of the removed cotyledon caused a growth correlative reversal and, by contrast, in 65% of the plants the bud of the removed cotyledon grew out. On the other hand, in sunflower seedlings, which have epigeal cotyledons similar to flax, after the removal of one cotyledon the growth of the axillary of the removed cotyledon was more intensive in 59% of the plants. Not even an application of BA to the remaining cotyledon of sunflower resulted in more intensive growth of the axillary of this cotyledon. When both cotyledons were left on the seedling, BA applied to one of the cotyledons of decapitated flax plants resulted in a highly significant stimulation of growth of the axillary of this cotyledon; in sunflower; however, the effect of the BA was insignificant. After decapitation of the stem of pea seedlings where both cotyledons remained, both axillaries grew out, but after a certain period of time one of them (the dominant one) achieved a growth correlative dominance over the other (inhibited). The present study is focused on whether an application of plant hormones onto the inhibited shoot is able to cause a growth correlative reversal, i.e. to change the inhibited shoot into a dominant one. The application of 0.12% BA can cause such a reversal virtually in all plants if the original difference in the length between the inhibited and dominating axillaries is 12–24 mm. A 0.12–0.5% concentration of gibberellin causes a reversal in 13–75% of the plants, but only if the difference between the dominant and inhibited shoot is 1–12 mm. A 0.03–0.25% concentration of IAA causes a reversal in 34–57% of the plants, if the difference in the length of the axillaries is 1–4 mm.

Influence of Metal-Resistant Rhizobacteria on the Growth of Helianthus annuus L. in Cr(VI)-Contaminated Soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 227 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahadur ◽  
Aftab Afzal ◽  
Rizwan Ahmad ◽  
Fahad Nasir ◽  
Aman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document