scholarly journals Strength Parameters of Paver Blocks By Incorporating Used Foundry Sand

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4705-4711
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Value Added Products

All over the world the handling and disposal of waste products from the manufacturing industry are of big concern these days. In this context, the volume of used foundry sand is such that the disposal creates a big environmental problem for all the countries where the foundry industries are in abundance. New methodologies should be employed to utilize the used foundry sand in making value-added products in a commercial manner to keep the environment free from the potential adverse effects of the accumulation of this waste product. This research is an attempt to put forward the idea of utilizing the used foundry sand in commercial production of value-added products like paver blocks from a techno-economical point of view. This will be beneficial to the ecological and environmental systems for sustainable development progressing towards a greener world.

scholarly journals Value-Added Metabolites from Agricultural Waste and Application of Green Extraction Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11432
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azri Amran ◽  
Kishneth Palaniveloo ◽  
Rosmadi Fauzi ◽  
Nurulhuda Mohd Satar ◽  
Taznim Begam Mohd Mohidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Sustainability Issue

The agricultural sector generates approximately 1300 million tonnes of waste annually, where up to 50% comprising of raw material are discarded without treatment. Economic development and rising living standards have increased the quantity and complexity of waste generated resulting in environmental, health and economic issues. This calls for a greener waste management system such as valorization or recovery of waste into products. For successful implementation, social acceptance is an essential component with involvement of all local stakeholders including community to learn and understand the process and objective of the implementation. The agricultural waste product manufacturing industry is expected to increase with the growing demand for organic food. Thus, proper livestock and crop waste management is vital for environmental protection. It will be essential to successfully convert waste into a sustainable product that is reusable and circulated in the system in line with the green concept of circular economy. This review identifies the commercially produced crops by-product that have been considered for valorization and implemented green extraction for recovery. We highlight the importance of social acceptance and the economic value to agricultural waste recycling. Successful implementation of these technologies will overcome current waste management problems, reduce environmental impacts of landfills, and sustainability issue for farm owners.

scholarly journals Basic Steps to Promote Biorefinery Value Chains in Forestry in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11731
Author(s):  
Swati Tamantini ◽  
Alberto Del Lungo ◽  
Manuela Romagnoli ◽  
Alessandro Paletto ◽  
Michael Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
End Use ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Value Added Products

Biorefineries are an important pillar to conduct the transition toward a circular bioeconomy. Forestry value chains produce wood biomass from harvesting and processing residues that have potential to be used in biorefineries, but currently, these residues are mostly used for energy generation. New biorefineries and new methodologies of wood fractionation allow the production of high value-added products based on carbohydrates and lignin. However, biorefineries based on lignocellulosic feedstock are still few in European countries and even less in Italy. The present study analyses the processes involved in a scenario of establishment of forest biorefineries, reviewing the main components and the actual organization of forestry value chains in Italy. The aim is to have a general vision, to identify and to focus the possibilities of the actual value chains and to fill gaps. The development of the territories is thought of in a perspective of a broader repertoire and more branched value chains than simple energy-generation end use, reviewing the tool for a feasibility study that could potentially involve lignocellulosic biorefineries also based on forest-wood industry feedstocks.

scholarly journals Recycling of TiO2 containing waste and utilization by photocatalytic degradation of a reactive dye solution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Bilici ◽  
Raouf Bouchareb ◽  
Tuba Sacak ◽  
H. Cengiz Yatmaz ◽  
Nadir Dizge
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Reactive Orange 16 ◽  
Reactive Orange ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Value Added Products

Abstract Recently, the utilization of wastes, recovery of high value-added products from waste, and their use as raw materials in other industries with the logic of industrial symbiosis has an important issue day by day. In this study, removal efficiency of Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) dye from aqueous solution was studied using TiO2 catalyst recycled from an industrial waste effluent. The recycling of TiO2 waste was acquired from a paints manufacturing industry by sintering the TiO2 containing waste. The catalyst usability of TiO2 containing powder was then investigated in the removal of RO16 dye by photocatalytic oxidation process. In photocatalytic oxidation studies, TiO2/UV and TiO2/UV/H2O2 processes were investigated, where the effect of annealing temperature, the effect of H2O2 concentration, the adsorption and photocatalytic effects on RO16 dye removal were studied. The results showed that 100% RO16 removal was obtained for the 10 mg/L initial RO16 concentration using TiO2 (1 g/L)/UV. At high initial RO16 concentration (50 mg/L), 100% RO16 removal was achieved by adding 10 mM H2O2.

scholarly journals Lignosulfonate as a byproduct of wood pulp production: A potential precursor for the preparation of functional hybrid materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Łukasz Klapiszewski ◽  
Tadeusz J. Szalaty ◽  
Tomasz Szatkowski ◽  
Teofil Jesionowski
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Wood Pulp ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Polymer Fillers

<p>Functional hybrid materials based on magnesium lignosulfonate and silica were obtained and characterized. Magnesium lignosulfonate is a common waste product of the wood pulp industry, while silica is a well-known inorganic material with exceptional physicochemical properties. In this study, silicas with a spherical particle shape were synthesized using a sol-gel method and alternatively in a nonpolar medium. Silica was found to improve the thermal and electrokinetic properties of the final products. The resulting lignosulfonate/silica hybrid materials were analyzed with the use of advanced techniques and measuring methods: scanning electron microscopy, a laser diffraction method enabling particle size measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, electrophoretic light scattering, zeta potential measurements, low-temperature nitrogen sorption, and colorimetric analysis. The results enabled the hybrid materials to be characterized from the point of view of potential applications in various branches of industry (for example as polymer fillers, electroactive blends and biosorbents). We additionally indicate new methods for the utilization of waste products, a category to which lignosulfonate certainly belongs.</p>

scholarly journals Production of bioethanol from Robusta coffee pulp (Coffea robusta L.) in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Viet Phuong ◽  
Le Pham Tan Quoc ◽  
Pham Van Tan ◽  
Le Nguyen Doan Duy
Keyword(s):  
Waste Product ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Enzyme Loading ◽  
Coffee Pulp ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Microwave System ◽  
Wet Processing ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Coffea Robusta ◽  
Value Added Products

Coffee pulp is the first waste product obtained during the wet processing of coffee beans. Coffee pulp makes up nearly 40% of the total weight of the coffee cherry. Coffee pulp contains 25.88% of cellulose, 3.6% of hemicel- luloses, and 20.07% of lignin. Coffee pulp is considered as an ideal substrate of lignocellulose biomass for micro- bial fermentation to produce such value-added products as ethanol. In this study, we used alkaline pre-treatment of the coffee pulp with NaOH (0.2 g/g biomass) in a microwave system at 120°C during 20 min. This method gave the best results: 71.25% of cellulose remained, and 46.11% of hemicellulose and 76.63% of lignin were removed. After that, the pre-treated biomass was hydrolyzed by Viscozyme Cassava C (enzyme loading was 19.27 FPU/g) at 50°C for 72 hours. The results showed that the highest reducing sugars and glucose concentration after hydrolysis were 38.21 g/l and 30.36 g/l, respectively. Then, the hydrolysis solution was fermented by S. cerevisiae (3.108 cells/ml) at 30°C for 72 hours. The highest concentration of ethanol obtained was 11.28 g/l. The result illustrated that, available and non- edible as it is, coffee pulp could be a potential feedstock for bioethanol production in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Modeling of thermochemical conversion of waste biomass – a comprehensive review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1481-1528
Author(s):  
Sinhara M.H.D. Perera ◽  
Chathuranga Wickramasinghe ◽  
B.K.T. Samarasiri ◽  
Mahinsasa Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Thermochemical Processes ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Value Added Products

Thermochemical processes, which include pyrolysis, torrefaction, gasification, combustion, and hydrothermal conversions, are perceived to be more efficient in converting waste biomass to energy and value-added products than biochemical processes. From the chemical point of view, thermochemical processes are highly complex and sensitive to numerous physicochemical properties, thus making reactor and process modeling more challenging. Nevertheless, the successful commercialization of these processes is contingent upon optimized reactor and process designs, which can be effectively achieved via modeling and simulation. Models of various scales with numerous simplifying assumptions have been developed for specific applications of thermochemical conversion of waste biomass. However, there is a research gap that needs to be explored to elaborate the scale of applicability, limitations, accuracy, validity, and special features of each model. This review study investigates all above mentioned important aspects and features of the existing models for all established industrial thermochemical conversion processes with emphasis on waste biomass, thus addressing the research gap mentioned above and presenting commercial-scale applicability in terms of reactor designing, process control and optimization, and potential ways to upgrade existing models for higher accuracy.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF BIO-ECONOMY IN THE FOOD AND TOURISM INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1681-1684
Author(s):  
Georgi Toskov ◽  
Ana Yaneva ◽  
Stanko Stankov ◽  
Hafize Fidan
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Foreign Brands ◽  
Value Added Products

The European Commission defines the bioeconomy as "the production of renewable biological resources and the conversion of these resources and waste streams into value added products, such as food, feed, bio-based products and bioenergy. Its sectors and industries have strong innovation potential due to their use of a wide range of sciences, enabling and industrial technologies, along with local and implied knowledge." The Bulgarian food industry faces a lot of challenges on the local and national level, which have direct influence on the structure of the production companies. Most of the enterprises from the food sector produce under foreign brands in order to be flexible partners to the large Bulgarian retail chains. The small companies from the food sector are not able to develop as an independent competitive producer on the territory of their local markets. This kind of companies rarely has a working strategy for positioning on new markets. In order to consolidate their already built positions for long period of time, the producers are trying to optimize their operations in a short term. However, the unclear vision of the companies for the business segment does not allow them to fully develop. Tourism in Bulgaria is a significant contributor to the country's economy.

Oxidized indium with transformable dimensions for CO2 electroreduction toward formate aided by oxygen vacancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 3726-3731
Author(s):  
Fenghui Ye ◽  
Jinghui Gao ◽  
Yilin Chen ◽  
Yunming Fang
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction ◽  
Value Added Products

Electroreduction of CO2 into value-added products is a promising technique in which the structure of the catalyst plays a crucial role.

scholarly journals β-Galactosidases from a Sequence-Based Metagenome: Cloning, Expression, Purification and Characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
María Florencia Eberhardt ◽  
José Matías Irazoqui ◽  
Ariel Fernando Amadio
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Catalytic Domains ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Cazy Database ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Value Added Products

Stabilization ponds are a common treatment technology for wastewater generated by dairy industries. Large proportions of cheese whey are thrown into these ponds, creating an environmental problem because of the large volume produced and the high biological and chemical oxygen demands. Due to its composition, mainly lactose and proteins, it can be considered as a raw material for value-added products, through physicochemical or enzymatic treatments. β-Galactosidases (EC 3.2.1.23) are lactose modifying enzymes that can transform lactose in free monomers, glucose and galactose, or galactooligosacharides. Here, the identification of novel genes encoding β-galactosidases, identified via whole-genome shotgun sequencing of the metagenome of dairy industries stabilization ponds is reported. The genes were selected based on the conservation of catalytic domains, comparing against the CAZy database, and focusing on families with β-galactosidases activity (GH1, GH2 and GH42). A total of 394 candidate genes were found, all belonging to bacterial species. From these candidates, 12 were selected to be cloned and expressed. A total of six enzymes were expressed, and five cleaved efficiently ortho-nitrophenyl-β-galactoside and lactose. The activity levels of one of these novel β-galactosidase was higher than other enzymes reported from functional metagenomics screening and higher than the only enzyme reported from sequence-based metagenomics. A group of novel mesophilic β-galactosidases from diary stabilization ponds’ metagenomes was successfully identified, cloned and expressed. These novel enzymes provide alternatives for the production of value-added products from dairy industries’ by-products.

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