scholarly journals Estimation and Analysis of Rainfall Runoff for Urban Hydrology using TR 55 SCS CN and GIS Approach in Hebbal Valley of Bengaluru, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Ganesh V ◽  
◽  
Ajey Kumar V G ◽  
Aravindan S ◽  
Sudha Ravindranath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Hydrology ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Cauvery River ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
Dark Light ◽  
Rainfall Analysis ◽  
Space Data ◽  
Scs Cn

Urban floods are increasing frequently and severely. Climate change is usually attributed to urban floods with insufficient evidence. While in certain cases this appears to be true, the influence of landscape change in urban growth is more important. This study analyses development of an urban landscape with the complexity of established cities and combines physiographic data for the assessment of peak surface runoff in the study area, Hebbal valley. A portion of the Cauvery river basin draining into the Pinakini river in the district of Bangalore. It encompasses a 305.21 sq.km region in East Bengaluru and North Bengaluru. The land use and land cover classification was classified as 14 different categories: dark, light, roads and vegetation. The region of study has undergone unpredictable expansion and changes in the Land Use Land Cover in the last two decades. Several flood occurrences have occurred in different regions of Hebbal Valley throughout recent years. Rainfall analysis conducted between 1970 and 2018 with 1596mm of greatest precipitation. For the study, several space and non-space data were collected and thematic maps were produced. Runoff estimates for 2018 were made for 24 micro water sheds in the Hebbal Valley using SCS-CN TR55 technique for urban hydrology. The objective of this study is to determine the quantity of peak runoff produced, to develop better urban management techniques. The finding shows that rush volume has increased in recent years as land use patterns have changed and precipitation intensity has increased substantially over shorter periods. The study suggests spatial intervention efforts to provide suitable buildings and measures for flood flow.

scholarly journals Structural Changes in the Romanian Economy Reflected through Corine Land Cover Datasets

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Rusu ◽  
Adrian Ursu ◽  
Cristian Constantin Stoleriu ◽  
Octavian Groza ◽  
Lilian Niacșu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Corine Land Cover ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Artificial Surfaces ◽  
Large Farms

During the last 30 years, the Romanian economy has faced different challenges due to structural readjustments, overcoming crisis and globalization. The share of primary and secondary sectors in the gross domestic product have strongly decreased, while the services have taken off. The main objective for this study is to observe how these economic readjustments can be assessed and measured using the Corine Land Cover datasets from 1990, 2000, 2006, 2012 and 2018 (with special observation on the range 2006 and 2018, after Romania was included in European Union). Despite some of the methodological limitations (like the minimum surface change), the Corine Land Cover turned out to be a powerful tool and it allowed us to detect an intense correlation between the socioeconomic and the structural trends in land use, in specific spatial contexts. The artificial surfaces are constantly increasing and this trend is rather visible as a distance function to the major Romanian cities. The most interesting changes occurred in the case of the agricultural polygons. The main trend emphasized by our analysis regards the redeployment of large farms in areas of agronomic and environmental territorial optimum. Such is the case for vineyards (after a decline during 2000–2006) and for annual cultures. All these changes in land-use patterns are too complex to be encompassed by a single methodology, which is why we used different tools, ranging from spatial analysis to geo-economic modeling, in order to detect how the Corine Land Cover datasets might be used for a better understanding of the Romanian economic readjustments.

scholarly journals New Change Detection Techniques to monitor land cover dynamics in mine environment

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 875-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Ideal Situation

Land use and land cover are dynamic and is an important component in understanding the interactions of the human activities with the environment and thus it is necessary to simulate environmental changes. Land use/cover (LU/LC) change detection is very essential for better understanding of landuse dynamic during a known period of time for sustainable management. Mining is one of the most dynamic processes with direct as well as indirect impact on the environment. Hence, mine area provides ideal situation for evaluating the chronological changes in land-use patterns. Digital change detection of satellite data at different time interval helps in analyzing the changes in the spatial extent of mine along with the associated activities. In present study, various algorithms Iteratively Re-weighted Multivariate Alteration Detection (MAD) on raw data where class wise comparison becomes a difficult proposition and object based segmentation and change detection as post classification comparison were assessed.

scholarly journals Assessment of land cover resolution impact on flood modeling uncertainty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihui Fan ◽  
Majid Galoie ◽  
Artemis Motamedi ◽  
Jing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scs Cn

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact of land cover resolution, in comparison with the digital elevation model (DEM) resolution, on hydrological modeling outputs. Three different basins in the various resolutions of DEM (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000 m) and land-use maps (250, 1,000 and 2,500 m) were collected in this study, and the hydrological modeling process was performed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The soil type resolution was 1,000 m for all basins, and the runoff modeling was done based on the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method. The final model outputs showed that the DEM cell size variations affect significantly the topographical characteristics of a catchment such as area, mean slope, river network and time to concentration which alter the flood modeling outputs especially in hilly watersheds (mean slope more than 15%) up to 15% for a DEM cell size of 1,000 m in comparison to 12.5 m. Also, the resolution and spatial distribution of land cover maps which directly specify SCS-CN values, can change the output simulated runoff results up to 49% for a land cover cell size of 2,500 m in comparison to 250 m. These results indicated that the quality of the land cover map is more important than the quality of DEM in hydrological modeling. Also, the results showed that for an identical land-use cell size, the differences between model outputs using DEM cell sizes less than 100 m were not very significant. Furthermore, in all models by increasing the DEM cell size, the simulated runoff depth was decreased.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal Changes in Land Use Land Cover and its Impacts on Wildlife Conservation in Meru Conservation Area, Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kiria Edwin ◽  
Magana Adiel ◽  
Njue Cyprian
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
The Impact

Habitat conversion can be a major threat to biodiversity. Recent and current levels of human activities on landscapes appear to be overriding the natural changes to ecosystems brought about by climate variations in the past millennia. The impact of anthropogenic activities on wildlife habitat and species vary depending on the spatial and temporal scales considered and the persistence of the activities in the landscape. This study was carried out in Meru Conservation Area (MCA) to examine land use and land cover changes (LULC) that have taken place within and around the Protected Area (PA) from 1985 with an emphasis of anthropogenic activities which have altered wildlife habitat and species. The distribution of land use types within and around MCA has produced land use patterns which this study seeks to establish the extent and effects in relation to wildlife conservation. To establish the LULC, Landsat satellite images of medium resolution were acquired and interpretation done using ArchGIS. Four satellite images with a span of three decades from 1985 to 2015 were acquired for analysis. The results revealed significant changes in MCA ecosystem over the study period, accounting for 9.9% and 6.1% increase in grassland and bareland respectively. This means that agricultural activities are encroaching towards the protected areas in the land that was formerly used as wildlife corridors and dispersal areas. It is also an indication that there is a significant change in the forestland and shrubland which has reduced by 2.3% and 15.7% respectively resulting to bareland and grassland. The results of the study provide an insight on the threat to the future survival of wildlife in their ecosystems due to declining ecosystems productivity as well as socioeconomic livelihood of communities living around the MCA. The results of this study therefore call for an integrated planning approach towards management of protected areas in order to meet wildlife and human needs in view of the changing climate regimes.

scholarly journals Editorial of Special Issue “Remote Sensing for Land Cover/Land Use Mapping at Local and Regional Scales”

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallinis ◽  
Georgiadis
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
National Governments

More than ever, there is a need from policy and decision makers, national governments, nongovernmentalorganizations, international initiatives, scientists, and individual citizens for timelyand accurate spatially-explicit information on Earth’s physical surface cover and the socio-economicfunction of land at multiple scales. Information on land-cover, land-use patterns and monitoring oftheir changes, can support regional policies and local action for sustainable development in terms ofefficiency in resources use, disaster risk reduction, and environmental protection [...]

scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment Based on Land Cover Changes: A Case of Zanzibar (Tanzania)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3114
Author(s):  
Hassan Omar ◽  
Pedro Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Ecological Processes

Land use and land cover (LULC) under improper land management is a major challenge in sub-Saharan Africa and has drastically affected ecological security. Addressing environmental impacts related to this challenge requires efficient planning strategies based on the measured information of land use patterns. This study assessed the ecological risk index (ERI) of Zanzibar based on LULC. A random forest classifier was used to classify three Landsat images of Zanzibar for the years 2003, 2009, and 2018. Then, a land change model was employed to simulate the LULC changes for 2027 under a business-as-usual (BAU), conservation, and extreme scenarios. Results showed that the built-up areas and farmland of Zanzibar Island have increased constantly, while the natural grassland and forest cover have decreased. The forest, agricultural, and grassland were highly fragmented into several small patches. The ERI of Zanzibar Island increased at a constant rate and, if the current trend continues, this index will increase by up to 8.9% in 2027 under an extreme scenario. If a conservation scenario is adopted, the ERI will increase by 4.6% whereas if a BAU policy is followed, this value will increase by 6.2%. This study provides authorities with useful information to understand better the ecological processes and LULC dynamics and prevent unmanaged growth and haphazard development of informal housing and infrastructure.

Study of the Impact of Land Use Change on Estimation of Runoff Using SCS-CN & GIS for Gangua-Jhumka Water Shed

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Monalisa Kuanar ◽  
Swetalina Nath
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Soil Map ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scs Cn

Due to increasing demand for basic human needs and welfare of ever growing population there is seen remarkable changes in land use land cover of particular areas. Land use land cover has become a important component in current strategies for managing natural resource and managing environmental changes in present days. The objectives of this research were to analyse the land use land cover change for two periods 2005-06 and 2011-12 and comparing the changes, to study the impact of  LULC change on runoff and to estimate the runoff of a watershed area i.e. Gangua Jhumka watershed. Accurate estimation of runoff is an important work for proper watershed management. Direct runoff of a catchment is depended on soil type, and cover and rainfall. Among all the methods available for estimation of runoff SCS-CN method is the most popular. The curve number depends on soil and land use characteristics. This study was carried out in Gangua Jhumka watershed located Khurdha District of Odisha using remote sensing and GIS. The total area of watershed 685.711 sq. km. Soil map, Land use map, elevation maps are generated from GIS Environment. In this research work as the study area is a fast developing city and the population growth is remarkable so most of the agricultural land and forest lands are converted to built up lands. Land sat satellite image was used to obtain land cover information. The thematic maps like soil map, elevation map, and land cover map were created in Arc GIS 10.3. Curve numbers are assigned for different land cover and soil types. In present study the runoff calculated are 1307.6 mm and 1434.8 mm for the year 2005-06 and 2011-12 respectively. Due to increase urbanization runoff has decreased in the study area.

scholarly journals Perubahan Tutupan Lahan dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pola Persebaran Suhu di Kota Gorontalo

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Mohammad Duka ◽  
Firyane Lihawa ◽  
Sukirman Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
City Development ◽  
Land Use Patterns

Gorontalo City is one of the regions in Gorontalo Province. Urban development and population growth, causing pressure on land use patterns. Changes in land use are carried out to meet the community's needs for infrastructure. At present, development in Gorontalo City is still ongoing. The increase in temperature is expected to continue and can trigger heat island. This is very important to be studied for the Gorontalo City development planning that is more environmentally friendly. This study aims to analyze the heat island phenomenon through the relationship of the spatial distribution of surface temperature with various types of land cover and vegetation characteristics. The object of this research is the Gorontalo City area on Landsat path-row 121- 65 satellite imagery media. The research material is the wavelength of visible light, near-infrared and moderate infrared and thermal wavelengths on satellite imagery of Landsat TM and OLI TIRS. The results showed an increase in temperature in Gorontalo City since 1990, 2003, and 2017. The correlation between surface temperature and land cover is negative. The value of the correlation coefficient (r) in 1990 was -0.41. The correlation coefficient (r) in 2003 was -0.448. The correlation coefficient (r) in 2017 is -0.402. Changes in surface temperature in Gorontalo City are influenced by changes in the land cover which is marked by the similarity of patterns of changes in surface temperature distribution with patterns of land cover changes.

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