Identifikasi Genera Nematoda pada Lahan Perkebunan Karet (Hevea braziliensis) di Desa Santan Ulu Kecamatan Marangkayu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara

This study aims to determine the dominant nematode genus and nematode population associated with rubber plants. Field research were carried out in Santan Ulu Village, Marangkayu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The laboratory works was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Pest and Disease Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University. The study was conducted for 3 months from October to December 2017. The method in this study is a diagonal method on nine rubber trees that have produced. The obtained nematodes were identified and calculated by the population of each genus. The results showed that there are five species of nematodes in rubber plantation areas aged 5, 7 and 10 years, namely Aphelenchulus, Dorylemus, Pratylencus, Rhabditis, and Rotylenchulus. Weeds that grow on rubber plantations, namely, Imperata cylindrica L, Mikania micranta, Melastoma offine, Chromolaena odorata, and Paspalum conjungtum.

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Identifikasi Dan Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Bawah Pada Hutan Tanaman Jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) Di Desa Lamorende Kecamatan Tongkuno Kabupaten Muna

Agrikan Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan ◽

10.29239/j.agrikan.11.1.71-82 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Wa Ode Ernawati Marfi

Keyword(s):

Coffea Arabica ◽

Tectona Grandis ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Brachiaria Decumbens

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil identifikasi spesies tanaman rendah yang ditemukan di perkebunan jati di Desa Lamorende, Kecamatan Tongkuno, ditemukan 15 spesies dan 10 famili termasuk Rumput Signal (Brachiaria decumbens), Jukut Pahit (Paspalum conjugatum Berg), Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.) famili Poaceae (Gramineae), Jarong (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl.) famili Verbenaceae, Harendong (Melastoma affine D. Don) famili Melastomaceae, Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L.) RM King & H. Robinson) famili Asteraceae (Compositae), Tembelekan (Lantana kamara Linn.), Hiptis (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) famili Lamiaceae (Labiatae), Kopi (Coffea arabica) famili Rubiaceae, Paku Harupat Nephrolepis Schott.) famili Oleandraceae, Christella parasitica (L.) Lev famili Thelypteridaceae, Paku Hata (Lygodium circinatum (Burm.) Sw.) famili Schizaeaceae, Putri Malu (Mimosa pud Ica), Gamal (Gliricidia sepium), dan Sentro (Centrosema pubescens Benth.) famili Fabaceae). Tingkat penguasaan (dominasi) spesies tanaman yang lebih rendah pada tegakan jati adalah rendah, sedangkan nilai total indeks keanekaragaman spesies (H') dari tanaman yang lebih rendah di tegakan jati adalah 1,23. Ini menunjukkan bahwa komunitas tumbuhan bawah di lokasi penelitian memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman vegetasi yang cukup berlimpah.

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Comparison of Soil Microbial Composition and Diversity Between Mixed and Monoculture Rubber Plantations in Hainan Province, China

Tropical Conservation Science ◽

10.1177/1940082919876072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 194008291987607 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Tahir Jatoi ◽

Guoyu Lan ◽

Zhixiang Wu ◽

Rui Sun ◽

Chuan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Bacterial Composition ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Soil Bacterial

This study aimed to compare monoculture and mixed rubber plantations in terms of their soil bacterial and fungal composition. An Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis was performed to investigate the composition and diversity of the soil bacterial and fungal communities among three different rubber ( Hevea brasiliensis) plantations: monoculture, Mixed 1 ( Hevea brasiliensis and Mytilaria laosensis), and Mixed 2 ( Hevea brasiliensis and Michelia macclurei) in Hainan. The results showed that the bacterial composition of the three rubber plantations was basically similar. However, there was a significant difference in fungal communities among the three rubber plantations at both the phylum and operational taxonomic unit level. The species richness, Chao, and Shannon diversity of bacterial communities of monoculture rubber plantations were higher than the Mixed 1 and Mixed 2 rubber plantations, whereas all diversity indexes of fungal communities were relatively equal for the monoculture and mixed rubber plantations. Soil nutrition (such as total nitrogen and total potassium) and soil pH are the main drivers of the bacterial composition ( p < .001). However, soil pH and water content are the main drivers of the fungal composition ( p < .001), and to some extent, soil pH can increase soil bacteria diversity. We suggest that alkaline fertilizers should be applied in mixed rubber plantations to improve the soil pH and, consequently, to increase the total diversity of the rubber plantation.

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Latex Micro Diagnosis, Modern Management Tool of Rubber Plantations of Clones With Active or Rapid Metabolism IRCA 18, IRCA 130, PB 235, PB 260 and PB 330

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2018.v14n3p385 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

Adou Bini Yao Christophe ◽

Okoma Koffi Mathurin ◽

Obouayeba Abba Pacôme ◽

Atsin Guy Joël Olivier ◽

Ballo Espérence Kouadio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Management Tool ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Physiological Index ◽

Physiological Profile ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Active Metabolism ◽

Efficient Management ◽

Harvesting Systems ◽

Tapping Panel Dryness

The cultivated rubber clones are sensitive to latex harvesting regimes according to their laticiferous metabolism. Thus, in order to determine the best latex harvesting systems of clones with active or rapid metabolism (IRCA 18, IRCA 130, PB 235, PB 260 and PB 330), six latex harvesting technologies are applied to them in a bulk statistical device from Fisher to four rehearsals. The rubber is tapped in downward half spiral stimulated or not for nine years after the opening of the tapping panel. The agronomic parameters (production, vegetative growth), the tapping panel dryness and those of the latex micro diagnosis were evaluated. The results indicate that these clones independently of the latex harvesting system have good rubber productivity (2310 kg.ha -1.y1) with good radial vegetative growth (2.9 cm.y-1). Their trees show a wellbalanced physiological profile and an acceptable sensitivity to the tapping panel dryness (4.9%). However, the physiological index, the bark consumption and the sensitivity to the tapping panel dryness lead to retain the latex harvesting technologies “ S/2 d3 6d/7 Pa1(1) ET2.5% 4/y and S/2 d4 6d/7 Pa1(1) ET2.5% 4/y ” for the best. This index, favorably influencing the choice of technologies adapted to clones with active metabolism, contributes to the modern and efficient management of a rubber plantation.

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STRATEGI PETANI KARET DALAM MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN HIDUP DI NAGARI TARUANG-TARUANG KECAMATAN RAO KABUPATEN PASAMAN

Jurnal Spasial ◽

10.22202/js.v1i1.1580 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Slamet Rianto

Keyword(s):

Average Distance ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Average Frequency ◽

Primary Data ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Selling Price ◽

Rice Paddies ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Farming Communities ◽

Descriptive Qualitative

This study aims to gather information, analyze and discuss data on Strategies rubber farmers in meeting the needs of life in Kenagarian Taruang-Taruang districts Rao Pasaman district. This research is descriptive qualitative techniques. To answer this problem used secondary data and primary data. Primary data was collected through observation, interviews, discussions with rubber farmers. The study concluded that: 1) People Nagari Tarung-Tarung have rubber land on average 2-5 hectares, the number of plants owned rubber generally 300 stems / ha, the average distance between the rubber plantation is 2-5 km from the farmhouse. Tools commonly used knives, machetes and hoes, 2) If more rain than the summer, the harvest will be disturbed, to overcome this is usually done fertilization, while the average frequency of harvest by the farmers is 1 time in 2 days, 3) production of rubber farmers in Nagari Tarung-Tarung generally is pure rubber because the selling price was good, generally sold to toke / traders who have a subscription, 4) Income rubber farmers sourced from rubber plantations, the highest selling price obtained farmers from the sap of pure, without mixture. Rubber prices are normal can meet the needs of farmers, but the farmers are not trying to sell directly to the factory rubber. Stable prices because there is no middleman and 5) Alternative business other than farming communities rubber is mostly done in Nagari-Combat Combat is aquaculture, rice paddies and trade was done to reduce the risk in the event of prolonged rainy seasonKeywords: Farmers Strategy Rubber Meets Needs In Life

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Gender analysis of livelihood strategies among ethnic households in Northern Laos: From subsistence agriculture to rubber plantations

10.31124/advance.12085653.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kyoko Kusakabe ◽

Chanthavisith Chanthoumphone

Keyword(s):

Gender Roles ◽

Lao Pdr ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Subsistence Agriculture ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

Differential Impact ◽

Early Adopters ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Maximum Benefit ◽

Social Interface

<p>The study examined livelihood changes in eight villages in Luang Namtha province of northern Lao PDR following the expansion in rubber plantations and analyzed its impact on gender roles and relations. The differential impact of rubber plantation was analyzed on the basis of location (distance from border), infrastructure (distance from roads), land ownership (concession, small farmhold) and timeline for entry into rubber plantations. Early adopters located near the border were able to gain maximum benefit from rubber plantations and these benefits were instrumental in transforming gender roles and relations in favor of women. The study showed used the concept of Long’s ‘social interface’ to argue the diversity in coping strategies employed by women and men in different locations and contexts, and questioned the sustainability of these livelihood changes.</p><p> </p>

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Gender analysis of livelihood strategies among ethnic households in Northern Laos: From subsistence agriculture to rubber plantations

10.31124/advance.12085653 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kyoko Kusakabe ◽

Chanthavisith Chanthoumphone

Keyword(s):

Gender Roles ◽

Lao Pdr ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Subsistence Agriculture ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

Differential Impact ◽

Early Adopters ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Maximum Benefit ◽

Social Interface

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Host Plant and Leaf-Age Preference ofLuprops tristis(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Lupropini): A Home Invading Nuisance Pest in Rubber Plantation Belts

Psyche A Journal of Entomology ◽

10.1155/2012/232735 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sabu K. Thomas ◽

Mohandas Greeshma ◽

P. Aswathi

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Leaf Disc ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Manilkara Zapota ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

The Western Ghats

Massive seasonal invasion by the litter-dwelling beetleLuprops tristis, into residential buildings prior to monsoon rains, and their prolonged state of dormancy render them a very serious nuisance pest in rubber plantations in the Western Ghats in southern India. Feeding preferences ofL. trististowards leaf litter of seven trees co-occurring in rubber plantations, cashew (Anacardium occidentale), mango (Mangifera indica), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), wild jack (Artocarpus hirsutus), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), cassia (Cassia fistula), sapota (Manilkara zapota) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) were analyzed with no-choice and multiple-choice leaf disc tests. Results showed thatL. tristisis a generalist feeder with a defined pattern of preference, with the leaf litter of rubber being the most preferred followed by those of jackfruit and cocoa. Tender leaves were preferred over mature leaves except for cocoa and sapota. Equal preference towards tender and mature cocoa leaves, presence of patches of cocoa plantations and the scarce distribution of other host plants in rubber plantation belts leads to the proposal that in the absence of tender and mature rubber leaves, cocoa becomes the major host plant ofL. tristis.

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Effect of Textural Features in Remote Sensed Data on Rubber Plantation Extraction at Different Levels of Spatial Resolution

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11040399 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 399

Author(s):

Chenchen Zhang ◽

Chong Huang ◽

He Li ◽

Qingsheng Liu ◽

Jing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Growth ◽

Natural Forest ◽

Optical Data ◽

Spectral Information ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Textural Features ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Sentinel 2

The expansion of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantations has been a critical driver for the rapid transformation of tropical forests, especially in Thailand. Rubber plantation mapping provides basic information for surveying resources, updating forest subplot information, logging, and managing the forest. However, due to the diversity of stand structure, complexity of the forest growth environment, and the similarity of spectral characteristics between rubber trees and natural forests, it is difficult to discriminate rubber plantation from natural forest using only spectral information. This study evaluated the validity of textural features for rubber plantation recognition at different spatial resolutions using GaoFen-1 (GF-1), Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 optical data. C-band Sentinel-1 10 m imagery was first used to map forests (including both rubber plantations and natural forests) and non-forests, then the pixels identified as forests in the Sentinel-1 imagery were compared with GF-1, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 images to separate rubber plantations and natural forest using two different approaches: a method based on spectral information characteristics only and a method combining spectral and textural features. In addition, we extracted textural features of different window sizes (3 × 3 to 31 × 31) and analyzed the influence of window size on the separability of rubber plantations and natural forests. Our major findings include: (1) the suitable texture extraction window sizes of GF-1, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 are 31 × 31, 11 × 11 to 15 × 15, and 3 × 3 to 7 × 7, respectively; (2) correlation (COR) is a robust textural feature in remote sensing images with different resolutions; and (3) compared with classification by spectral information only, the producer’s accuracy of rubber plantations based on GF-1, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 was improved by 8.04%, 9.44%, and 8.74%, respectively, and the user’s accuracy was increased by 4.63%, 4.54%, and 6.75%, respectively, when the textural features were introduced. These results demonstrate that the method combining textural features has great potential in delineating rubber plantations.

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Soil Properties Variability Under Various Agroecosystems In Ultisols Of Bengkulu

TERRA Journal of Land Restoration ◽

10.31186/terra.4.2.53-59 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Priyono Prawito ◽

Impetus Hasada Windu Sitorus ◽

Zainal Muktamar ◽

Bandi Hermawan ◽

Welly Herman

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

The Other ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Total N ◽

Organic C ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Similar Texture

Understanding the relation of agroecosystem types, ages, and soil properties are vital in maintaining good quality soil. This study aims to explore the variation of selected soil properties with agroecosystem types and ages. The research has been conducted in North Bengkulu, Indonesia. Soil properties on agroecosystems of 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr oil palm plantation, 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr rubber plantation, food cropland, and scrubland were evaluated. The study found that soil in oil palm and rubber plantations of any age have a similar texture, bulk density (BD), and actual soil moisture (ASM). All plantation agroecosystems and scrubland have higher clay and lower silt content than that in food cropland. In addition, the scrubland has the highest ASM content among the agroecosystems. On the other hand, both agroecosystems enhances soil chemical properties than food cropland and scrubland as indicated by the improvement of organic-C, total-N, available P, exchangeable K and CEC of Ultisols. Older plantation also provides higher soil chemical improvement than younger one. This finding is significant for management of sub optimal soil mainly Ultisols for oil palm and rubber plantation.

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Animism in Folk Deities Cult in Malaysia

Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research ◽

10.34293/tamil.v6i1.4077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 67-73

Author(s):

Dhilip Kumar Agilan

Keyword(s):

Rubber Plantation ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Massive Number

Folk deities cult began in Malaysia when Tamils were brought by the British to work in the rubber plantation. Tamils brought a handful of soil, spears, and trident as depictions of their ideal deities. Tamils tend to builts shrines for the deities in Malaysia around their residents, within house compounds, and at the center of rubber plantations. These folk deities cult contains a massive number of animism in its cult. Animism in Malaysian folk deities cult can categorize as animals cult, weapons cult, and trees cult. This article founds that Malaysia Tamils still follow animism in their folk deities cult until today.

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