Pregnancy and COVID-19, a brief review

COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus capable of causing a severe acute respiratory syndrome. First identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the virus spread around the world and is characterized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. According to Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center, presently total confirmed cases mounted 156,400 with total death of 5,833 around the world, among them 2,952 cases in the US and 57 deaths. This article summarizes what is presently known about COVID-19 infection in pregnant women, and review unique risk factors for severity of viral illnesses among pregnant women.

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COVID-19: Socio-Economic Consequences on the Hospitality Industry in Malaysia

11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES - Global Conference on Business and Social Sciences Proceeding ◽

10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2021.12(52) ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 52-52

Author(s):

Nur Hidayah Che Ahmat ◽

Syafiqah Rahamat ◽

Susan Wohlsdorf Arendt

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Hospitality Industry ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

World Health ◽

The Novel ◽

Virus Spread ◽

The World ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization

The novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) first appeared in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province China before emerging in neighbouring countries in early 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic when the spreading of the virus started accelerating in many parts of the world and killing thousands of people. As of 22nd May 2021, there were more than 166 million confirmed cases with more than 147 million recovered and nearly 3.5 million deaths (Worldometers, n.d.). According to the WHO (2020) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020), the virus easily spreads through coughing and sneezing. Therefore, many countries implemented social distancing between individuals and various other restriction orders or recommendations (e.g., stay-at-home policies, closure of non-essential businesses) to help curb virus spread. How governments in each country reacted to control the spread of the virus appeared crucial to mitigate public health and economic impacts. Keywords: Foodservice, Hospitality, Hotel, Malaysia, Pandemic

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Prevention of congenital malformations for pregnant women: a predictive model based on a study in eastern Algeria’s population

Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale ◽

10.4081/jbr.2021.9394 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adel Kalla ◽

Lotfi Loucif ◽

Mouloud Yahia

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Predictive Model ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

World Health ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Multiple Risk Factors ◽

The World ◽

Eastern Algeria ◽

Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines congenital malformation as any gross abnormality present at birth even if it is not immediately recognized. Here, we aimed to identify the factors predisposing to congenital malformations in pregnant women in Eastern Algeria and the effect of the combination of several factors. 786 pregnant women were interviewed. Throughout our study, we sought to find answers, discuss the association between malformation exposure, identify the risk factors, and predict the occurrence of malformations using statistical analysis techniques. We developed a predictive model and we found that malformations were significantly higher for pregnant women aged over 34 (10.93; 95%CI: 2.10-201.71, p=0.023), with a BMI over 25 (2.38; 0.91-7.04, p=0.091), hypertension (2.18; 1.04-4.57, p=0.038), anemia (2.08; 0.98-4.35, p=0.053) and infections (2.32; 1.18-4.58; p=0.015). Protecting factors against malformations includes diet moderate in meat (1.97; 0.73-4.98, p=0.163) and rich in eggs, soft drinks, and fruit-vegetables (2.69; 0.76-8.63, p=0.106), (1.84; 0.74-4.43, p=0.177), (3.08; 0.56-13.28, p=0.154); respectively. Knowing risk factors helps to establish predictive models and strategies to prevent malformations and highlights the link between malformations and multiple risk factors for the sake of protecting babies’ lives.

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Coronavirus diseases and pregnancy: COVID-19,SARS, and MERS

Przeglad Epidemiologiczny ◽

10.32394/pe.74.21 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 276-289

Author(s):

Mobina Fathi ◽

Kimia Vakili ◽

Niloofar Deravi

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽

Negative Impact ◽

World Health ◽

Wuhan City ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Exponential Increase ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

Respiratory Droplets

Around the end of December 2019, a new beta-coronavirus from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China began to spread rapidly. The new virus, called SARS-CoV-2, which could be transmitted through respiratory droplets, had a range of mild to severe symptoms, from simple cold in some cases to death in others. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 was named COVID-19 by WHO and has so far killed more people than SARS and MERS. Following the widespread global outbreak of COVID-19, with more than 132758 confirmed cases and 4955 deaths worldwide, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic disease in January 2020. Earlier studies on viral pneumonia epidemics has shown that pregnant women are at greater risk than others. During pregnancy, the pregnant woman is more prone to infectious diseases. Research on both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, which are pathologically similar to SARS-CoV-2, has shown that being infected with these viruses during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal death, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation and, preterm delivery. With the exponential increase in cases of COVID-19 throughout the world, there is a need to understand the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the health of pregnant women, through extrapolation of earlier studies that have been conducted on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. There is an urgent need to understand the chance of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus and the possibility of the virus crossing the placental barrier. Additionally, since some viral diseases and antiviral drugs may have a negative impact on the mother and fetus, in which case, pregnant women need special attention for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19.

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Current updates on COVID-19 - A review

International Journal of Novel Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijntps.v10i1.1141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ghotekar D S ◽

Vishal N Kushare ◽

Sagar V Ghotekar

Keyword(s):

World Health Organization ◽

Common Cold ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Hubei Province ◽

World Health ◽

The World ◽

The Common ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause illness such as respiratory diseases or gastrointestinal diseases. Respiratory diseases can range from the common cold to more severe diseases. A novel coronavirus outbreak was first documented in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. A global coordinated effort is needed to stop the further spread of the virus. A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been identified in humans previously. Once scientists determine exactly what coronavirus it is, they give it a name (as in the case of COVID-19, the virus causing it is SARS-CoV-2).

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An approach to the understanding of the clinical-etiopathological aspect of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 862-869

Author(s):

Meena Kumari ◽

Monika Agrawal ◽

Rakesh Kumar Singh ◽

Parameswarappa S Byadgi

Keyword(s):

World Health ◽

Apical Surface ◽

Therapy Assessment ◽

Differentiated Cells ◽

The World ◽

Polarized Epithelia ◽

Well Differentiated ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Currently, the world is facing a health and socioeconomic crisis caused by the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this disease as a pandemic. The condition (COVID-19) is an infectious disorder triggered by a newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2. Most of the COVID-19 infected patients will experience mild to moderate respiratory symptoms and recover without any unique therapy. Assessment of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 cases suggests the infected patients will not be contagious until the onset of severe symptoms and affects the other organs. Well-differentiated cells of apical airway epithelia communicating with ACE2 were promptly infected to SARS-CoV-2 virus. But the expression of ACE 2 in poorly differentiated epithelia facilitated SARS spike (S) protein-pseudo typed virus entry and it is replicated in polarized epithelia and especially exited via the apical surface. Limiting the transmission of COVID-19 infection & its prevention can be regarded as a hierarchy of controls. In this article, we briefly discuss the most recent advances in respect to aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical progression of the disease COVID-19.

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Treatment Options in COVID-19: The Role of Bioavailable Antiviral Ribonucleoside Analog on NHC in vitro

Journal of Regenerative Biology and Medicine ◽

10.37191/mapsci-2582-385x-2(1)-024 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lara Bittmann

Keyword(s):

World Health Organization ◽

Clinical Picture ◽

Treatment Options ◽

World Health ◽

Wuhan City ◽

The World ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization

On December 31, 2019, WHO was informed of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan City, China. A novel coronavirus was identified as the cause by Chinese authorities on January 7, 2020 and was provisionally named "2019-nCoV". This new Coronavirus causes a clinical picture which has received now the name COVID-19. The virus has spread subsequently worldwide and was explained on the 11th of March, 2020 by the World Health Organization to the pandemic.

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Critical Insight into the Attributes of Emerging Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in India and Across the World

Coronaviruses ◽

10.2174/2666796701999200623172631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56

Author(s):

Gaurav M. Doshi ◽

Hemen S. Ved ◽

Ami P. Thakkar

Keyword(s):

Review Article ◽

World Health ◽

Effective Vaccine ◽

Human Contact ◽

The World ◽

Critical Insight ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization ◽

Insight Into ◽

Old Drugs

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently announced the spread of novel coronavirus (nCoV) globally and has declared it a pandemic. The probable source of transmission of the virus, which is from animal to human and human to human contact, has been established. As per the statistics reported by the WHO on 11th April 2020, data has shown that more than sixteen lakh confirmed cases have been identified globally. The reported cases related to nCoV in India have been rising substantially. The review article discusses the characteristics of nCoV in detail with the probability of potentially effective old drugs that may inhibit the virus. The research may further emphasize and draw the attention of the world towards the development of an effective vaccine as well as alternative therapies. Moreover, the article will help to bridge the gap between the new researchers since it’s the current thrust area of research.

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The Pandemic of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Need for an Immediate Action (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.19628 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mujib Ullah

Keyword(s):

World Health Organization ◽

Large Family ◽

Current Treatment ◽

World Health ◽

New Disease ◽

The World ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization

UNSTRUCTURED Coronaviruses belong to a large family of viruses. Coronavirus also called COVID-19 is a new disease that has not been previously identified in humans. The World Health Organization has announced that COVID-19 is a pandemic. Currently there is no specific vaccine or treatment for COVID-19. Current treatment for COVID-19 is only supportive (treating the symptoms). There are no antiviral or vaccine options at this time. Therefore, it is time to bring collective efforts to treat or prevent a rapidly evolving pandemic of COVID-19.

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Progression and Trends in Virus from Influenza A to COVID-19: An Overview of Recent Studies

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13061145 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1145

Author(s):

Hakimeh Baghaei Daemi ◽

Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar ◽

Xinlin He ◽

Chengfei Li ◽

Morteza Karimpour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza A ◽

H1n1 Virus ◽

World Health ◽

H1n1 Pandemic ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

First Case ◽

Influenza A H1n1 ◽

The World ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization

Influenza is a highly known contagious viral infection that has been responsible for the death of many people in history with pandemics. These pandemics have been occurring every 10 to 30 years in the last century. The most recent global pandemic prior to COVID-19 was the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. A decade ago, the H1N1 virus caused 12,500 deaths in just 19 months globally. Now, again, the world has been challenged with another pandemic. Since December 2019, the first case of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection was detected in Wuhan. This infection has risen rapidly throughout the world; even the World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19 as a worldwide emergency to ensure human health and public safety. This review article aims to discuss important issues relating to COVID-19, including clinical, epidemiological, and pathological features of COVID-19 and recent progress in diagnosis and treatment approaches for the COVID-19 infection. We also highlight key similarities and differences between COVID-19 and influenza A to ensure the theoretical and practical details of COVID-19.

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