scholarly journals OF SOME FIELD TRAITS OF WHEAT TO ABA UNDER EFFECT OF WATER STRESS RESPONSE

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashim & Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Significant Difference

Two field experiments were carried out at the field crop research station- Abu-Ghraib of agricultural researches office during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 to investigate effect of water irrigation quantities and ABA concentrations soaking and spraying on some morphological traits of wheat cultivar bahooth 10. Split plot arrangement by RCBD with three replicates for each experiment. First trial included for water irrigation volumes which control treatment (irrigation 50% of the water available), 70% and 40% from control treatment as well as rainy treatment (germination irrigation + rainfed) which occupied main plots while ABA soaking concentration (0, 1, 2, and 3) micromoles which occupied sub plots. Second experiment included same irrigation treatments which occupied main plots while ABA spraying concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) micromoles occupied sub plots. Irrigation treatment 70% of first experiment produced plant height was 97.08 cm and flag leaf area 46.35 cm-2 and dry weight at 100% anthesis 1144.57 gm m-2.  For second experiment control treatment gave highest values for duration from planting to 100% anthesis 113.41 and 111.50 day, number of tillers 388.95 and 403.18 tiller m-2 , the crop growth rate 10.61 and 11.31 g m-2 day for both season respectively with no significant difference with 70% of control treatment for both seasons. Soaking concentration 3 micromoles attained the highest value of number of tillers 338.58 and 354.20 tiller m-2, dry matter at 100% anthesis 970.10 and 1102.43 gm m-2, day the crop growth rate 8.85 and 10.16 gm-2 . day for both seasons respectively .While spraying 90 micromoles concentration gave the lowest values for plant height 82.63 and 88.22 cm, but the highest value for number of tillers 336.67 and 384.92 tiller m-2 , for both season , day the crop growth rate 9.13 and 9.05 g m-2 day for first season with did not differ significantly from 60 micromoles . Therefore could be conclude to capability of irrigation with 70% from full irrigation without signification effect in growth traits, as well as can be treat plant wheat with ABA concentration 3 and 60 micromoles soaking and spraying respectively to improve their ability to tolerance water stress .

scholarly journals RESPONSE YIELD WHEAT AND ITS COMPONENTS TO ABA UNDER EFFECT OF WATER STRESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad & Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Crop Research

Two field experiments were carried out at field crop research station- Abu-Ghraib- agricultural researches office during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 to investigate effect of  irrigation deficiency quantities and ABA concentrations soaking and spraying on yield, its components of bahooth 10 wheat cultivar. Split plot arrangement by RCBD with three replicates for each experiment. First trial included for water irrigation quantities which control treatment (50% water depletion from available water), 70% and 40% from control treatment as well as rainy treatment (germination irrigation + rainfed) which occupied main plots while ABA soaking concentration (0, 1, 2, and 3) micromoles which occupied sup plots. Second experiment included same irrigation treatments which occupied main plots while ABA spraying concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) micromoles occupied sub plots. The results of first experiment revealed there is no significant differences between the control treatment and 70% of the control for the number of spikelet per spike 18.79 and 18.45 spikelet Spike-1, number of spike 331.99 and 330.54 spike m-2, grain yield 4.73 and 4.74 ton ha-1 as average for both season respectively. The results of second experiment showed that control treatment attained the highest values of number of spike 328.25 and 333.92 spike m-2, grain yield 4.97 and 5.11 ton ha-1 for both season respectively, but didn’t differ 70% from control treatment. Concentrations soaking and spraying of ABA affect significantly most of studied traits. 3 micromoles Soaking concentration gave the highest values for number of spikes 309.00 and 310.25 spike m-2, number of grain per spike 49.81 and 51.18 grain Spike-1, grain yield 3.62 and 3.97 ton ha-1 for both season respectively, spraying with ABA at 60 micromole concentrations gave the average number of spike 326.00 and 332.00 spike m-2, grain yield 3.85 and 4.18 ton ha-1 for both season respectively with no significant difference with 90 micromole concentration which gave the highest values. The interaction between irrigation and ABA (soaking and spraying) showed a significantly effect on most characteristics yield and its components. Therefore can be conclude to capability of irrigation with 70% from full irrigation without signification effect in grain yield, as well as can be treat plant wheat with ABA concentration 3 and 60 micromoles soaking and spraying respectively to improve their ability to tolerance water stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield Attributes and Yield of Black Gram Cv. Pu-31

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harkesh Meena ◽  
Vikram Bharati ◽  
D.K. Dwivedi ◽  
S.K. Singh ◽  
Rohin Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Crop Growth Rate

Background: The main pulses grown in India are chickpea, arhar, lentil, black gram, mung bean, moth bean, horse gram, pea, khesari, cowpea, etc. Black gram is fourth major pulse crop in India, that contributes 13 and 10 per cent of total area and production respectively. This is annual plant that attains 30-100 cm height and its stem is covered with brown hairs and much branched from the base. The pods are long and cylindrical being 5-6 cm length and 4-10 seed in pods. The seeds are generally black, very dark brown. Methods: The field experiment was conducted in kharif-2019 at research farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture Dholi, to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield parameters and the yield of black gram cv-PU-31, by the use different sources of nutrient in a integrated manner such as three level of fertilizer i.e. F1-75, F2-100 and F3-125% RDF and two levels of organic manure i.e. M1-control and M2-FYM @ 5 t ha-1 and three levels of biofertilizer i.e., B1-rhizobium, B2-nutrient mobilizer, B3-rhizobium+ nutrient mobilizer. The treatments were allocated in randomized block design (factorial) and replicated thrice. Result: The results revealed that F3 produced taller plants, more dry matter, crop growth rate (CGR) yield attributes resulting higher yield of grain and straw (10.78, 22.61 q ha-1 respectively) which was statistically at par with plant height, dry matter, crop growth rate, yield attributes and yield of grain, straw and highest harvest index (10.73, 22.20 q ha-1 and 32.58% respectively) to F2. Among addition of organic manure significantly maximum plant height, dry matter and crop growth rate and yield attributes resulting maximum yield of grain, straw and harvest index (11.2, 22.79 q ha-1 and 33.31% respectively) was found in M2 over M1. In biofertilizer treatments, B3 recorded higher plant height, dry matter and crop growth rate, yield attributes resulting in significantly higher yield of grain, straw and harvest index (10.26, 21.90 q ha-1 and 31.92% respectively) over B1 and B2.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SEEDS SOAKING AND VEGETATIVE PARTS NUTRITION WITH ACIDS OF ASCORBIC, CITRIC AND HUMIC ON MAIZE GROWTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1207-1218
Author(s):  
J. J. Kadhim ◽  
J. H. Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

A field experiment was carried out during two spring seasons in 2019 and 2020. This study was aimed to increase dry matter weight and crop growth rate of maize. First factor in main plots was nutrition vegetative parts with ascorbic and citric (100 mg l-1) for both of them and humic (1 ml l-1), in addition to the control treatment (spraying of vegetative parts with distilled water only). Second factor in sub-plots was seeds soaking with same acids above, as well as the control treatment (soaking the seeds with distilled water only). Randomize complete block design in split plot arrangement was used with three replications. The results showed a significant superiority of seeds soaking in humic acid for traits of number of days from planting to 75% anthesis  and silking (66.4 and 66.3 day) and (72.3 and 72.3 day), plant height (194.0 and 230.8 cm), leaves area plant-1 (6969.5 and 6570.2 cm2), leaf area index (3.71 and 3.50), dry matter weight (11.6 and 12.2 ton ha-1), crop growth rate (3.0 and 3.2 g cm-2 day-1) and chlorophyll leaf content (60.2 and 69.5 SPAD) for both seasons, respectively. Effect of vegetative parts nutrition and interaction effect of both studied factors was non-significant for most traits. It can be concluded that seeds soaking in humic acid improved growth traits. It can be recommended to soak seeds of maize before planting in humic acid at concentration of 1 ml l-1.

Effect of VRN1 and PPD1 genes on anthesis date and wheat growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. J. Harris ◽  
H. A. Eagles ◽  
J. M. Virgona ◽  
P. J. Martin ◽  
J. R. Condon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Per Se

Phasic development of wheat is largely determined by the interaction of the VRN1 and PPD1 genes with vernalising temperature and photoperiod. VRN1 and PPD1 are regulatory genes, known to influence freezing tolerance, plant morphology and grain yield as well as phasic development. Forty-seven doubled-haploid lines were characterised for Ppd-B1, Ppd-D1, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 to determine the effect of allelic combinations of these genes on timing of anthesis and crop growth rate. The lines were grown in replicated field experiments at two locations in Australia. The VRN1 and PPD1 genes accounted for 75% of the genetic variation for time from sowing to anthesis. Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B1 similarly affected time to anthesis, but only Vrn-B1 affected crop growth rate, with the spring Vrn-B1a allele resulting in faster crop growth rates than the winter Vrn-B1v allele. This suggests that the effect of Vrn-B1 on crop growth rate is not a direct consequence of its effect on development per se, but rather due to its influence on other physiological processes. The faster growth associated with Vrn-B1a may explain the high grain yield of cultivars with this allele in some environments, as shown in a previous study.

scholarly journals Growth and dry matter partitioning in selected soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-345
Author(s):  
MSA Khan ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
AJMS Karim ◽  
MAK Mian
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate

The experiment was conducted at the experimental site of Agronomy Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur during the period from January to June 2011 to evaluate twenty selected soybean genotypes in respect of growth, dry matter production and yield. Genotypic variations in plant height, leaf area index, dry matter and its distribution, crop growth rate and seed yield were observed. The plant height ranged from 40.33 to 63.17 cm, leaf area index varied from 3.01 to 8.13 at 75 days after emergence, total dry matter ranged from 12.25 to 24.71 g per plant at 90 days after emergence (DAE). The seed yield ranged from 1745 to 3640 kg per hectare. The genotypes BGM 02093, BD 2329, BD 2340, BD 2336, Galarsum, BD 2331 and G00015 yielded 3825, 3447, 3573, 3737, 3115, 3542 and 3762 kg per hectare, respectively and gave higher than others contributed by higher crop growth rate with maximum number of filled pods. Seed yield of soybean was positively related to total dry matter at 45 DAE (Y = 632.19 + 659.31X, R2= 0.46) and 60 DAE (Y= 95.335 + 405.53X, R2 = 0.48). The filled pods per plant had good relationship with seed yield (Y = 1397 + 41.85X, R2 = 0.41) than other components.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(3): 333-345, September 2015

scholarly journals Growth Rate and Yield of Two Tomato Varieties (Lycopersicon esculentumMill) under Green Manure and NPK Fertilizer Rate Samaru Northern Guinea Savanna

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Isah ◽  
E. B. Amans ◽  
E. C. Odion ◽  
A. A. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Northern Guinea Savanna ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

Field experiments were conducted in 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 dry seasons at the Research farm of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru northern guinea savanna agro ecological zone of Nigeria to study growth rate and yield of tomato under green manure and NPK fertilizer rates. Treatment consisted of two tomato varieties (Roma VF and UC82B), four rates of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg ha−1), and three rates of green manure (0, 5, and 10 t ha−1), laid in a split-plot design with three replications. The variety and fertilizer constituted the main plot while green manure was allocated in subplot. Both varieties responded linearly in growth stages of 5 and 7 weeks after transplanting (WAT) on plant height, relative growth rate, and crop growth rate (CGR). However, UC82B proves superior over Roma VF on growth indices CGR at 5–7 WAT, net assimilation rate (NAR) at 7–9 WAT, and total fruit yield with 10.6% higher. Application of NPK fertilizer significantly increased growth such as plant height, crop dry weight, crop growth rate, and yield. Application between 250 and 280 kg ha−1NPK fertilizers was found efficient for total fruit yield.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Priming on Growth and Yield of Hybrid Maize-Lathyrus Sequence under Rainfed Situation

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Subhajit Banerjee ◽  
Kalyan Jana ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Krishnendu Mondal ◽  
Awindrila Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Seed priming is a low-cost technology and effective way of improving nutrient supply to crops as well as the importance of priming to get a good crop stand of maize. Pre-sowing soaking of seeds with KH2PO4, Na2HPO4 etc. or simple water was earlier reported to improve seed germination, seedling vigor and root growth early in the season, resulting in good establishment, better drought tolerance and more yields of crop plants. In this context a field was conducted at Central Research Farm (CRF), Gayeshpur of BCKV, Nadia Under New alluvial zone of West Bengal during kharif season of 2016 and 2017 and rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017-18. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with nine (9) different treatments of seed priming methods. Seed priming with ZnSO4 @ 0.5% for 12 hrs could be recommended due to higher germination percentage (93.6%), number of leaves per plant (9.6), highest plant height (258.2 cm) at 60 DAS, maximum value of crop growth rate (26.6 g/m2/day) at 46-60 DAS of hybrid maize and highest plant height (19.5 cm & 42.8 cm at 30 & 60 DAS, respectively), highest value of dry matter accumulation (198.4 g/m2 at 60 DAS), maximum value of crop growth rate (4.87 g/m2/day) at 31-60 DAS for lathyrus. On the basis of pooled values of 2 years of experimentation, seed priming with ZnSO4 @ 0.5% for 12 hrs could be recommended due to higher yield (7.94 t ha-1 of kharif hybrid maize and 1682 kg ha-1 of lathyrus).

scholarly journals Ground-Based LiDAR Improves Phenotypic Repeatability of Above-Ground Biomass and Crop Growth Rate in Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
David M. Deery ◽  
Greg J. Rebetzke ◽  
Jose A. Jimenez-Berni ◽  
Anthony G. Condon ◽  
David J. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Discrete Events ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Ground Based Lidar

Highly repeatable, nondestructive, and high-throughput measures of above-ground biomass (AGB) and crop growth rate (CGR) are important for wheat improvement programs. This study evaluates the repeatability of destructive AGB and CGR measurements in comparison to two previously described methods for the estimation of AGB from LiDAR: 3D voxel index (3DVI) and 3D profile index (3DPI). Across three field experiments, contrasting in available water supply and comprising up to 98 wheat genotypes varying for canopy architecture, several concurrent measurements of LiDAR and AGB were made from jointing to anthesis. Phenotypic correlations at discrete events between AGB and the LiDAR-derived biomass indices were significant, ranging from 0.31 (P<0.05) to 0.86 (P<0.0001), providing confidence in the LiDAR indices as effective surrogates for AGB. The repeatability of the LiDAR biomass indices at discrete events was at least similar to and often higher than AGB, particularly under water limitation. The correlations between calculated CGR for AGB and the LiDAR indices were moderate to high and varied between experiments. However, across all experiments, the repeatabilities of the CGR derived from the LiDAR indices were appreciably greater than those for AGB, except for the 3DPI in the water-limited environment. In our experiments, the repeatability of either LiDAR index was consistently higher than that of AGB, both at discrete time points and when CGR was calculated. These findings provide promising support for the reliable use of ground-based LiDAR, as a surrogate measure of AGB and CGR, for screening germplasm in research and wheat breeding.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BORON AND ETHEPHON IN GROWTH AND YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Naqeeb & Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Biological Yield

The experiment was carried out at the farm of field of Crops Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to study the effect of boron elements and ethephon on some growth characteristics and the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Abu Ghraib-3 var. A split plot arrangement according to RCBD was used with four replications. The boron spray with three concentrations (50, 75 and 100) mg B.L-1 in addition to control treatment (without boron) as a main plots, and the second factor was soaking of wheat seed with concentrations level of ethephon (1500, 2500 and 3500) mg.L-1 in addition to control treatment (without soaking) as a sub plots. The results of showed that 100 mg B.L-1 gave highest means for plant height (108.81 and 115.53) cm, crop growth rate (32.80 and 35.30) gm.m-2. day-1, number of grains per spike (47.44 and 48.58) grain.spike-1, weight of 1000 grain (42.04 and 41.37) gm, grain yield (4.76 and 5.01)m ton.ha-1, biological yield (12.15 and 12.57) ton.ha-1, harvest index (39.19 and 39.89)%. In addition, the results showed that soak wheat seed with 3500 mg.L-1 caused significant decrease in height plant (93.98 and 101.66) cm and this treatment (3500 mg.L-1) gave highest means for number of tillers (505.29 and 519.06) tiller.m-2, crop growth rate (33.44 and 35.78) gm.m-2. day-1, number of spikes (384.61 and 415.55) spike.m-2, number of grains per spike (46.37 and 47.21) grain.spike-1, grain yield (4.67 and 4.85) ton.ha-1, biological yield (11.96 and 12.55) ton.ha-1 and harvest index (39.01 and 38.61)% for both seasons, respectively. The interaction between 100 mg B.L-1 and 3500 mg.L-1 ethephon gave highest mean for crop growth rate (35.76 and 38.83) gm.m-2. day-1 for both seasons, respectively.

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