"COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EARLY NEONATAL MORBIDITIES OF LATE PRETERM AND TERM NEONATES"

Background- Newborn infants are unique in their physiology and the health problems that they experience. Neonatal period is dened from birth to under four weeks of age. Late preterm infants may physiologically and physically appear like infants born at term, but most late preterm infants may undergo complications like respiratory distress, apnea, hypothermia, feeding problems, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, sepsis, and mortality. AIM-To compare the clinical prole of late preterm neonates with term neonates. MATERIALAND METHODS: This prospective observational study was carried out in neonatal division of department of pediatrics MMIMSR, Mullana. Eligible neonates delivered at MMIMSR, Mullana born from 34 weeks up to 42 weeks gestation were included. All infants enrolled in the study was followed daily till rst 7 days of life for any morbidity by clinical evaluation and review of hospital records.104 preterms included in the study and 226 term neonates were included in the study. Results- Preterms born via LSCS and NVD were(58%vs.42%).Morbidities in late preterms were Hypoglycemia (21.2% vs. 9.3%), Hypothermia (15.4%vs5.7%), hypocalcaemia (38.4% vs. 5.3%), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia(67.3% vs. 30.5%), feeding difculties(44.2% vs. 14.6%), sepsis(40.4% vs. 19.5%), respiratory support(53% vs. 47%)

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Morbidity profile and immediate outcome of late preterm neonates compared to term neonates in a rural tertiary care hospital of Gujarat

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20172660 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1329 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manish Rasania ◽

Prasad Muley

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Full Term ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Term Infants ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Late Preterm Infants

Background: Late premature infants are born near term, but are immature. As a consequence, late preterm infants are at higher risk than term infants to develop morbidities. Although late preterm infants are the largest subgroup of preterm infants, there is a very limited data available on problems regarding late preterm infants in rural India.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using previously collected data from neonates born at Dhiraj Hospital and neonates who were born outside but admitted at SNCU of Dhiraj Hospital, Piparia, Vadodara district, Gujarat, India between January 2015 to December 2015.Results: 168 late preterm infants and 1025 term infants were included in this study. The need for SNCU admission is significantly higher in late preterm compared to full term (41.07% vs 2.04%). Morbidities were higher in late preterm neonates compared to full term neonates. Sepsis (4.76% vs 1.07%), TTN (10.11% vs 2.04%), hyperbilirubinemia (19.04% vs 9.36%), RDS (1.78% vs 0.09%), hypoglycemia (1.78% vs 0.29%), PDA (1.78% vs 0.58%), risk of major congenital malformation (2.38% vs 0.58%). Need for respiratory support was 5.95% in late preterm vs 2.04% in full term neonates. Immediate neonatal outcome in terms of death and DAMA (non-salvageable) cases was poor in late preterm neonates compared to full term neonates (1.19% vs 0.78%).Conclusions: Late preterm neonates are at higher risk of morbidities and mortalities. They require special care. Judicious obstetric decisions are required to prevent late preterm births.

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Cranial Ultrasound in Moderate and Late Preterm Neonates: A Prospective Observational Study

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v41i1.31024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 42-47

Author(s):

Om Krishna Pathak ◽

Yengkhom Rameshwor Singh ◽

Rahul Mugurkar ◽

Pradeep Suryawanshi

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Cranial Ultrasound ◽

Case Record ◽

Mechanically Ventilated ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Ultrasound Findings

Introduction: Preterm infants’ brain is vulnerable to ischemic and hemorrhagic injuries due to structural and molecular immaturities as well as associated co-morbidities, which is usually detected by bedside cranial ultrasound. Cranial ultrasound findings are common in preterm infants’ of < 32 weeks, so cranial ultrasound is routinely recommended in them but there is no such recommendation regarding moderate and late preterm infants. The objective of this study is to find the cranial ultrasound abnormalities in moderate and late preterm infants. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary level neonatal care unit. Hundred moderate and late preterm neonates delivered or admitted within seventh day of life were included in the study. Cranial ultrasound scan was performed between third and seventh day of life and before discharge and ultrasound findings were noted. Data were collected in predesigned case record form and analysed using Fischer Exact test. Results: Out of 100 neonates, 47 (47%) were males and 53 (53%) females. There were 43 (43%) moderately preterm and 57 (57%) late preterm infants. Mean day of life for performing first and second cranial ultrasound was 4.17 (3 - 7) days and 13.24 (3 - 40) days respectively. Cranial abnormalities were noted in 26% neonates. Intra-ventricular haemorrhage grade 1 or 2 was the commonest abnormality noted. Choroid plexus cyst (4%), cerebral edema (3%), periventricular hyperechogenicity (3%) and hydrocephalus (1%) were the other abnormalities noted. Neonates having APGAR < 6 at one minute, mechanically ventilated and having co-morbidities had significantly higher incidence of abnormal findings. Conclusions: It is reasonable to perform screening cranial ultrasound in high risk moderate and late preterm infants having low APGAR score, mechanically ventilated and having co-morbidities.

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Morbidity and Mortality Outcome in Late Preterm Neonates at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v12i1.39966 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 44-47

Author(s):

Tahsinul Amin ◽

Ayesha Najma Nur

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: The morbidity and mortality in late preterm neonates is higher than term neonates. The main reason is the relative physical and neurologic immaturity, though there is no significant difference in the weight or the size of the two groups. Objective: The study was conducted to compare the early neonatal morbidity and mortality (within first 7 days of life) in late preterm infants (34–36 6/7 weeks) with those in term neonates (37–41 6/7 weeks). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted from 01 January 2015 to 30 June 2015 in the department of Neonatology at a tertiary hospital. Results: Total 100 neonates were included in the study; fifty neonates in each group. Late preterm infants had significantly higher morbidity due to any cause, e.g. respiratory morbidity (p<0.05), jaundice (p<0.05), hypoglycemia (p<0.05), sepsis (p<0.05) and perinatal asphyxia (p<0.05). Early neonatal mortality in late preterm neonates was significantly higher than term neonates (p<0.05). Conclusion: Late preterm neonates are at high risk for morbidity and mortality as compared to term neonates. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(1) 2016: 44-47

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Morbidity and Mortality Profile of Late Preterm Neonates as Compared to Term Neonates from a Tertiary Care Centre in Silchar

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/458 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (30) ◽

pp. 2239-2243

Author(s):

Pranav N. Saji ◽

Anupama Deka

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Term Infants ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Maternal Risk ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Preterm Babies

BACKGROUND Late preterm infants are less mature physiologically and have poor compensatory responses when compared to term infants. Recent studies have implied increased morbidities in late preterm infants and higher rate of hospital admission during neonatal period. Multiple maternal risk factors lead to the increasing incidence of late preterm births. We wanted to study the morbidity and mortality profile of late preterm infants compared to term infants. METHODS The study was conducted in the special newborn care unit (SCNU) of Silchar Medical College and Hospital. The study population comprised of 175 late preterm and 175 term babies admitted in SCNU. It was a cross sectional study. RESULTS In this study 175 late preterm neonates were compared with 175 term neonates. Late preterm babies were at increased risk of hypoglycemia (P value = 0.0130), neonatal jaundice (P = 0.021), culture positive sepsis (P = 0.001), respiratory distress (P = 0.000), hypocalcaemia (P = 0.030), difficulty in feeding (P = 0.000) and birth asphyxia (P = 0.013), longer hospital stay and mortality (P = 0.009) when compared to term babies. In babies of mothers with oligohydramnios and pregnancy induced hypertension, preterm babies had significant morbidity compared to term babies. CONCLUSIONS Late preterm babies have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality when compared to term neonates and need special care. Premature rupture of membranes, antepartum hemorrhage and pre-eclampsia are the main maternal complications leading to premature delivery of the baby. KEY WORDS Late Preterm, Preeclampsia, Oligohydramnios, Morbidity

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Early health issues in late pre-terms

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 369

Author(s):

Monica Choudhary ◽

Kamna Jain

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Term Infants ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Early Health

Background: Rates of preterm birth are increasing worldwide, mostly due to late preterm births (i.e. 34-36 6/7 weeks). The objective of the study is to calculate incidence of early morbidity and mortality in late preterm neonates (within first 7 days of life) compared with term neonates.Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. All live inborn late preterm infants (34 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks) and term infants (37 0/7 to 41 6/7 weeks) who were born between November 2010 to October 2011. Study was done to find out early morbidity and mortality in late preterm births.Results: Present study included 256 late preterm infants and 498 term infants, amongst whom 95 (37.10%) late preterm and 98 (19.67%) term infants required NICU care (p<0.001). Late preterm infants were at significantly higher risk for overall morbidity due to any cause (P<0.001; Odds Ratio (OR):2.4; 95% CI: 1.7-3.3), respiratory morbidity (P<0.001; OR:3.64; 95% CI:1.7-7.4), neonatal depression (p<0.001; OR:2.94; 95% CI:1.00-8.62), any resuscitation/ventilation (P<0.05; OR: 3.1; 95% CI:1.15-8.31), probable sepsis (P<0.001; OR:11.2; 95% CI:2.5-49.8), confirmed sepsis (p=0.05; OR:7.7; 95% CI:0.9-63.9), or other problems like jaundice, hypoglycemia, hypothermia and feeding difficulty. The incidence of morbidity increased as gestational age decreases from 19.67% in term infants (>37 weeks) to 27.8%, 43%, 54.5% at 36, 35 and 34 weeks, respectively (P<0.001).Conclusions: The morbidity risk in late preterm births is 1.3 times more at 36 weeks, 2 times more at 35 weeks and 2.7 times more at 34 weeks as compared with term neonates. The mean cost of stay increased 1.8 times in the late preterm neonates as compared to the term neonates.

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Early Neurological Assessment and Long-Term Neuromotor Outcomes in Late Preterm Infants: A Critical Review

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56090475 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (9) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

Domenico M. Romeo ◽

Martina Ricci ◽

Maria Picilli ◽

Benedetta Foti ◽

Giorgia Cordaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Critical Review ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Motor Disorder ◽

Neurological Assessment ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Reported Data

Background and Objectives: Late preterm (LP) infants (born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestational age) are considered at higher risk of neonatal morbidities, mortality, and neurological impairments than full-term born infants (FT). The aim of this study was to provide a critical review of the literature outlining the different aspects of neurological function reported both in the neonatal period and in the follow up of late preterm infants. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL electronic databases was made, using the following search terms: ‘Late preterm infants’, ‘Near term infants’, ‘neurological assessment’, ‘neurological outcome’, ‘neuromotor outcome’, cerebral palsy’, ‘CP’, ‘motor impairment’, including all the studies reporting clinical neurological assessment of LP (including both neonatal period and subsequent ages). Results: A total of 35 articles, comprising 301,495 children, were included as fulfilling the inclusion criteria: ten reported neonatal neurological findings, seven reported data about the first two years after birth, eighteen reported data about incidence of CP and motor disorder during the infancy. Results showed a more immature neurological profile, explored with structured neurological assessments, in LP infants compared with FT infants. The LP population also had a higher risk of developing cerebral palsy, motor delay, and coordination disorder. Conclusion: LP had a higher risk of neurological impairments than FT infants, due to a brain immaturity and an increased vulnerability to injury, as the last weeks of gestational age are crucial for the development of the brain.

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Physiological responses to facemask application in newborns immediately after birth

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2020-320198 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. fetalneonatal-2020-320198

Author(s):

Vincent D Gaertner ◽

Christoph Martin Rüegger ◽

Eoin O'Currain ◽

C Omar Farouk Kamlin ◽

Stuart B Hooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Face Mask ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Trigeminocardiac Reflex ◽

Prospective Randomised Trial ◽

Single Centre Study

ObjectiveApplication of a face mask may induce apnoea and bradycardia, possibly via the trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR). We aimed to describe rates of apnoea and bradycardia in term and late-preterm infants following facemask application during neonatal stabilisation and compare the effects of first facemask application with subsequent applications.DesignSubgroup analysis of a prospective, randomised trial comparing two face masks.SettingSingle-centre study in the delivery roomPatientsInfants>34 weeks gestational age at birthMethodsResuscitations were video recorded. Airway flow and pressure were measured using a flow sensor. The effect of first and subsequent facemask applications on spontaneously breathing infants were noted. When available, flow waveforms as well as heart rate (HR) were assessed 20 s before and 30 s after each facemask application.ResultsIn total, 128 facemask applications were evaluated. In eleven percent of facemask applications infants stopped breathing. The first application was associated with a higher rate of apnoea than subsequent applications (29% vs 8%, OR (95% CI)=4.76 (1.41–16.67), p=0.012). On aggregate, there was no change in median HR over time. In the interventions associated with apnoea, HR dropped by 38bpm [median (IQR) at time of facemask application: 134bpm (134–150) vs 96bpm (94–102) 20 s after application; p=0.25] and recovered within 30 s.ConclusionsFacemask applications in term and late-preterm infants during neonatal stabilisation are associated with apnoea and this effect is more pronounced after the first compared with subsequent applications. Healthcare providers should be aware of the TCR and vigilant when applying a face mask to newborn infants.Trial registration numberACTRN12616000768493.

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PO-0861 The Quality Of General Movements During The Neonatal Period In Moderate And Late Preterm Infants

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2014-307384.1486 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 99 (Suppl 2) ◽

pp. A533.1-A533

Author(s):

A Scheuchenegger ◽

J Pansy ◽

F Dobaja ◽

C Einspieler ◽

B Resch

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

General Movements

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Factors associated with the development of skin allergies in premature newborns in the first year of life

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20200261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Leonardo Bigolin Jantsch ◽

Bruna Paola de Lima Bridi ◽

Giovana Dornelles Callegaro Higashi ◽

Andrea Moreira Arrué ◽

Diúlia Calegari de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

First Year ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Skin Allergy ◽

First Year Of Life

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the factors associated with the development of skin allergies in the first year of life in moderate and late preterm infants. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with 151 moderate and late preterm infants, born between May 2016 and May 2017. Participants were evaluated in the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months of life, in telephone interviews. Statistical analyzes were performed in the SPSS software with frequency comparison tests and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of skin allergy, in the perception of caregivers, among late and moderate preterm infants was 16%. Factors such as being admitted to neonatal intensive care (p = 0.006) and not being breastfed (p = 0.041) showed a significant association with the development of skin allergies in the 3rd and 12th months of life, respectively. Conclusion: Skin allergy, in the perception of caregivers, is more severe in newborn infants who have clinical respiratory and gastrointestinal manifestations, be it conditioning or cause-effect. Breastfeeding proved to be a protective factor in the first year of life.

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