A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF PREGNANCY AND ITS OUTCOME WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS AND POLYHYDRAMNIOS AT JLNMCH, BHAGALPUR, BIHAR

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Anshu Anshu ◽  
Usha Kumari ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Fetal Surveillance

Background: The importance of amniotic uid volume as an indicator of fetal wellbeing has made its assessment an important part of antenatal fetal surveillance, also the level of amniotic uid affect the fetal well being so the present study was conducted to study the pregnancy and its outcome with special reference to oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios. Methodology: We studied 200 clinically suspected cases of oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios of more than 28 weeks of gestational age at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College & Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar. All these clinically suspected patients were further examined by ultrasonography for fetal surveillance, AFI calculation and conrmation of amniotic uid level abnormality. Result: The study revealed that predisposing factors and complications associated with oligohydramnios were – post term pregnancies, PROM, PIH, chronic abruption placentae while for polyhydramnios they were preeclampsia, PROM, preterm labour, abruption placentae, malpresentation. There were no maternal high risk factors seen in oligohydramnios but polyhydramnios was observed with anemia, Rh factor incompatibility, PIH, gestational diabetes mellitus and multifetal gestation. The proportion of C-section for fetal distress was higher in oligohydramnios. Conclusion: We concluded from this study that there were many predisposing factors for both oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios they should be addressed judiciously to reduce their higher proportion. Hence it is essential to evaluate amniotic uid volume during ante partum fetal surveillance, while maternal examination should look for high risk factors to avoid untoward complications beforehand. Thus management of women with oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios should be indivisualised with careful monitoring during labour, judicious and active intervention timely gives margin of safety

scholarly journals Risk factors of hyperuricemia calculated by random forest machine learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Gao ◽  
Shichong Jia ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Zhaowei Meng ◽  
Mei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to develop a random forest (RF) based prediction model for hyperuricemia (HUA) and estimate associated risk factors. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 91,690 participants (52,607 males, 39,083 females). The prediction models were derived from training sets using RF learning machine. Performances of the prediction model were evaluated in validation datasets. Significant indicators were produced after comparing between true positive set and true negative set. Odds ratio was calculated by binary logistic regression models. Results The area under the receiver-operating curve was 0.732 in males and 0.837 in females in the RF prediction models. The sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value of the models were 0.686, 0.656 and 0.882 in males, 0.786, 0.738 and 0.978 in females, respectively. According to the feature value of each index in RF, a total of 10 explanatory variables were selected for each gender. Triglyceride, creatinine, body mass index, waist circumference, alanine transaminase, age, weight and total cholesterol were high-risk factors for HUA in both genders. Conclusion RF demonstrated good stability and strong predictive power in predicting HUA in Chinese population. People with high risk factors should be encouraged to actively control the above factors to reduce the probability of developing HUA.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Comorbidities of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk Among a Working Population in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husain Al-Qattan ◽  
Hamad Al-Omairah ◽  
Khaled Al-Hashash ◽  
Fahad Al-Mutairi ◽  
Mohammad Al-Mutairat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects a considerable proportion of adults globally and is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. Given the lack of epidemiologic data on the burden of OSA in Kuwait, this study sought to estimate its prevalence, associated risk factors, and comorbid conditions among a working population in Kuwait.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of working adults (n = 651) from public institutions in Kuwait. High/low risk for OSA was ascertained according to the Berlin Questionnaire criteria. Participants self-reported their coexisting health conditions. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation; adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated.Results: Overall, 20.0% (130/651) of participants were classified as being at high risk for OSA, with more male than female subjects being at high risk (24.0% [56/233] vs. 17.7% [74/418], P = 0.053), though this difference did not gain statistical significance. Moreover, a high risk for OSA was more common among older and obese subjects. Factors associated with increased prevalence of a high risk for OSA included current smoking status (aPR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.02–2.06), longer hours spent watching television (1.76, 1.10–2.81), and lower self-perceived physical health (2.11, 1.15–3.87). However, decreasing trends in the prevalence of high risk for OSA were observed with frequent engagement in vigorous physical activity and longer nightly sleep duration. Compared to those at a low risk for OSA, the subjects at high risk for OSA were more likely to have insomnia disorder (2.83, 1.81–4.41), diabetes (1.94, 1.15–3.27), hypertension (3.00, 1.75–5.16), and depression (4.47, 1.80–11.08).Conclusion: This study estimated that 1/5 of working adults in Kuwait were at high risk for OSA, and the prevalence varied according to personal characteristics and lifestyle factors. Also, a high risk for OSA classification was associated with multiple comorbid health conditions.

Sexual behaviour of inmates with Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the prisons of Catalonia, Spain

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelin L. Corbeto ◽  
Dolors Carnicer-Pont ◽  
Rossie Lugo ◽  
Victoria Gonzalez ◽  
Elisabet Bascuñana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Objective To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and high risk factors for acquisition in preventive prisoners in Catalonia. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 478 prisoners aged between 18 and 35 years was analysed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect behavioural data. Significant differences were analysed in the descriptive study using Pearson’s χ2. The association between CT and its determinants was analysed using the Mantel–Haenszel test and a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The overall prevalence of CT was 5.4%. The independent risk factors for infection by CT were as follows: foreign origin, having had concurrent sexual partners, and alcohol consumption. Conclusions: This is the first study performed in prisons of Catalonia that shows the prevalence of CT in young prisoners. The high mobility of young detainees could explain the similarity in prevalence obtained about young people in Catalonia. Systematic monitoring of CT infection in young preventive prisoners is important in order to prevent further problems in themselves and in the general population, since they become a ‘bridge population’ in sexually transmissible infection spreading.

Spiritual health: is it a determinant factor for preventing risky behaviors among university students?

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Ghonchepour ◽  
Mostafa Sohrabi ◽  
Zakiyeh Golestani ◽  
Fereshteh Biabanaki ◽  
Mahlagha Dehghan
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
University Students ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Behaviors

Abstract Background The most common high-risk behaviors that have profound and adverse effects on the health of the community take place in the university environment. Nowadays, the necessity of exploring ways to correct and reduce the high-risk behaviors requires identification of its determinant factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the correlation between spiritual health and high-risk behaviors among university students in the southeast of Iran in 2017–2018. Method This survey was a cross-sectional study. The population was all students studying at three central Universities in Kerman. Eight hundred and four students participated in the survey using a quota sampling method. The research instrument was a demographic questionnaire and the 20-item spiritual well-being Palutzian and Ellison scale and the Iranian Adolescent Riskiness Scale (IARS), which includes 39 items for high-risk behaviors. Results The mean total score of high-risk behaviors was 79.16 ± 24.6 which was lower than the median (117). The spiritual health of the majority of subjects (66.7%) was moderate with an average of 90.65 ± 16.64. There was a significant negative correlation between the students’ spiritual health and their high-risk behaviors. Conclusion It is necessary and essential to plan and implement spiritual-based interventions to reduce the incidence of high-risk behaviors.

scholarly journals A Clinical Study of Secondary Glaucoma with Special Reference to Its Proportion, Causes and Its Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Partha Chakma ◽  
Debal Kisor Pal ◽  
Amar Kanti Chakma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause

BACKGROUND Secondary glaucoma is an anatomically identifiable abnormality which in turn is an underlying cause of the events that lead to aqueous outflow obstruction and rise in the intraocular pressure. This prospective study mainly highlights the secondary glaucoma with special reference to its proportion, causes and its risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS This study was a cross sectional study. Patients, who attended the Department of Ophthalmology after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria diagnosed with secondary glaucoma, were included in the study. The study period was from February 2018 to June 2020. A standard form was filled up for each patient documenting parameters and findings of various examinations and was evaluated as per protocol. RESULTS Secondary glaucoma was seen in 0.2 % patients who visited during the study period. Out of 106 patients, males were 50, females were 56, with a male: female ratio of 1:1.1. The most common cause of secondary glaucoma was lens induced glaucoma seen in 44.34 % followed by uveitic glaucoma in 20.8 % cases, traumatic 17.9 %, neovascular 10.4 %, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma 2.8 %, pigmentary glaucoma 1.9 %, silicon oil induced 0.9 %, and uveitis-glaucomahyphema syndrome in 0.9 % cases. Around thirty five percent (34.9 %) cases presented with sudden onset of painful diminution of vision with nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSIONS Secondary glaucoma is still one of the prevalent diseases in this part of country. Lens induced glaucoma is still the most common cause of secondary glaucoma. Hypermature cataract, uveitis, trauma and neovascularisation are the different risk factors. KEYWORDS Secondary Glaucoma, Lens Induced Glaucoma, Phacomorphic Glaucoma, Uveitic Glaucoma

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Quzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zian Cheng ◽  
Xianchen Jiang ◽  
Weifen Zhu ◽  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Xiaofang Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
High Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives To assess the prevalence and risk factors for fundus status among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using fundus screening in four towns of Quzhou city, Zhejiang province of China. Methods This cross-sectional study included 230 T2DM patients of four towns in Quzhou city, Zhejiang province of China. Participants were examined for the diabetes related fundus abnormalities and possible risk factors. Results Almost half of the T2DM patients (53.04%) reported with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Patients with diabetic retinopathy had longer duration of diabetes (P < 0.001) and higher HbA1c (P < 0.01). Risk factors for development of diabetic retinopathy included duration of diabetes and HbA1c. The prevalence of DR increased with the prolongation of the disease duration. The prevalence of DR was 28.79% in the group of disease duration < 5 years, 46.25% in the group of disease duration 5–10 years, 72.92% in the group of disease duration 10–15 years and 88.57% in the group of disease duration ≥ 15 years. What’s more, the prevalence of DR also increased with the increment of HbA1c levels. The prevalence of DR was 44.62% in the group of HbA1c < 7%, 53.13% in the group of HbA1c 7%-8%, 62.92% in the group of HbA1c ≥ 8%. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was disturbingly high. Risk factors for DR were similar to other studies and included duration of diabetes and HbA1c. Thus, good glycemic control remains the core foundation of managing DR.

scholarly journals Stroke risk and its association with quality of life: a cross-sectional study among Chinese urban adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiqing Yao ◽  
Juhua Zhang ◽  
Yanmei Wang ◽  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Most stroke risk studies focused on more established biological and pathophysiological risk factors such as hypertension and smoking, psychosocial factors such as quality of life are often under-investigated and thus less reported. The current study aims to estimate stroke risk and explore the impact of quality of life on stroke risk among a community sample of urban residents in Shanghai. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fengxian District of Shanghai City from December 2018 to April 2019. 4030 representative participants were recruited through a multistage, stratified, probability proportional to size sampling method and completed the study. Stroke risk was assessed using the Rapid Stroke Risk Screening Chart that included 8 risk factors for stroke. Quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Results One-third of residents were at risk for stroke, including 14.39% at high risk, and 18.68% at middle risk. The top three most commonly reported risk factors were physical inactivity (37.30%), hypertension (25.38%), and smoking (17.32%). Quality of life and its four domains were all independently and significantly associated with stroke risk. Multinominal logistic regressions showed that a one-unit increase in the quality of life was associated with a decreased relative risk for middle-risk relative to low-risk of stroke by a factor of 0.988 (95% CI:0.979, 0.997, P = 0.007), and a decreased relative risk for high-risk relative to low-risk of stroke by a factor of 0.975 (95% CI:0.966, 0.984, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings showed an alarmingly high prevalence of stroke risk among the sample, which may require future intervention programs to focus on improving both biological and behavioral risk factors such as increasing physical activity, early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, and smoking cessation, as well as improving psychosocial factors such as quality of life.

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