scholarly journals The Effect of Natural Factors on the Cultivation and Production of Sesame Crop in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Kawthar Nasser Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Surface Water Resource ◽  
Dune Soil

Sesame crop, one of the very important oily, industrial, and summer crops that is economically important, has been investigated. The plantation and production of this crop has been studied in Al-Qadisiyah governorate during 2003-218. This is because this governorate is well-known by sesame plantation. Such a study helps to know the geographical distribution of sesame agricultural season in 2017-2018, and explore the most important natural factors that affect its plantation. Different research approaches have been adopted based on that facts that need to be met. A field study approach has been used in studying sesame crop descriptively and conceptually, shedding light on its nutritional and economic importance. Moreover, a descriptive comparative approach has been adopted when studying the geographical factors to know about the factors that affect its plantation and production in the area in question. Results have shown that climatic conditions of the area is suitable for its plantation and production. However, the soils of Al-Qadisiyah are of various categories. The best category is the riverbank soil, then comes river basin soil, and the depression soil of poor drainage. The latter has been invested after reclaiming it through planting the rice crop. Another type of soil is the sand dune soil which is unsuitable for agricultural production. Another type is the gypsum desert soil, which is agriculturally poor. Results have further revealed that rivers are considered the main surface water resource in the irrigation process as represented by the Euphrates Riverand its branches within the governorate. This is due to the lack of rain and its fluctuation. 

scholarly journals Determining the Socio-Economic Importance of Saffron as an Alternative Product to Opium Production in Afghanistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Adem Aksoy ◽  
Aziz Ahmad Arsalan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Alternative Product ◽  
Opium Production ◽  
Market Instability ◽  
Farmer Income

The objective of this work is to determine the socio-economic importance of saffron production as an alternative to opium production in Afghanistan, and to determine if saffron production could influence farmers’ incomes. The primary data for the survey was obtained via direct interviews with farmers of 4 saffron leader districts in Herat, where 95% Saffron production was noted during 2016-2017. Factor analysis was used to determine the factors that influence saffron producers. Cluster analysis was used further, to separate farmer income groups. According to the first cluster, the most important factors affecting agricultural production were: negative climatic conditions while market instability was the second factor. Saffron producers’ annual average yield is 6.6 kg/ha in results that showed that if opium production is permitted, saffron farmers would produce opium due to the high revenue associated with opium production in Afghanistan.

Features of Water Function Zoning of the Surface Water in Sichuan Province

2015 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Rui Kun Cai ◽  
Fu Quan Ni ◽  
Yu Deng
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Agricultural Wastewater ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration

In this study, based on the water function zoning and the related analyses on the current situations and tendency of the pollutions on water environments in Sichuan province, concluded that the primary cause responsible for the deterioration of water resources is the discharge of agriculture wastewater, and the strengthening of agricultural production management as well as the reduction of the agricultural wastewater discharge are the key points to alleviate the water-quality deterioration.

scholarly journals Investigation of pesticide residues in surface water in some areas of agricultural production at Ho Chi Minh city

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
Phu Ly Sy Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Duc Do ◽  
Hien Thi To
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Residual levels of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in surface water in some agricultural areas at Ho Chi Minh City were investigated in 2012. Four organophosphorus pesticides including Malathion, Parathion, Ethion and Trithion and seven organochlorine pesticides including Alpha - HCH, beta-HCH, gammaHCH, aldrin, Heptachlor – epoxide, AlphaEndosulfan and Endosulfan-sulfate were determined in the surface water in four dicstricts : Binh Chanh, Hoc Mon, Cu Chi and Binh Tan using gas chromatographic method with electron capture detector (GCECD). The results showed that residues of pesticide were found with high concentrations in surface water in agricultural areas and pesticide residues changed depending on growth stages of crops. The concentration and distribution of pesticides were different in the water samples at different sites. Residues of pesticides such as Parathion, Ethion and Trithion were detected in surface water although these chemicals had been banned.

scholarly journals Influence of Mineral Fertilization and Liming on Maize Production on Argic Chernozem in the Burnas Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Anca-Luiza Stănilă
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Advanced Degree ◽  
Mineralization Process ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Medium Permeability

In order to elucidate some aspects regarding the content of nutrients in the soil or humus, the bioaccumulation and mineralization process of organic matter and correction of the soils reaction in the experimental field, within the agricultural holding SC Orhideea SRL Plopsoru, Locality Daia, Giurgiu County, research has been done with chemical fertilizers with NPK and liming - Ca(OH)2 on argic chernozem in maize culture from the Burnas Plain in different doses.Obtaining appropriate agricultural production on argic chernozems is limited by a number of factors such as relief, clay loam, low-medium permeability just below the plowed horizon advanced degree of soil compaction, located between 20-35 cm from the surface (plow sole) and climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact Statement on Kolleru Lake Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2509-2512
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The Impact

Catchments are most important for the purpose of practicing irrigation and recharging groundwater by collecting water during the rainy season so that the nearby land will be in surplus quantity of groundwater due to the continues percolation of water from the catchments, even the stored water in the form of catchments will be used as an alternative water source for other requirements apart from the irrigation practices such as for industries and other developmental activities taking place nearby the catchments. Year by year it was noticed that in the world scenario the pollutant concentration is keep on increasing especially water and air pollution due to the excessive load of population that is increasing from the rural to urban areas [10]. Coming to water pollution the major portion of pollution is increasing in the surface water bodies [4] due to various activities like surface runoff, intentionally releasing of untreated effluents from the nearby industries into the catchments [8] and the agricultural runoff etc, whatever the reason there is an immediate need and an emergency to monitor these catchments as the average rainfall is gradually decreasing due to the changing climatic conditions like global warming which leads to the reduced availability of water in the surface water bodies at the other side the existing water is being contaminated [5] by the activities of nearby people. The impact will be severe when the same situation continues in the days to come where the living standards of the people will be decreased at a notable level and the impact will be much more severe on the irrigated land which depends on the catchments. The study has done at Kolleru Lake in west godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. Collected Six Water samples from six locations around the lake for analysis [7] and then the results of the analysis compared with Central Pollution Control Board 1979and Indian standards 1982 guidelines for water in the surface water bodies to find out the present scenario of lake water.

scholarly journals Proses Pengembangan Social Enterprise Agriculture: Studi Biografi Pada Agradaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Karlin Maulinda
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Selection Of

Social entrepreneurship in Indonesia is growing rapidly today. Social entrepreneurship is an alternative solution in the social solution of society with entrepreneurship. One of the social entrepreneurship organizations in Yogyakarta is Agradaya which is engaged in agriculture. Agradaya is optimizing agricultural production. This study identifies the process of social entrepreneurship using the concepts of Perrini and Vurro. The method used in this study is a qualitative biography study approach that expresses the experiences of attracting actors in the process of developing social entrepreneurship. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interviews, and document search. The selection of informants is purposive which directly leads to goals. In this study the focus was on the two founders of Agradaya, Andhika and Asri. Supporting informants consist of farmers who are members of a women's farmer group (KWT) Menoreh guided by Agradaya. Data analysis is done by categorizing data, describing, and data presented in the form of narrative stories along with graphics, schemes, and drawings, then draw conclusions. The results obtained in this study are that Agradaya starts the practice of social entrepreneurship directly as a social enterprise. The results of the research show that in the process of development Agradaya approaches farmers and collaborates. There is encouragement from each of the founders to solve social problems in agriculture by conducting natural agricultural education, land management, educating the use of solar dryer technology in the process of adding value to the sale price, as well as open access to information and markets for farmers.

Limitations and Impacts of Agricultural Production on the Savanna Belt: the Nigerian Case

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chijioke C. Onyebuchi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
Nigerian Savanna

It is not enough simply to identify the limiting factors to agricultural production, supply the appropriate inputs and then expect to be able to meet food demands. It is essential also to protect the environment in which food is grown, especially in areas of fragile ecosystems and harsh climatic conditions, in order to ensure both increased production and stability of the production base. In the Nigerian savanna belt, traditional and mechanized large-scale farming systems are both practised, and they combine with unfavourable climatic conditions to exert a strong negative impact on the environment. Here, these interactions are examined and the case is made for incorporating fundamental ecological principles and concepts of sustainability into farming systems, in Nigeria and elsewhere.

Transformations and nitrate sources in an agricultural watershed(Quanshui River, China): An investigation using hydrogeochemistry, isotopes, and a Bayesian model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingda Cao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Transformation Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Sources ◽  
The Difference

<p>The spatiotemporal changes of nitrate in agricultural watersheds are of global concern. Although numerous studies have explained the source and transformation mechanism of nitrate in groundwater and surface water, the transformation mechanism in groundwater remains poorly understood because of different hydrogeological and climatic conditions. Based on a field investigation and sampling, this study revealed the sources and transformation mechanism of nitrogen in surface water and groundwater in a karst agricultural watershed by comprehensively using water chemistry data, isotope components, and a Bayesian model (simmr). The results indicated that:1)Local agricultural activities have controlled the changes of δ<sup>15</sup>N-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, δ<sup>18</sup>O-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and δ<sup>15</sup>N-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> in groundwater. The difference is that the concentration of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> is significantly affected by rainfall. However, the contribution of rainfall to groundwater NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> is relatively small (<9%), indicating that there is a dual influence mechanism of leaching in the watershed that controls the concentration of groundwater NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, while agricultural activities control its isotope changes;2)The study observed that after fertilization, due to the influence of ammonia volatilization and nitrification, δ<sup>15</sup>N-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, δ<sup>18</sup>O-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> in groundwater showed a simultaneous decrease, while δ<sup>15</sup>N-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> showed an increasing trend, which may be due to the result of incomplete nitration of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> in the vadose zone;3)According to the calculation results of the simmr model, in the two main fertilization periods in October 2018 and April 2019, the contribution of chemical fertilizers to groundwater NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>reached the peak value(65% and 69%), which is in line with the seasonal variations of δ<sup>15</sup>N-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, δ<sup>18</sup>O-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>and δ<sup>15</sup>N-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>;4)The surface water in the watershed is mainly supplied by groundwater, and the contribution of chemical fertilizers to surface water NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> is generally higher than that of groundwater. This may be caused by the drainage of rice fields containing chemical fertilizers into the river.</p>

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