scholarly journals Comparative study of genetic diversity using RAPD markers in Salvia (Lamiaceae)

Caryologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid KHAYYATNEZHAD ◽  
Sayed Afzal Shah2
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
The World ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
High Degree

Salvia has a high degree of environmental compatibility and is widespread around the world, especially in tropical and temperate regions. It is represented by 61 species in Iran including 19 endemic species. Salvia species are mostly shrubs or subshrubs, occasionally herbs, typically perennial, sometimes biennial or annual, and often aromatic. The genus has high medicinal, commercial and horticultural value. It is the largest and one of the taxonomically complicated genus of Lamiaceae. To determine the genetic diversity and understand the species’ limits within the Iranian Salvia, we produced both morphological and molecular data using 145 randomly collected plants representing 30 species from 18 provinces of Iran. A total of 107 reproducible bands were generated by 10 of 25 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, with an average of 10.7 bands/primer and 44% polymorphism. Largest number of effective alleles (Ne), genetic diversity (H), and Shannon Index (I) were shown by S. reuterana. Our data depicted highest similarity between S. suffruticosa and S. hydrangea and lowest between S. aristata and S. oligphylla. Salvia limbata showed relatively low level of genetic variation. Finally, the Neighbor Joining (NJ) trees based on RAPD markers data divided the populations into two different clusters, indicating their genetic difference which is discussed in details.

scholarly journals RAPD profiling in detecting genetic variation in Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae)

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-362
Author(s):  
Xiaobang Peng ◽  
Majid Khayyatnezhad ◽  
Leila Ghezeljehmeidan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Main Center

Stellaria species are common herbs, preferred humid mountainously slopes, but some grew in desert. Main center of diversification for Stellaria is Eurasia, with a center of distribution in the mountains of central Asia. Some species are also cosmopolitan. It is represented by 9 species in Iran. The genus has high medicinal value. To determine the genetic diversity and understand the species? limits within the Iranian Stellaria, we produced molecular data using 139 randomly collected plants representing 8 species from five provinces of Iran. A total of 122 reproducible bands were generated by 10 of 25 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, with an average of 12.2 bands/primer and 33% polymorphism. Largest number of effective alleles (Ne), genetic diversity (H), and Shannon Index (I) were shown by S. media. Our data depicted highest similarity between S. media and S. pallida and lowest between S. media and S. graminea. S. pallida showed relatively low level of genetic variation. Finally, the Neighbor Joining (NJ) trees based on RAPD markers data divided the populations into two different clusters, indicating their genetic difference which is discussed in details.

scholarly journals Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA Analysis for Genetic Characterization of Two Breeds of Dogs, German Shepherd and Japanese Spitz

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Jarina Joshsi ◽  
Lumanti Manandhar ◽  
Patima Shrestha ◽  
Rani Gupta ◽  
Rojlina Manadhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Random Amplification

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study genetic diversity in dog samples belonging to populations of German Shepherd and Japanese Spitz. A total of twelve samples were typed using eight RAPD primers. Out of eight primers, three primers gave result in six individuals of dogs. The phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor joining method based on Nei. Original measures revealed highest genetic identity found in German Shepherd as 0.9444 and highest genetic distance as 1.2809. The analysis predicts the number of polymorphic loci as 15 and the percentage of polymorphic loci as 83.3. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 73-78 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7717

scholarly journals Description and analysis of genetic diversity among squash accessions

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios L. Tsivelikas ◽  
Olga Koutita ◽  
Anastasia Anastasiadou ◽  
George N. Skaracis ◽  
Ekaterini Traka-Mavrona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group

In this work, the part of the squash core collection, maintained in the Greek Gene Bank, was assessed using the morphological and molecular data. Sixteen incompletely classified accessions of the squash were characterized along with an evaluation of their resistance against two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum. A molecular analysis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers was also performed, revealing high level of polymorphism. To study the genetic diversity among the squash accessions, a clustering procedure using Unweighed Pair Group Method and Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) algorithm was also adopted. Two independent dendrograms, one for the morphophysiological and one for molecular data were obtained, classifying the accessions into two and three main clusters, respectively. Despite the different number of the clusters there were many similarities between these two dendrograms, and a third dendrogram resulting from their combination was also produced, based on Gower's distance and UPGMA clustering algorithm. In order to determine the optimal number of clusters, the upper tail approach was applied. The more reliable clustering of the accessions was accomplished using RAPD markers as well as the combination of the two different data sets, classifying the accessions into three significantly different groups. These groups corresponded to the three different cultivated species of C. maxima Duch., C. moschata Duch., and C. pepo L. The same results were also obtained using Principal Component Analysis.

scholarly journals Gene flow and genetic structure between populations of Hesperis L. (Brassicaceae) species using molecular markers

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 769-782
Author(s):  
Kuanhong Meng ◽  
Jia Yao ◽  
Cong He ◽  
Heravi Morabbi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brassicaceae Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Dna Primers

Genetic variability and populations, structure were studied in seven geographical populations of Hesperis L. Genetic diversity parameters were determined in these populations. 5 of 10 random amplified polymorphic DNA primers produced 62 reproducible bands with average of 7.1 bands per primer and 55% of polymorphism. Hesperis hyrcana showed the highest number of effective allele (Ne), Shannon index (I) and genetic diversity (H). The highest values of genetic diversity were obtained in Hesperis hyrcana. NJ trees grouped the populations in two different clusters/groups, indicating their genetic difference which is discussed in details. The results of this study showed that the level of genetic variation in Hesperis is relatively high. NJ-based dendrogram showed a close relationship between members of Hesperis straussii and Hesperis hyrcana while the Hesperis luristanica protected population differ the most from the other populations. Principal component analysis, however, showed some minor differences with NJ-based dendrograms.

scholarly journals 677 PB 183 IDENTIFICATION OF OLIVE (Olea europaea L.) CULTIVARS WITH RAPD MARKERS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 529g-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fabbri ◽  
J.I. Hormaza ◽  
V.S. Polito
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Early Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Olea Europea ◽  
Table Olive ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
High Degree

We have been screening olive (Olea europea L.) cultivars using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. We examined 23 olive cultivars selected to represent the important olive-growing regions of the world. These include oil and table olive cultivars originating from throughout the Mediterranean area. A high degree of polymorphisms is evident in the olive germplasm we examined. Early results indicate that polymorphisms that exist within the species are sufficient to enable efficient development of RAPD markers for distinguishing olive cultivars.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity within the Merodon ruficornis species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) by RAPD analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrijana Andric ◽  
Natasa Kocis-Tubic ◽  
Mihajla Djan ◽  
Ante Vujic ◽  
Dragana Obreht-Vidakovic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

As one of the most distinct groups in the hoverfly genus Merodon, the monophyletic ruficornis species group has been the focus of several studies using different approaches. Molecular methods have shown incongruences between morphological and molecular data. In the present study, we investigated four species of the Merodon ruficornis group (i.e. M. loewi, M. armipes, M. papillus and M. hoplitis) with the aim of detecting intra- and interspecific genetic diversity, and we examined the usefulness of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in an integrative taxonomic approach to species delimitation. Analysis of Nei?s genetic variation over all loci showed that genetic diversity for the analyzed Merodon species was h=0.24. Based on UPGMA, PCoA and Bayesian clustering analyses, our results clearly differentiated four groups that correspond to the four morphologically-defined Merodon species. Among the analyzed species, M. armipes and M. hoplitis showed the lowest level of genetic divergence; M. loewi was clearly separated from both M. armipes and M. papillus. Based on our data, we propose the use of RAPD-PCR as an additional tool for resolving taxonomic problems within Merodon.

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization and Relationships of Turkish Local Eggplant Heirlooms

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Filiz BOYACI ◽  
Volkan TOPCU ◽  
Akin TEPE ◽  
Isilay Karasahin YILDIRIM ◽  
Mehmet OTEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Good Source ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Local Genotypes ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

A total of 38 eggplant genotypes, of which 32 were heirloom accessions collected from different regions of Burdur province five were different local genotypes from other provinces, and one was a cultivar, were used as reference in this study. The phylogenetic relationships among these heirlooms were evaluated using 40 morphologic descriptors and five randomly amplified polymorphic RAPD markers. The horizontal dendrograms were created by using UPGMA with both morphologic and molecular data. Burdur heirloom accessions showed high genetic diversity based on morphological and molecular data. The genetic similarity rates ranged from 0.29 to 0.91 according to the morphological data, and ranged from 0.84 to 0.98 according to the molecular data. Molecular data generated by RAPD method, compared to morphological data, were insufficient to reveal genetic diversity. Therefore, in order to confirm genetic variations, studies based on other molecular methods are necessary. The regional genetic populations include a wide eggplant genetic diversity which can be good source for the breeding studies performed in the future.

Genetic Diversity of Basil (Ocimum spp. - Lamiaceae) Based on RAPD Markers and Volatile Oil Constituents

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 492f-493
Author(s):  
Roberto F. Vieira ◽  
James E. Simon ◽  
Peter Goldsbrough ◽  
Antonio Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Essential oils extracted from basil (Ocimum spp.) by steam distillation are used to flavor foods, oral products, in fragrances, and in traditional medicines. The genus Ocimum contains around 30 species native to the tropics and subtropics, with some species naturalized and/or cultivated in temperate areas. Interand intraspecific hybridization have created significant confusion in the botanical systematics of this genus. Taxonomy of basil (O. basilicum) is also complicated by the existence of numerous varieties, cultivars, and chemotypes within the species that do not differ significantly in morphology. In this study we are using RAPD markers and volatile oil composition to characterize the genetic diversity among the most economically important Ocimum species. We hypothesize that the genetic similarity revealed by molecular markers will more accurately reflect the morphological and chemical differences in Ocimum than essential oil composition per se. Preliminary research using five Ocimum species, four undetermined species, and eight varieties of O. basilicum (a total of 19 accessions) generated 107 polymorphic fragments amplified with 19 primers. RAPDs are able to discriminate between Ocimum species, but show a high degree of similarity between O. basilicum varieties. The genetic distance between nine species and among 55 accessions within the species O. americanum, O. basilicum, O. campechianum, O. × citriodorum, O. gratissimum, O. kilimandscharium, O. minimum, O. selloi, and O. tenuiflorum will be analyzed by matrix of similarity and compared to the volatile oil profile. This research will for the first time apply molecular markers to characterize the genetic diversity of Ocimum associate with volatile oil constituent.

Genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) germplasm revealed by RAPD markers

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
H I Amadou ◽  
P J Bebeli ◽  
P J Kaltsikes
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) germplasm using 25 African accessions from the collection in the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria. Fifty random decamer primers were screened to assess their ability to detect polymorphism in bambara; 17 of them were selected for this study. Considerable genetic diversity was found among the V. subterranea accessions studied. The relationships among the 25 accessions were studied by cluster analysis. The dendrograms showed two main groups of accessions mainly along the lines of their geographic origin. It is concluded that RAPD can be used for germplasm classification in bambara groundnut and hence for improving this crop.Key words: germplasm, PCR, RAPD, Vigna subterranea.

Detection of genetic diversity in tea (Camellia sinensis) using RAPD markers

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. N. Wachira ◽  
R. Waugh ◽  
W. Powell ◽  
C. A. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Tree Crop ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships

Camellia sinensis is a beverage tree crop native to Southeast Asia and introductions have been made into several nonindigenous countries. No systematic assessment of genetic variability in tea has been done anywhere. In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to estimate genetic diversity and taxonomic relationships in 38 clones belonging to the three tea varieties, assamica, sinensis, and assamica ssp. lasiocalyx. Extensive genetic variability was detected between species, which was partitioned into between and within population components. Seventy percent of the variation was detected within populations. Analyses based on band sharing separated the three populations in a manner consistent with both the present taxonomy of tea and with the known pedigrees of some clones. RAPD analysis also discriminated all of the 38 commercial clones, even those which cannot be distinguished on the basis of morphological and phenotypic traits.Key words: genetic diversity, RAPDs, Camellia sinensis.

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