Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Phytochemical Analysis of Moringa Oleifera Methanol, Ethanol, Water and Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Objectives: In this study, systematic pharmacognostic study and preliminary phytochemical screening of the bark of Cascabela thevetia L. were carried out. Methods: The selected plant part was collected, processed and stored in an airtight container. From the bark different pharmacognostic studies like macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, physicochemical parameters, fluorescence analysis were done. Powdered bark was successively extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus and finally macerated with the hydro-alcoholic solvent system (30:70). The preliminary phytochemical analysis and thin layer chromatography of the extracts were done to find the nature and number of the different phytoconstituents present. Results: Transverse microscopy reveals the presence of crystal oxalate, cork cell, starch granules, vascular bundle, phloem fiber, parenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells. Powder microscopy also showed the presence of cork cell, fiber and calcium oxalate crystal. Results obtained in different physicochemical analysis like total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, alcohol-soluble extractive, water-soluble extractive, and moisture content were 8.67%, 0.83%, 5.33%, 4.53%, 12.27%, and 7.83% respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, phytosterol, tannin, saponin, anthraquinone, carbohydrate and fatty acid in the different extracts. TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) study revealed 4 spots in petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts and 3 spots in the Hydro-alcoholic extract with different solvent systems. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study will provide a reliable basis for identification, purity, and quality of the plant.

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Profil Fitokimia Ekstrak Etil Asetat Temu Kunci (Boesenbergia rotunda L.) dan Serai (Cymbopogon citratus)

Jurnal Pharmascience ◽

10.20527/jps.v8i1.9725 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Muhammad Priyadi ◽

Nurul Chusna ◽

Isnawati Isnawati ◽

Opi Indriani

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Color Reagent ◽

Qualitative Test ◽

Boesenbergia Rotunda ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Senyawa bahan alam yang terdapat pada tanaman memiliki banyak khasiat bagi kesehatan yang telah dibuktikan melalui pengobatan tradisional secara empiris. Identifikasi senyawa kimia sangat penting untuk mengetahui kemungkinan adanya senyawa yang dapat memiliki aktivitas farmakologi. Tanaman yang telah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat termasuk pengobatan adalah temu kunci (Boesenbergia rotunda L.) dan serai (Cymbopogon citratus). Temu kunci dan serai diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Uji fitokimia pada ekstrak etil asetat temu kunci dan serai dilakukan dengan uji kualitatif pereaksi warna dan pengendapan serta kromatografi lapis tipis untuk melihat gambaran pemisahan senyawa kimia yang terkandung. Ekstrak etil asetat temu kunci dan serai mengandung senyawa golongan alkaloid, terpenoid, flavonoid, fenol, dan kuinon. Senyawa pada temu kunci dan serai dapat dipisahkan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis dengan fase gerak etil asetat : n-heksan (8:2). Kata Kunci: Fitokimia, Temu Kunci, Serai, Ekstrak Etil Asetat, Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Natural compounds found in plants have many health benefits that have been proven through empirically traditional medicine. Identification of chemical compounds is very important to determine the possibility of compounds having pharmacological activity. Plants that have been widely used by the community, including medicinal plants, are Temu Kunci (Boesenbergia rotunda L.) and serai or lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). Temu Kunci and lemongrass were extracted using ethyl acetate as a solvent. Phytochemical test on ethyl acetate extract of temu Kunci and lemongrass was carried out by qualitative test using color reagent and deposition and thin layer chromatography to see the description of the separation of the chemical compounds contained. Temu Kunci and lemongrass ethyl acetate extracts contain alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, and quinones. Compounds in Temu Kunci and lemongrass can be separated using thin layer chromatography with ethyl acetate: n-hexane (8: 2) as mobile phase.

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Direct Fluorescent Detection of Organothiophosphorus Pesticides and Some of Their Sulfur-containing Breakdown Products After Thin Layer Chromatography

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/50.5.1088 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 1088-1098

Author(s):

Mohamed Tawfik H Ragab

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Ultraviolet Light ◽

Congo Red ◽

Fluorescent Detection ◽

Bromine Vapor ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Sulfur Containing ◽

Dark Blue

Abstract A rapid, simple, convenient, and widely applicable method for the direct fluorescent detection of organothiophosphorus pesticides and some postulated breakdown products of these compounds is presented. The coinpounds were spotted on thin layer chromatographic sheets, developed in ethyl acetate :nhexane, and made visible by exposure to bromine vapor followed by spraying with ferric chloride and 2-(o-hydroxy phenyl) benzoxazole. Of the 47 compounds tested, 32 compounds produced fluorescent blue spots vinder longwave ultraviolet light; these consisted of 25 organothiophosphorus pesticides, 5 sulfur-containing breakdown products, and phosphoric and hypophosphorous acids. A superimposed Congo red spray destroyed the fluorescence and resulted in dark blue spots against a red backgrovind. The sensitivity of this method is in the range of 0.2 to 5.0 μg, depending on the specific compound.

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Phytochemical analysis and simultaneous quantification of solasodine and diosgenin content in different parts of Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. & Wendl. by a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography method

JPC - Journal of Planar Chromatography - Modern TLC ◽

10.1007/s00764-021-00088-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 95-102

Author(s):

Mridul Kant Chaudhary ◽

Ankita Misra ◽

Sharad Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

Simultaneous Quantification ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography Method ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Solanum Xanthocarpum ◽

Different Parts

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DETERMINATION BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF URINARY HOMOVANILLIC ACID IN NORMAL AND DISEASE STATES

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/y63-158 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 1381-1388 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Irwin Sankoff ◽

T. L. Sourkes

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Homovanillic Acid ◽

Hepatolenticular Degeneration ◽

Huntington's Chorea ◽

Disease States ◽

Acetic Acid Water ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Phenol Reagent ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

A rapid method using thin-layer chromatography has been developed to measure urinary HVA (homovanillic acid). Ethyl acetate extracts of urine are chromatographed on glass plates coated with silica gel. The solvent used is the organic phase of benzene: acetic acid: water (2:3:1) mixture. The eluted HVA is treated with Folin's phenol reagent and absorbance is measured at 750 mμ in a spectrophotometer. Normal amounts of HVA in human urine are 8.23 ± 2.96 (mean ± standard deviation) mg/24 hours or 6.42 ± 2.28 mg/g of creatinine. Higher values were obtained in cases of ganglioneuroma and neuroblastoma, in a case of pheochromocytoma, and in one of two cases of hepatolenticular degeneration (Wilson's disease). In three cases of Huntington's chorea, values lay in the normal range.

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Patulin Production in Apples Stored in a Controlled Atmosphere

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/58.5.912 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 912-914 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joseph Lovett ◽

Ruben G Thompson ◽

Brenda K Boutin

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Penicillium Expansum ◽

Controlled Atmosphere ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Apple Tissue ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Abstract Red Delicious apples were inoculated with Penicillium expansum NRRL 973 or P. expansutn 1071 (fresh apple isolate), and incubated in air at 33°F and in a controlled atmosphere of 1% carbon dioxide, 3% oxygen, and 96% nitrogen at 33°F. Both fungal strains produced the carcinogen, patulin, in the air-incubated lots, but only the freshly isolated strain (1071) produced detectable patulin in controlled atmosphere lots. Thin layer chromatography was used to assay ethyl acetate extracts of juice pressed from blended apple tissue. We conclude that naturally occurring P. expansum strains are capable of producing significant levels of patulin in apples stored from 3 to 6 months under controlled atmospheric conditions.

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Phytochemical Investigation of the Aerial Part of Iraqi Convolvulus arvensis

Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) ◽

10.31351/vol29iss2pp62-69 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

Mustafa H. Alwan ◽

Maha N. Hamad

Keyword(s):

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Morning Glory ◽

Convolvulus Arvensis ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Phytochemical Investigation ◽

Layer Chromatography

Convolvulus arvensis is a species of bindweed that is rhizomatous and is in the morning glory family (Convolvulaceae) native to Europe and Asia. The plant is naturally grown in Iraq. The plant was reported to be used in traditional medicine from as early as 1730s. The Aerial parts of Convolvulus arvensis were macerated in 80% ethanol for 6 days. The concentrated extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate- and n-butanol successively. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate, fractions were examined for the presence of phytochemicals by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography and its steroid and flavonoid contents were investigated. Stigmasterol was isolated from n-hexane fraction and identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Rutin was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction and identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy. The aim is to examine the phytochemical constituents of the aerial parts of Convolvulus arvensis, literature survey available so far revealed that there were no studies about the phytochemical investigation for Convolvulus arvensis in Iraq. Different chromatographic techniques like Thin Layer Chromatography and mass spectroscopy were used and the presence of Stigmasterol and Rutin in aerial parts of Convolvulus arvensis was indicated.

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Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr)

Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi UMA (JIBIOMA) ◽

10.31289/jibioma.v1i1.138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Aji Suteja ◽

Emmy Harso Kardhinata ◽

Rosliana Lubis

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Experimental Method ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Screening Analysis ◽

Durio Zibethinus ◽

Rf Values ◽

Layer Chromatography

This study aims to determine how to identify the types of secondary metabolite compounds contained in durian leaves. The study was conducted by an experimental method by identifying secondary metabolite compounds on durian leaves using phytochemical screening. The sample criteria used were the leaf buds and all the leaf strands (except the leaf bones). The results of the study showed that of the three types of durian leaves namely copper, baskets and Sp A. There are several types of secondary metabolite compounds including alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids. Phytochemical screening analysis was carried out using thin layer chromatography by showing RF values on three types of durian leaves using methanol and ethyl acetate solvents in a ratio of 3: 1. RF value on copper durian is 0.97, bakul durian is 0.95 and Sp durian. A 0.94.

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UJI TOKSISITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA EKSTRAK ALGA MERAH (Eucheuma cottonii) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG Artemia salina LEACH

ALCHEMY ◽

10.18860/al.v0i0.2892 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noer Mardlatillah Sharo ◽

Rachmawati Ningsih ◽

Ahmad Hanapi ◽

Ahmad Nasichuddin

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Red Algae ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Eucheuma Cottonii

Eucheuma cottonii is a multicellular algae (multicellular) that have bioactive compounds used in medicine, such as anticancer. The purpose of this research is to know the level of toxicity of the crude extract of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (Eucheuma cottonii) against larvae of shrimp A. salina Leach and to know the active compounds contained in crude extracts of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (Eucheuma cottonii).This research was conducted with the maceration extraction continuing by test toxicity against the shrimp larvae of A. salina Leach (BSLT). The result of the toxicity test then proceeds with the test reagents and phytochemicals with thin layer chromatography for positive test of compound phytochemicals. Thin-layer chromatography using eluen n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7: 3) to ethanol extract and n-hexane: ethyl acetate (17: 3) for n-hexane extract. Data on toxicity of A. salina Leach analyzed by probit analysis to find out the value of LC50 on each extract.The results of this research indicate that each of the rough red algae extract (Eucheuma cottonii) by using a solvent of ethanol and n-hexane have toxicity values (LC50) of shrimp larvae of A. salina Leach consecutive 58,0128 ppm and 61,7571 ppm. Active compounds content of Phytochemical test results i.e. triterpenoid (ethanol extract) and steroids (n-hexsane extract). The TLC triterpenoid obtained 7 stains, and the results obtained steroids 8 TLC stains.

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PEMISAHAN DAN IDENTIFIKASI EKSTRAK KASAR SESKUITERPEN DAUN BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianyhus annuus L.) DENGAN KROMATOGRAFI LAPIS TIPIS

ALCHEMY ◽

10.18860/al.v0i0.2905 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Roihatul Muti'ah ◽

Elok Kamilah Hayati ◽

Yani Triastutik

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Chemical Test ◽

Content Identification ◽

Rf Values ◽

Extract Fraction ◽

Layer Chromatography

The purpose of this research wasto separate and identify the leaf crude extracts esquiterpene of Sun flower (Helianthus annuus L.) using thin layer chromatography.Sun flower leaf maceration method performed with the solvent methanol. Then performed liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and n-hexane solvent. Ethyl acetate extract fraction and n-hexane extract fraction furth erphyto chemical test. After being test edphyto chemical with reagents, both extracts was followed by sesquiterpene content identification using thin layer chromatography (TLC) analytic.Phytochemical test result from ethyl acetate extract fraction was positive terpenoid, sesquiterpene and triterpene, while n-hexane extractfraction positive terpenoid, sesquiterpene andsteroid. All egedsesquiterpene with eluentdichloromethane: ethyl acetate (4,8:0,2) is shown with apurplestain. In the ethyl acetate extract fraction all egedsesquiterpene having Rf values of 0.89; 0.94, and 0.96. While n-hexane extract fraction, the resulting eluental legedsesquiterpene Rf 0.49; 0.8,and 0.99.

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