scholarly journals Profile of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment in Inpatients with Covid-19 History Status at Pasar Minggu Regional General Hospital in May 2020-May 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-185
Author(s):  
Yetri Elisya ◽  
Adin Hakim Kurniawan ◽  
Fikri Alamysah
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment

Tuberkulosis (TB) paru merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang menyerang sistem pernafasan. Di tengah-tengah kasus melonjaknya wabah virus Covid-19, pasien TB adalah pasien yang harus lebih mewaspadai diri dari wabah tersebut. GTN (Global Tuberculosis Network) menggambarkan bahwa dari 49 pasien dengan status TB, sekitar 26 pasien menderita TB kemudian terpapar Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Profil Pengobatan Tuberkulosis Paru Pada Pasien Rawat Inap dengan Status Riwayat Covid-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Pasar Minggu Periode Mei 2020-Mei 2021. Metode penelitian ini adalah analisa deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode retrospektif  yaitu dengan mengambil data primer dari rekam medik pasien. Terdapat pasien seluruhnya berjumlah 22 orang. Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki yaitu 12 orang (54,55%). Usia pasien terbanyak adalah >60 tahun dengan jumlah 6 orang (27,27%), dan berat badan pasien terbanyak adalah 38-54 kg dengan jumlah 11 orang (50%). Tipe penderita terbanyak adalah Pasien Baru dengan jumlah 10 orang (45,45%). Kategori pengobatan terbanyak adalah Kategori II dengan jumlah 12 orang (54,54%). Pola KDT kategori 1 paling banyak diresepkan adalah pola 3 tablet 4KDT & 3 tablet 2KDT dan 4 tablet 4KDT & 4 tablet 2KDT memiliki proporsi yang sama yaitu sebanyak 4  peresepan (18,18%). Pola KDT ketogori 2 terbanyak diresepkan adalah 3 tab 4KDT + 750mg streptomisin inj & 3 tab 2KDT + 3 tab ethambutol sebanyak 9 peresepan (40,90%). Obat-obatan untuk pasien Covid-19 yang paling sering diresepkan bersamaan dengan OAT yaitu vitamin dan mineral sebanyak 56 obat-obatan (42,42%).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone Resistance among Tuberculosis Patients in Shanghai, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 3170-3172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xu ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Xiaohong Gui ◽  
Kathryn DeRiemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
First Line ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Line Drug

ABSTRACT We determined the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance among the isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from 605 pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Shanghai, China. Mutations in gyrA were found in 81.5% of phenotypically fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates and were used as a molecular marker of fluoroquinolone resistance. gyrA mutations were detected in 1.9% of strains pan-susceptible to first-line drugs and 25.1% of multidrug-resistant strains. Fluoroquinolone resistance was independently associated with resistance to at least one first-line drug and prior tuberculosis treatment.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Utility of Bronchial Washing CBNAAT for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Sputum Smear Negative and Sputum CBNAAT Negative Patients of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Afshan Ali Shaik ◽  
Uday Kakodkar ◽  
Cigy Borges
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Bronchial Washing ◽  
Smear Negative

Introduction: Diagnosis of sputum negative pulmonary tuberculosis can be challenging and time consuming, with many patients being put on empirical anti-tuberculosis treatment. Bronchoscopy helps in early diagnosis in such patients. Aims and Objectives: To assess the diagnostic utility of bronchial washing CBNAAT for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in sputum smear negative and sputum CBNAAT negative patients of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Methodology: This case series was conducted on 71 patients in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Goa Medical College from May 2018- February 2020. Patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis on chest radiograph and/or CT thorax, but with sputum smear as well as CBNAAT for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis negative were subjected to flexible video bronchoscopy. Bronchial washings were collected from the affected lobes and the specimen were subjected to fluorescent microscopy, CBNAAT, MGIT, bacterial and fungal culture. Results: The diagnosis of tuberculosis was established in 23 (32.4%) patients in bronchial washings specimen by CBNAAT. These patients were followed up after 6 months of anti-tuberculosis treatment and have shown significant clinical and radiological improvement. Conclusion: Bronchoscopy is a useful tool in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum negative patients. It also play an important role in diagnosis of other infectious /malignant disorder which can mimic tuberculosis.

FAST tuberculosis transmission control strategy speeds the start of tuberculosis treatment at a general hospital in Lima, Peru

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dylan B. Tierney ◽  
Eli Orvis ◽  
Ruvandhi R. Nathavitharana ◽  
Shelley Hurwitz ◽  
Karen Tintaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Tuberculosis Transmission ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of the FAST (Find cases Actively, Separate safely, Treat effectively) strategy on time to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment for patients at a general hospital in a tuberculosis-endemic setting. Design: Prospective cohort study with historical controls. Participants: Patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis during hospitalization at Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue in Lima, Peru. Methods: The FAST strategy was implemented from July 24, 2016, to December 31, 2019. We compared the proportion of patients with drug susceptibility testing and tuberculosis treatment during FAST to the 6-month period prior to FAST. Times to diagnosis and tuberculosis treatment were also compared using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regressions. Results: We analyzed 75 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis through FAST. The historical cohort comprised 76 patients. More FAST patients underwent drug susceptibility testing (98.7% vs 57.8%; OR, 53.8; P < .001), which led to the diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis in 18 (24.3%) of 74 of the prospective cohort and 4 (9%) of 44 of the historical cohort (OR, 3.2; P = .03). Overall, 55 FAST patients (73.3%) started tuberculosis treatment during hospitalization compared to 39 (51.3%) controls (OR, 2.44; P = .012). FAST reduced the time from hospital admission to the start of TB treatment (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.39–3.21; P < .001). Conclusions: Using the FAST strategy improved the diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis and the likelihood and speed of starting treatment among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at a general hospital in a tuberculosis-endemic setting. In these settings, the FAST strategy should be considered to reduce tuberculosis transmission while simultaneously improving the quality of care.

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in smear negative sputum by PCR

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jobayer ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Kazi Zulfiquer Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Negative Sputum

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major health problem in Bangladesh that is responsible for about 7% of total death in a year. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum and to evaluate the efficacy of PCR as a modern diagnostic tool, for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in the smear negative cases. One hundred and fifty suspected pulmonary TB patients (male/ female: 97/53) were included in this study. Single morning sputum was collected from each patient and diagnostic potential of PCR was compared with staining and culture. Twenty five (16.7%) sputum were positive by ZN stained smear. Among 125 smear negative samples, 13 (10.4%) yielded growth in culture in LJ media and 21 (16.8%) samples were positive by PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR in smear negative cases was 100% and 92.9% respectively. Mean detection time in PCR was 24 hours. PCR detected M. tuberculosis in 21 smear negative and 9 culture negative samples. For diagnosis of tuberculosis in smear negative cases, PCR directly from sputum was a very sensitive and accurate method. In conclusion, PCR may be done, especially in clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients who remain negative by conventional methods.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19368 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 2-6

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

scholarly journals Case Series of Three Patients with Rifampicin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandramouli M.T
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractLife-threatening adverse reactions of antitubercular drugs are uncommon; however, thrombocytopenia is one such rare complication encountered with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Rifampicin is the most effective drug and its use in the tuberculosis treatment led to the emergence of modern and effective short-course regimens. I am reporting case series of three patients with pulmonary tuberculosis presented with rifampicin-induced thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Genomic Variations in Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Collected from Patients with Different Localization of Infection

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Chernyaeva ◽  
Mikhail Rotkevich ◽  
Ksenia Krasheninnikova ◽  
Alla Lapidus ◽  
Dmitrii E. Polev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a highly studied pathogen due to public health importance. Despite this, problems like early drug resistance, diagnostics and treatment success prediction are still not fully resolved. Here, we analyze the incidence of point mutations widely used for drug resistance detection in laboratory practice and conduct comparative analysis of whole-genome sequence (WGS) for clinical M. tuberculosis strains collected from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (XPTB) localization. A total of 72 pulmonary and 73 extrapulmonary microbiologically characterized M. tuberculosis isolates were collected from patients from 2007 to 2014 in Russia. Genomic DNA was used for WGS and obtained data allowed identifying major mutations known to be associated with drug resistance to first-line and second-line antituberculous drugs. In some cases previously described mutations were not identified. Using genome-based phylogenetic analysis we identified M. tuberculosis substrains associated with distinctions in the occurrence in PTB vs. XPTB cases. Phylogenetic analyses did reveal M. tuberculosis genetic substrains associated with TB localization. XPTB was associated with Beijing sublineages Central Asia (Beijing CAO), Central Asia Clade A (Beijing A) and 4.8 groups, while PTB localization was associated with group LAM (4.3). Further, the XPTB strain in some cases showed elevated drug resistance patterns relative to PTB isolates. HIV was significantly associated with the development of XPTB in the Beijing B0/W148 group and among unclustered Beijing isolates.

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