scholarly journals Yield Components and Efficiency Index of Maize Yield: Relationship to Yields in Tidal Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Yustisia Yustisia ◽  
NP Sri Ratmini ◽  
J Amirrullah ◽  
Y Juwita ◽  
YPAP Hutabarat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Identification of the advantages of hybrid maize lines is needed to support the increased production and development of maize in tidal fields. This study aimed to identify the agronomic characters and yield components of hybrid maize lines/varieties and their relationship with high yield and efficient fertilization in tidal fields.  The design used was a Split Plot with three replications. The Main Plot was a hybrid maize line/variety (L39/MR4, MGOLD/G8, G28/MGOLD, P27). The subplots were Composite Fertilizer with 2 measures, namely 600 kg/ha and 720 kg/ha. The fertilizers of Urea (50%), SP 36 and NPK (100%) were given at 10 days after planting (DAP). The remaining Urea was given at 30 DAP, 50% and 58.33% respectively in the Composite Fertilizer treatment of 600 kg/ha and 720 kg/ha. The technical culture applied was optimum tillage with the 70 cm x 25 cm spacing, the irrigation being carried out at D/DAP and 15 DAP, the optimal control on the weed and Plant Pest Organisms. The result showed that the number of rows/cobs was an alternative variable in identifying maize lines/varieties with high yield and efficient fertilization. This character was closely correlated with seed/ear weight (r = 0.94) and Grain Yield Efficiency Index/GYEI (r = 0.84). All Genotypes were nutrient efficient (GYEI > 1) except G28/MGOLD (IGYEI < 1). Another approach used to identify efficient fertilization lines/varieties was the variable percentage of yield reduction through regression equations with GYEI (y = - 0.0104 x + 1.0426).  The character of high number of rows/cob could be used as genetic material in plant breeding programs. The lines/varieties as a component of efficient technology and high productivity would contribute to increase production and development of maize in tidal fields.

scholarly journals The impact of agroecological factors on morphological traits of maize

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1203-1213
Author(s):  
Marijenka Tabakovic ◽  
Mile Secanski ◽  
Rade Stanisavljevic ◽  
Snezana Mladenovic-Drinic ◽  
Milena Simic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Lower Variability ◽  
Chemical Traits ◽  
The Impact

Climate changes are one of the crucial issues of modern agriculture. These changes imply the increase in average temperatures and the frequent occurrence of temperature extremes. Such conditions are stressful to maize concerning the expression of its traits. This paper presents the analysis of the maize yield concerning the yield components, morphological and chemical traits under various agroecological conditions. The objective of the study was to evaluate variability of grain yield (GY) and yield components (ear length, EL and number of kernel rows, NKR), morphological traits (plant height, PH and ear height, EH), as well as chemical traits (the whole plant dry matter, PDM and the ear dry matter, EDM), and the effect of the environment on the intensity of expression of these traits. Fifteen genotypes developed by crossing of six inbred lines were used as a material in the study carried out during the two-year period in one location. Obtained results indicate that traits were more pronounced in maize hybrids than in the parental components including the lower variability of the traits expression. NKR did not affect the yield unlike the EL, whose coefficient of determination was R2 = 0.600 in both production years. The environmental effect was high for all traits except NKR. PDM and EDM were closely related to PH and EH, but they also depended on the EL and the NKR. Variations in meteorological conditions have a significant impact on the final goal of the production, the yield. Prevailing agro-ecological conditions should be a major guideline in planning the crop production and selecting the genetic material.

scholarly journals Responses of Total Biomass, Shoot Dry Weight, Yield and Yield Components of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) Varieties under Different Terminal Drought Duration

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Aunchana Chaimala ◽  
Sanun Jogloy ◽  
Nimitr Vorasoot ◽  
Banyong Toomsan ◽  
Nuntawoot Jongrungklang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Drought Duration ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
High Yield Potential

As a secondary crop planting in the double-cropping system, terminal drought is the major constraint of Jerusalem artichoke production in the rainfed area. This study aims to estimate the effects of different durations of terminal drought on total biomass, tuber yields, harvest index, yield components, and to identify high yield potential and low yield reduction genotypes for the varietal improvement program. A split-plot design with four replications was conducted under field experiment for two years. Three drought durations including non-drought stress (SD0), drought from 60 and 45 days after transplanting until harvest (SD1 and SD2, respectively), were assigned in main plots and six genotypes were arranged in subplots. Crop parameters were greater decreased under a long-drought duration than under short-drought duration. The genotypes were identified; HEL256, JA37 and JA125 had high yield potential under SD0 conditions, whereas there was high yield reduction under drought conditions. In contrast, JA60 and HEL253 were identified as low yield potential and low yield reduction genotypes. This information suggested that high yield potential genotypes and low yield reduction genotypes should be selected and generated progeny population for improvement of new varieties with high yield potential and low yield reduction for growing in terminal drought-prone environments.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND ZINC TREATMENTS AT DIFFERENT DOSES ON MAIZE YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS UNDER KAHRAMANMARAŞ CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 252-259
Author(s):  
Cengiz Yururdurmaz ◽  
Ali Turan
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Different Doses

This study was carried out in 2019 in Kahramanmaraş University Field Crops Department to determine nitrogen and zinc fertilizer needs of maize plants in Kahramanmaraş Region. Experiments were conducted in split-plots design with 3 replications. Soil nitrogenous fertilizer (Urea) treatments were arranged as: 0 kg/da (N0), 15 kg/da (N15), 30 kg/da (N30). Foliar zinc treatments were arranged as 0 ppm (Zn0), 2500 ppm (Zn5), 5000 ppm (Zn10). Dekalp DKC6890 hybrid maize variety was used as the plant material of the experiments. Present findings revealed that nitrogen and zinc treatments had significant effects on the first cob height, cob length, cob thickness, number of rows per cob, number of kernels per cob and kernel yield of maize plants, but the effects of nitrogen and zinc treatments on plant height and thousand kernel weight were not found to be significant.

scholarly journals Effect of organic N-sources on maize yield components

2019 ◽  
pp. 1215-1222
Author(s):  
Gustavo Vicentini Popin ◽  
Arthur Klebson Belarmino dos Santos ◽  
Gregori E. Ferrão ◽  
David Augusto Lourenço ◽  
Marcos Siqueira- Neto
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N Sources ◽  
N Source ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Mineral Sources

Maize is one of the main staple crops of the world but needs large amounts of nitrogen (N) to achieve a high yield. Mineral N fertilization is one of the main production costs to cultivation and organic N sources could be a cost-effective alternative to mineral sources. We hypothesized that organic N sources could replace mineral fertilizer whilst maintaining high yields. Therefore, our study examined the effect of N supplied through organic sources on the yield of maize and its components and evaluated the economic viability of using organic N sources in terms of cost savings of energy resources. A field experiment was carried out in the Southeastern region of Brazil (São Paulo state) on a Typical Acrudox soil with a clay texture. The experiment was set out in a complete randomized block design, with six treatments (five N sources + control) and four replicates. The treatments were: (A) mineral source (urea - Ur); (B) a by-product from the food industry (Fby); (C) biofertilizer from swine manure (Bs); (D) poultry bedding (Pb); (E) cattle manure (Cm); and (F) control (Co - without N). The maize yield components evaluated were plant height (V6 and R2 stages), root dry mass and morphoanatomy (R2 stage) and, at harvest, grains in ears, thousand kernel weight (TKW), productivity and crop residues dry mass. Economic viability was assessed by considering the cost of each N source in relation to gross economic revenues from the sale of corn. Overall, the results showed that only Fby produced better yield components and was more productive than urea. This source also provided the highest economic revenue and the lowest fertilizer cost for each unit produced. The Pb and Cm sources were less productive than the mineral source, but were better than Bs, which was slightly better than the control (without N application). The same pattern of results was found for economic revenue and fertilizer cost. Bs was the most expensive N source and consequently gave the lowest economic returns to farmers. In summary, the N efficiency of the organic sources as an alternative to mineral sources for high-yield maize was ranked as follows: Fby >Ur> Pb > Cm > Bs > Co.

Effect of Biochar on Maize Yield and Yield Components in Rainfed Conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz Akmal ◽  
Muzaffar Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed Ali ◽  
Aurangzaib Zaib Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

Comparison of yield components and plant type characteristics of high-yield rice between Taoyuan, a ‘special eco-site’ and Nanjing, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 112 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 214-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganghua Li ◽  
Lihong Xue ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
Congdang Yang ◽  
Shaohua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Plant Type

Assessment of the Effects of Environmental Factors on the Response of Wheat to Fertilizer in On-farm Trials in a Mediterranean Type Environment

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pala ◽  
A. Matar ◽  
A. Mazid
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

SUMMARYA series of researcher-managed wheat fertilizer trials was conducted on representative farmers' fields across northwest Syria between 1986 and 1990. Wheat grain and straw yields were strongly correlated with seasonal (October-May) rainfall, almost irrespective of soil fertility, crop sequence or fertilizer rate, with a highly significant response to nitrogen fertilizer which increased with increasing rainfall and decreasing initial soil mineral-nitrogen values. These results were summarized in regression equations which express yield in terms of fertilizer rates, seasonal rainfall and their interactions. The equations with applied nitrogen and seasonal rainfall were the most appropriate for determining fertilizer needs. Economic analysis indicated that all fertilizer treatment rates were profitable under existing price conditions and that fertilizer use would still be beneficial for a nitrogen price up to three times higher than that of the price of grain (weight for weight) with a seasonal rainfall of 250 mm, and up to six times higher with a seasonal rainfall of 450 mm.

scholarly journals Effects of Iron and Zinc Spray on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Drought Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Monjezi ◽  
F. Vazin ◽  
M. Hassanzadehdelouei
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Abstract In hot and arid regions, drought stress is considered as one of the main reasons for yield reduction. To study the effect of drought stress, iron and zinc spray on the yield and yield components of wheat, an experiment was carried out during the crop seasons of 2010 and 2011 on Shahid Salemi Farm in Ahwaz as a split factorial within randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots with irrigation factor and three levels were considered: Level A) full irrigation, Level B) stopping irrigation at pollination step, and Level C) stopping irrigation at the seed filling stage. Subsidiary plots were considered with and without iron and zinc spray. Influencing the seed filling process, in interaction with iron, wich is an important leaf's chlorophyll cation, zinc increased the seed yield. The drought stress reduced the thousand kernels weight (TKW) and the number of seeds per spike increased about 24% and 8.5% more than the one of control treatment, respectively. Using iron, as compared with control treatment, causes the increase of thousand kernels weight from 45.71 to 46.83 grams and the increase of spike from 49.51 to 51.73. Zinc spray increased seed yield and thousand kernels weight. The results obtained from the present research showed that iron and zinc spray has fairly improved the effects caused by drought stress.

scholarly journals Performance of Ratoon Rice Under Different Stubble Cuttings and Fertilizer Management

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Bayani Dejaño ◽  
◽  
Reynaldo Javier ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

Stubble cutting heights significantly affected the agronomic characteristics as well as the yield and yield components of ratoon rice. Similarly, fertilizer treatment moslty influenced the agronomic and yield and yield components of ratoon rice. Plants applied with basal or foliar or a combination of two were harvested late, grew taller, had wider leaf area, higher straw yield, more tillers, longer and heavier panicles, more yield and harvest indices. Cost and return main crop + ratoon crop using the different studble cutting heights and fertilizer treatments were economically profitable. Results showed that basal application of fertilizer at a rate of 60-30-30 kg N, P2O5 and K2O obtained the highest net return of P19,868.56.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nitrogen (Urea) on Zea mays L. under Balkh province climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Nasratullah Habibi ◽  
Friba Sikandari
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Effect On Yield

An experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of urea fertilizer on yield and yield components of Zea mays L. Using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) split plots in three replications in agricultural research farm of Balkh University by 2019. Doses of urea used in this experiment were 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 , respectively. It has been found that amount of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) had significant effect on yield of maize at p<0.05. The higher level of nitrogen caused the higher grain yield, number of kernels per ear, the number of grains per ear row, ear diameter, cob length, grain per plant and plant height. As a result 7.76 ton ha-1 was recorded as high yield while 240 kg ha-1 urea was used, and 5.12 ton ha-1 was recorded as low yield in treatment one with 0 kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer. Finally, as a result using 240 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer is recommended.

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