scholarly journals EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND ZINC TREATMENTS AT DIFFERENT DOSES ON MAIZE YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS UNDER KAHRAMANMARAŞ CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 252-259
Author(s):  
Cengiz Yururdurmaz ◽  
Ali Turan
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Different Doses

This study was carried out in 2019 in Kahramanmaraş University Field Crops Department to determine nitrogen and zinc fertilizer needs of maize plants in Kahramanmaraş Region. Experiments were conducted in split-plots design with 3 replications. Soil nitrogenous fertilizer (Urea) treatments were arranged as: 0 kg/da (N0), 15 kg/da (N15), 30 kg/da (N30). Foliar zinc treatments were arranged as 0 ppm (Zn0), 2500 ppm (Zn5), 5000 ppm (Zn10). Dekalp DKC6890 hybrid maize variety was used as the plant material of the experiments. Present findings revealed that nitrogen and zinc treatments had significant effects on the first cob height, cob length, cob thickness, number of rows per cob, number of kernels per cob and kernel yield of maize plants, but the effects of nitrogen and zinc treatments on plant height and thousand kernel weight were not found to be significant.

scholarly journals Yield Components and Efficiency Index of Maize Yield: Relationship to Yields in Tidal Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Yustisia Yustisia ◽  
NP Sri Ratmini ◽  
J Amirrullah ◽  
Y Juwita ◽  
YPAP Hutabarat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Identification of the advantages of hybrid maize lines is needed to support the increased production and development of maize in tidal fields. This study aimed to identify the agronomic characters and yield components of hybrid maize lines/varieties and their relationship with high yield and efficient fertilization in tidal fields.  The design used was a Split Plot with three replications. The Main Plot was a hybrid maize line/variety (L39/MR4, MGOLD/G8, G28/MGOLD, P27). The subplots were Composite Fertilizer with 2 measures, namely 600 kg/ha and 720 kg/ha. The fertilizers of Urea (50%), SP 36 and NPK (100%) were given at 10 days after planting (DAP). The remaining Urea was given at 30 DAP, 50% and 58.33% respectively in the Composite Fertilizer treatment of 600 kg/ha and 720 kg/ha. The technical culture applied was optimum tillage with the 70 cm x 25 cm spacing, the irrigation being carried out at D/DAP and 15 DAP, the optimal control on the weed and Plant Pest Organisms. The result showed that the number of rows/cobs was an alternative variable in identifying maize lines/varieties with high yield and efficient fertilization. This character was closely correlated with seed/ear weight (r = 0.94) and Grain Yield Efficiency Index/GYEI (r = 0.84). All Genotypes were nutrient efficient (GYEI > 1) except G28/MGOLD (IGYEI < 1). Another approach used to identify efficient fertilization lines/varieties was the variable percentage of yield reduction through regression equations with GYEI (y = - 0.0104 x + 1.0426).  The character of high number of rows/cob could be used as genetic material in plant breeding programs. The lines/varieties as a component of efficient technology and high productivity would contribute to increase production and development of maize in tidal fields.

scholarly journals Differential Maize Yield Hybrid Responses to Stand Density Are Correlated to Their Response to Radiation Reductions Around Flowering

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico H. Larrosa ◽  
Lucas Borrás
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Kernel Number

Altered stand density affects maize yields by producing changes in both numerical yield components, kernel number per plant (KNP), and kernel weight (KW). Kernel number is determined by the accumulation of ear biomass during the flowering period, whereas KW is determined by the sink potential established during flowering and the capacity of the plant to fulfill this potential during effective grain filling. Here, we tested if different short shading treatments during different stages around flowering can help discriminate genotypic differences in eco-physiological parameters relevant for maize stand density yield response and associated yield components. Our specific objectives were to: (i) identify hybrids with differential shading stress response, (ii) explore shading effects over eco-physiological parameters mechanistically related to KNP and KW, and (iii) test if shading stress can be used for detecting differential genotypic yield responses to stand density. The objectives were tested using four commercial maize hybrids. Results indicated that KNP was the yield component most related to yield changes across the different shading treatments, and that the specific shading imposed soon after anthesis generated the highest yield reductions. Hybrids less sensitive to shading stress were those that reduced their plant growth rate the least and the ones that accumulated more ear biomass during flowering. Genotype susceptibility to shading stress around flowering was correlated to stand density responses. This indicated that specific shading stress treatments are a useful tool to phenotype for differential stand density responses of commercial hybrids.

Effect of Biochar on Maize Yield and Yield Components in Rainfed Conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz Akmal ◽  
Muzaffar Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed Ali ◽  
Aurangzaib Zaib Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

scholarly journals Epistasis for Three Grain Yield Components in Rice (Oryxa sativa L.)

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikang Li ◽  
Shannon R M Pinson ◽  
William D Park ◽  
Andrew H Paterson ◽  
James W Stansel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Grain Yield Components ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Grain Number Per Panicle

The genetic basis for three grain yield components of rice, 1000 kernel weight (KW), grain number per panicle (GN), and grain weight per panicle (GWP), was investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism markers and F4 progeny testing from a cross between rice subspecies japonica (cultivar Lemont from USA) and indica (cv. Teqing from China). Following identification of 19 QTL affecting these traits, we investigated the role of epistasis in genetic control of these phenotypes. Among 63 markers distributed throughout the genome that appeared to be involved in 79 highly significant (P &lt; 0.001) interactions, most (46 or 73%) did not appear to have “main” effects on the relevant traits, but influenced the trait(s) predominantly through interactions. These results indicate that epistasis is an important genetic basis for complex traits such as yield components, especially traits of low heritability such as GN and GWP. The identification of epistatic loci is an important step toward resolution of discrepancies between quantitative trait loci mapping and classical genetic dogma, contributes to better understanding of the persistence of quantitative genetic variation in populations, and impels reconsideration of optimal mapping methodology and marker-assisted breeding strategies for improvement of complex traits.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AGROCHEMICAL LOAD ON PLANT SUPPLY OF FOOD ELEMENTS AND YIELD OF MAIZE IN THE FOREST-STEPPE

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
N.M. Asanishvili ◽  
N.H. Buslaieva ◽  
S.L. Shliakhturova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Chemical Calculation ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
By Products

The article presents the results of research on the optimization of the supply of maize plants with the main nutrients under different agrochemical loads in the Forest-Steppe. The aim of the research was to establish the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers and by-products of the predecessor as fertilizers on the supply of plants with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and corn yield. The research was carried out during 2016-2019 on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe with the use of field, chemical, calculation-weight and mathematical-statistical methods. It were found that long-term growing of agricultural crops for 30 years under different agrochemical loading in crop rotation on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe led to the creation of different agrochemical backgrounds. According to the results of soil and plant diagnostics, it has been established that nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for growing corn. In the variants with application of increased (N180P120K180) and high (N240P120K240) norms of mineral fertilizers against the background of by-products of the predecessor (winter wheat straw), where the highest yield of corn is formed - 11.21-12.10 t / ha, mobile phosphorus content 20 cm layer of soil was very high, mobile potassium - high, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen - very low. In these variants, maize plants in stages BBCH 16, 19 and 65 accumulated the optimal amount of nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium showed optimal and high supply during the growing season for the application of mineral fertilizers in the norms above N60P45K60.According to the results of correlation and regression analysis, the decisive role of nitrogen and potassium in the formation of corn productivity was confirmed. Mathematical models have been constructed that make it possible to predict the level of maize yield depending on the content of chemical elements in the soil and plants at the early stages of BBCH development.

scholarly journals Modes of application with Cobalt and Molybdenum fertilizations in different stages of soybean development and yield of soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
A. G. Comiran ◽  
C. S. Pereira ◽  
I. V. A. Fiorini ◽  
P. L. F. Galdino ◽  
F. G. Moraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Soybean Nodulation

The elements cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo) are micronutrients of great importance for legumes, since they play a fundamental role in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen assimilated by bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the yield components of soybean as a function of different doses and time of application of cobalt and molybdenum via leaf. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Vera - Mato Grosso. The treatments consisted of the combination of five doses of the micronutrient (0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mL ha-1) with two phenologicals stages of application periods (V5, fifth node and fourth trifoliate flower and R2, full flowering)). The characteristics evaluated: dry mass of the nodules, number of nodules, number of pods per plant, grains per pod, mass of 100 grains and productivity. It is concluded that under the conditions of this experiment, the application of cobalt and molybdenum via leaf in V5 and R2 does not alter soybean nodulation. The application in the reproductive period (R2) provides a greater number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod, but does not affect productivity

Effect of nitrogen, seeding date and cultivar on oat quality and yield in the eastern Canadian prairies

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. May ◽  
Ramona M. Mohr ◽  
Guy P. Lafond ◽  
Adrian M. Johnston ◽  
F. Craig Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
N Rates

The proportion of oat (Avena sativa L.) being used for race horses and human consumption has increased over the past 15 yr. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N, seeding date and cultivar on grain yield components, grain yield and grain quality of oat under a direct seeding system. Four N rates, three seeding dates and two cultivars were tested at Indian Head, Melfort, and Canora, SK, and Brandon, MB. Yield was more responsive to increasing N rates from 15 and 80 kg ha-1 when oat was seeded in early May versus early June. Panicles plant-1 was the yield component that accounted for most of the yield increase achieved from increasing rates of N, while kernel weight was the yield component that decreased as the rate of N increased. Physical seed quality decreased (plump seed decreased and thin seed increased) with delayed seeding and greater N fertilizer rates. Nitrogen fertilizer and seeding date had a much larger effect on the quality of CDC Pacer than AC Assiniboia. Combining early seeding, appropriate N fertility and well-adapted cultivars should increase the likelihood of optimizing oat yield and quality necessary for high-value markets. Key words: Avena sativa L., yield components, test weight, lodging, plump seed, thin seed

Effects of zinc fertilizer on maize yield and water-use efficiency under different soil water conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 107718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Minfei Yan ◽  
Hongbing Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Ren ◽  
Kadambot HM Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water Conditions
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