scholarly journals AtCIPK19 aggrandizes polyamines-involved cold stress tolerance in plant cells

2019 ◽  
pp. 03-21
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Wells Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Calcineurin B

The CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASEs (CIPKs) play important roles in regulating ion homeostasis and stress responses. However, molecular mechanism of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE19 (CIPK19) enhanced cold stress tolerance is not fully understood. Here, we report that overexpression of the Arabidopsis CIPK19 gene (AtCIPK19) results in increasing cell viability and growth rate under cold stress in O. sativa, G. hirsutum, and P. strobus. AtCIPK19 increases cold stress tolerance by decreases the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increases the levels of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm). In AtCIPK19 transgenic rice cell lines, the transcript levels of genes associated with biosynthesis of Put, Spd, and Spm include OsADC1, OsADC2, OsADC3, OsODC1, OsODC2, OsODC3, OsCPA1, OsCPA2, OsCPA3, OsAIH, OsSAMDC1, OsSAMDC2, OsSAMDC3, OsSAMDC4, OsSAMDC5, OsSAMDC6, OsSPD/SPM1, OsSPD/SPM2, OsSPD/SPM3, and OsSPD/SPM4 are increased under cold stress. These results will increase our understanding of AtCIPK19-related cold stress tolerance in different plant species and are valuable in plant molecular breeding application. Keywords: CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN; Cold stress; Pinus; Putrescine; Spermidine; Spermine

scholarly journals Molecular breeding of water lily: engineering cold stress tolerance into tropical water lily

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiwei Yu ◽  
Guirong Qiao ◽  
Wenmin Qiu ◽  
Dongbei Yu ◽  
Shirong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Tropical Water

The Wheat Aquaporin Gene TaAQP7 Confers Tolerance to Cold Stress in Transgenic Tobacco

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Huang ◽  
Shiyi Zhou ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Xiaomin Deng ◽  
Shuya Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Aquaporin Gene

Aquaporin proteins (AQPs) have been shown to be involved in abiotic stress responses. However, the precise role of AQPs, especially in response to cold stress, is not understood in wheat (Triticum aestivum). In the present study, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that TaAQP7 expression increased in leaves, but decreased in roots after cold treatment. Expression of TaAQP7 in tobacco plants resulted in increased root elongation and better growth compared with wild-type (WT) plants under cold stress. Moreover, after cold treatment, the transgenic tobacco lines exhibited higher chlorophyll contents, lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and less ion leakage (IL) than WT plants. Thus, expression of TaAQP7 enhanced cold stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Taken together, our results suggest that TaAQP7 confers cold stress tolerance by relieving membrane damage in the transgenic plants.

scholarly journals Melatonin: A Small Molecule but Important for Salt Stress Tolerance in Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoshuang Zhan ◽  
Xiaojun Nie ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Polyamine Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance

Salt stress is one of the most serious limiting factors in worldwide agricultural production, resulting in huge annual yield loss. Since 1995, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)—an ancient multi-functional molecule in eukaryotes and prokaryotes—has been extensively validated as a regulator of plant growth and development, as well as various stress responses, especially its crucial role in plant salt tolerance. Salt stress and exogenous melatonin lead to an increase in endogenous melatonin levels, partly via the phyto-melatonin receptor CAND2/PMTR1. Melatonin plays important roles, as a free radical scavenger and antioxidant, in the improvement of antioxidant systems under salt stress. These functions improve photosynthesis, ion homeostasis, and activate a series of downstream signals, such as hormones, nitric oxide (NO) and polyamine metabolism. Melatonin also regulates gene expression responses to salt stress. In this study, we review recent literature and summarize the regulatory roles and signaling networks involving melatonin in response to salt stress in plants. We also discuss genes and gene families involved in the melatonin-mediated salt stress tolerance.

scholarly journals The rice annexin gene OsAnn5 is a positive regulator of cold stress tolerance at the seedling stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
chunxiu shen ◽  
Zhiqun Que ◽  
Qineng Lu ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Shengqiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Positive Regulator ◽  
Annexin Gene ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Abstract Annexins exist widely in plants as multigene families and play critical roles in stress responses and a range of cellular processes. In this study, we report on the cloning and functional characterization of the rice annexin gene OsAnn5. We found that the expression of OsAnn5 was induced by cold stress treatment at the seedling stage of rice. GUS staining assay indicated that the expression of OsAnn5 was non tissue-specific and was detected in almost all rice tissues. Subcellular localization indicated that OsAnn5-GFP (green fluorescent protein) signals were found in the endoplasmic reticulum apparatus. Compared with wild type rice, overexpression of OsAnn5 significantly increased survival rates at the seedling stage under cold stress, while knocking out OsAnn5 using the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated proteins) mediated genome editing resulted in sensitivity to cold treatments. These results indicate that OsAnn5 is a positive regulator of cold stress tolerance at the seedling stage.

scholarly journals Light Regulates the Cytokinin-Dependent Cold Stress Responses in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylva Prerostova ◽  
Martin Černý ◽  
Petre I. Dobrev ◽  
Vaclav Motyka ◽  
Lucia Hluskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Cytokinin Oxidase ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effect Of Light

To elucidate the effect of light intensity on the cold response (5°C; 7 days) in Arabidopsis thaliana, we compared the following parameters under standard light (150 μmol m–2 s–1), low light (20 μmol m–2 s–1), and dark conditions: membrane damage, photosynthetic parameters, cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) activity, phytohormone levels, and transcription of selected stress- and hormone-related genes and proteome. The impact of cytokinins (CKs), hormones directly interacting with the light signaling pathway, on cold responses was evaluated using transformants overexpressing CK biosynthetic gene isopentenyl transferase (DEX:IPT) or CK degradation gene HvCKX2 (DEX:CKX) under a dexamethasone-inducible promoter. In wild-type plants, cold treatment under light conditions caused down-regulation of CKs (in shoots) and auxin, while abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonates, and salicylic acid (SA) were up-regulated, especially under low light. Cold treatment in the dark strongly suppressed all phytohormones, except ABA. DEX:IPT plants showed enhanced stress tolerance associated with elevated CK and SA levels in shoots and auxin in apices. Contrarily, DEX:CKX plants had weaker stress tolerance accompanied by lowered levels of CKs and auxins. Nevertheless, cold substantially diminished the impact from the inserted genes. Cold stress in dark minimized differences among the genotypes. Cold treatments in light strongly up-regulated stress marker genes RD29A, especially in roots, and CBF1-3 in shoots. Under control conditions, their levels were higher in DEX:CKX plants, but after 7-day stress, DEX:IPT plants exhibited the highest transcription. Transcription of genes related to CK metabolism and signaling showed a tendency to re-establish, at least partially, CK homeostasis in both transformants. Up-regulation of strigolactone-related genes in apices and leaves indicated their role in suppressing shoot growth. The analysis of leaf proteome revealed over 20,000 peptides, representing 3,800 proteins and 2,212 protein families (data available via ProteomeXchange, identifier PXD020480). Cold stress induced proteins involved in ABA and jasmonate metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, and enzymes of flavonoid and glucosinolate biosynthesis. DEX:IPT plants up-regulated phospholipase D and MAP-kinase 4. Cold stress response at the proteome level was similar in all genotypes under optimal light intensity, differing significantly under low light. The data characterized the decisive effect of light–CK cross-talk in the regulation of cold stress responses.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Crosstalk Mediates Brassinosteroids Induced Cold Stress Tolerance in Medicago truncatula

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arfan ◽  
Da-Wei Zhang ◽  
Li-Juan Zou ◽  
Shi-Shuai Luo ◽  
Wen-Rong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
No Production ◽  
Dependent Manner

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play pivotal roles in modulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, a Medicago truncatula plant pretreated with brassinolide (BL, the most active BR), enhanced cold stress tolerance by regulating the expression of several cold-related genes and antioxidant enzymes activities. Previous studies reported that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved during environmental stress conditions. However, how these two signaling molecules interact with each other in BRs-induced abiotic stress tolerance remain largely unclear. BL-pretreatment induced, while brassinazole (BRZ, a specific inhibitor of BRs biosynthesis) reduced H2O2 and NO production. Further, application of dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a H2O2 and OH− scavenger) blocked BRs-induced NO production, but BRs-induced H2O2 generation was not sensitive to 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO, a scavenger of NO). Moreover, pretreatment with DMTU and PTIO decreased BL-induced mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and the photosystem capacity. However, pretreatment with PTIO was found to be more effective than DMTU in reducing BRs-induced increases in Valt, Vt, and MtAOX1 gene expression. Similarly, BRs-induced photosystem II efficiency was found in NO dependent manner than H2O2. Finally, we conclude that H2O2 was involved in NO generation, whereas NO was found to be crucial in BRs-induced AOX capacity, which further contributed to the protection of the photosystem under cold stress conditions in Medicago truncatula.

A maize calcineurin B‐like interacting protein kinase ZmCIPK42 confers salt stress tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Xunji Chen ◽  
Guo Chen ◽  
Jianping Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Hao ◽  
Zumuremu Tuerxun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Calcineurin B

scholarly journals Genetic regulation of salt stress tolerance revealed by RNA-Seq in cotton diploid wild species, Gossypium davidsonii

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Guozhong Zhu ◽  
Lei Du ◽  
Xiaoguang Shang ◽  
Chaoze Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Crop Resistance ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
Diploid Cotton

Abstract Cotton is an economically important crop throughout the world and is a pioneer crop in salt stress tolerance research. Investigation of the genetic regulation of salinity tolerance will provide information for salt stress-resistant breeding. Here, we employed next-generation RNA-Seq technology to elucidate the salt-tolerant mechanisms in cotton using the diploid cotton species Gossypium davidsonii which has superior stress tolerance. A total of 4744 and 5337 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved in salt stress tolerance in roots and leaves, respectively. Gene function annotation elucidated salt overly sensitive (SOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways. Furthermore, we found that photosynthesis pathways and metabolism play important roles in ion homeostasis and oxidation balance. Moreover, our studies revealed that alternative splicing also contributes to salt-stress responses at the posttranscriptional level, implying its functional role in response to salinity stress. This study not only provides a valuable resource for understanding the genetic control of salt stress in cotton, but also lays a substantial foundation for the genetic improvement of crop resistance to salt stress.

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