scholarly journals Fertility regulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Siniša Franjic
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Fertility Regulation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ovarian Cells ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Ovarian cells or the number of incompetent ovarian cells that may lead to pregnancy is reduced. At a certain age, for example, after 40 years of age, naturally reduces the possibility of conception also the possibilities of spontaneous abortion and anomalies. Fertility of men and women also depends on life habits, the presence of certain illnesses, the enjoyment of various opiates, etc. Unhealthy lifestyle, poor nutrition and obesity are also factors that reduce fertility in men and women. An average, healthy couple it is necessary six to Fertility of men and women depends primarily on their age. In women, for example, the number of twelve months of active endeavours to conceive of pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur during this period, it is necessary to seek medical help.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Arsenic and Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Men and Women: A Systematic PRISMA Review

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1885
Author(s):  
Ida M. Barsøe ◽  
Ninna H. Ebdrup ◽  
Hannah S. Clausen ◽  
Julie Lyngsø ◽  
Jörg Schullehner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Time To Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

Infertility is a worldwide health issue, but mechanisms of both male and female reproductive toxicity remain to be elucidated. So far, a limited focus has been on potentially harmful environmental factors such as arsenic, which is naturally occurring in groundwater. The objective of this review was to systematically investigate the association between arsenic in drinking water and adverse reproductive outcomes in men and women of fertile age. We conducted a systematic literature search and included case-control studies and cohort studies reporting on decreased semen quality characteristics, increased time to pregnancy, infertility, or spontaneous abortion. In total, 433 articles were screened and ultimately, eight studies were included. Included literature was quality assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Findings were reported in a narrative synthesis. Only one study investigated male fertility. An association between increasing arsenic exposure and decreasing semen quality characteristics was found, as well as an indication of arsenic accumulation in seminal plasma. These findings are, however, at high arsenic levels (>1000 µg/L). No consistent evidence was found to support the hypothesis that arsenic exposure from drinking water is a cause of longer waiting time to pregnancy or spontaneous abortion, being the only endpoints investigated in the included literature. In conclusion; the evidence is sparse and of varying quality, however, it does warrant attention, as it conflicts with existing evidence, mainly from cross-sectional or ecologic studies.

scholarly journals 258Change in population mean BMI accounts for the majority of change in underweight and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Caminia Iurilli
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Abstract Background Prevalence of underweight has decreased and that of obesity increased in most countries. A shift of the whole BMI distribution in the population would simultaneously change the mean BMI and the prevalence of underweight and obesity, whereas a change only at the tails would have limited impact on the mean. Methods Generalised linear regression of prevalence of underweight and obesity with mean BMI using worldwide data from 2,765 surveys with objectively measured height and weight on 143.5 million men and women aged 20 to 79 years from 1985 to 2016. Results Trends in the prevalence of underweight and obesity are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of mean BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. There was a smaller than expected change in the decline of underweight in east and southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa and in the rise of obesity in Oceania. Conclusions The worldwide rise in obesity and decline in underweight are largely population phenomena. There is also evidence of excess obesity and persistent underweight beyond the distributional shift in some regions, which may be related to growing social inequalities that restrict access to healthy foods for those at highest risk of poor nutrition. Key messages Rise in obesity and decline of underweight are largely driven by increase in mean BMI. Effective response must include restrictions on unhealthy foods while making healthy options more accessible.

scholarly journals Personal life strategies and their correlation with biological age

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tatiana Nikolaevna Berezina
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Large City ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Work Orientation ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Life Path

The goal of this research is to examine the ways of organization of life used by modern men and women, and to determine personal characteristics that are associated with biological age of a person and reduce personal aging markers. The object of this research is the personality and life path, while the subject is the correlation between life organization strategies and rate of biological aging. The following methods were applied in the course of research: life path survey, self-assessment, determination of biological age. The study involved 987 respondents (575 women) aged 35 to 70, from different regions of the Russian Federation. Independent variable implies relative biological aging of the body (biological age –proper biological age); dependent variable– characteristics of life path. The scientific novelty consists in description of the ways of organization of life used by modern men and women. For men is typical: career building, work orientation, unhealthy lifestyle orientation towards family, self-fulfillment; while for women: career building, being a role model, work orientation, unhealthy lifestyle, choice between children and work. It is also proven that biological aging is delayed by the indicators included in most strategies: types of professions “Man – Nature”, “Man-Man”, “Man-Artistic Image”, “Man – Technology”, “Man – Symbol”, and style of cooperation. Biological aging can be accelerated by such indicators as: aggressiveness, overeating, smoking, living in a large city, career. The conclusion is made that personality traits that correlate with biological do not depend on just one life path strategy, however by one or two suit for most of them.

scholarly journals Implementation of workplace well-being programs in the Russian Federation: development of the on-line tools package and results of its piloting

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Antsiferova ◽  
AV Kontsevaya
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Workplace Health Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Health Promotion Programs ◽  
Workplace Health Promotion Programs

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction. Most of the working-age population spends a significant part of their life at workplace. On the one hand, working conditions can cause stress, and therefore an increase unhealthy lifestyle, on the other hand, the workplace is a convenient organizational model for health promotion. In 2019 a big federal project "Public health" started aimed to improve population health and one of its important components is increasing implementation of effective workplace health promotion programs. Model workplace well-being programs have been developed within the framework of the Federal Project «Public Health». Purpose is to develop and pilot a package of tools for planning and implementing workplace well-being programs. Methods. Planning stage of the program has to include situation analysis with three components: available infrastructure analysis, employee interviews and comprehensive program development. We developed two types of questionnaires: for employers and for employees. After testing it in paper on limited N of participants it was corrected and electronic version was developed. The link to the instrument was distributed through the regional centers for public health who are responsible for implementation workplace health promotion programs in the regions. Results. In spring 2020, 558 completed questionnaires were received (among them 35 from employers, and 553 from employees). Among employers, 53.1% were familiar with workplace well-being programs, such programs were approved at 43.8% of enterprises. Employers believe that the most appropriate implementation of the following components are measures to increase the level of physical activity (22.9%), measures to prevent smoking (18.1%) and psychological relief (18.1%). There was a predominance of female among surveyed employees (66,5%), the average age was 39.8 ± 10.7 years and 42.6 ± 11.1 years for men and women, respectively. The following factors worried the employees on the workplace: distance from their place of residence (12.1%), continuous tension and stress (11.3%), noise (7.8%) and other factors. The level of presenteeism (measured by Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) was also analyzed, the low level of presenteeism was 38.9% and 42.4%, and the average level was 59.9% and 55.9% for men and women, respectively. Conclusion. We developed the set of instruments which must be useful for implementation of the workplace well-being programs.  Surveys of employers contribute to obtaining a snapshot of the attitudes and priorities of employers in the region to plan targeted measures to stimulate the implementation of workplace well-being programs at the regional level. Questionnaires for employees can be used for an in-depth assessment of the priorities on the concrete workplace and development of a targeted program to the needs of a particular enterprise.

scholarly journals When the Desire for Lifestyle Medicine Counseling Remains Unfulfilled: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352199694
Author(s):  
Maximilian Andreas Storz
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
Exercise Counseling ◽  
Poor Nutrition

More and more patients are suffering from multiple concomitant chronic conditions, which are often associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including inadequate physical activity and poor nutrition. Patients increasingly seek thorough advice on lifestyle counseling, however, many physicians encounter this development with a pharmacotherapy-centered strategy—thereby paying insufficient attention to lifestyle modifications. This case report attempts to capture the concerning experience of a particular patient, who was hospitalized for uncontrolled type-2-diabetes in an American hospital. Despite curiosity and a great interest in lifestyle modifications, his desire for lifestyle medicine counseling was not addressed during a long inpatient stay. This case illustrates that patients wish to make sustainable lifestyle changes but apparently receive insufficient support from their physicians. This applies for both, dietary and exercise counseling. To address the patients’ needs and the increasing burden from chronic diseases, physicians must practice lifestyle medicine now. Appropriate educational resources for physicians are provided.

Ultrastructural comparison of prolactin adenomas of pituitary in men and women

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
R.C. Caughey ◽  
U.P. Kalyan-Raman
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Transmission Electron

Prolactin producing pituitary adenomas are ultrastructurally characterized by secretory granules varying in size (150-300nm), abundance of endoplasmic reticulum, and misplaced exocytosis. They are also subclassified as sparsely or densely granulated according to the amount of granules present. The hormone levels in men and women vary, being higher in men; so also the symptoms vary between both sexes. In order to understand this variation, we studied 21 prolactin producing pituitary adenomas by transmission electron microscope. This was out of a total of 80 pituitary adenomas. There were 6 men and 15 women in this group of 21 prolactinomas.All of the pituitary adenomas were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, rinsed in Millonig's phosphate buffer, and post fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide. They were then en bloc stained with 0.5% uranyl acetate, rinsed with Walpole's non-phosphate buffer, dehydrated with graded series of ethanols and embedded with Epon 812 epoxy resin.

Race Difference in Auditory Sensitivity

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Shepherd ◽  
Robert Goldstein ◽  
Benjamin Rosenblüt
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
White Men ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Auditory Sensitivity ◽  
Race Difference ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Békésy Audiometry ◽  
Method Of Adjustment ◽  
Better Than

Two separate studies investigated race and sex differences in normal auditory sensitivity. Study I measured thresholds at 500, 1000, and 2000 cps of 23 white men, 26 white women, 21 negro men, and 24 negro women using the method of limits. In Study II thresholds of 10 white men, 10 white women, 10 negro men, and 10 negro women were measured at 1000 cps using four different stimulus conditions and the method of adjustment by means of Bekesy audiometry. Results indicated that the white men and women in Study I heard significantly better than their negro counterparts at 1000 and 2000 cps. There were no significant differences between the average thresholds measured at 1000 cps of the white and negro men in Study II. White women produced better auditory thresholds with three stimulus conditions and significantly more sensitive thresholds with the slow pulsed stimulus than did the negro women in Study II.

879: Sensitivity Mapping of Adult Men and Women Based on Sagasf Survey

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 233-233
Author(s):  
Justine M. Schober ◽  
Heino F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg ◽  
Philip G. Ransley
Keyword(s):  
Men And Women ◽  
Adult Men
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