scholarly journals CROSS-BORDER REGIONAL RESILIENCE: CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL NOTIONS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Makkonen ◽  
T.J. Hokkanen ◽  
J. Korhonen ◽  
A. Malkamäki
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Barrier Effect ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Linear Fashion ◽  
Regional Resilience ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Promising Avenue

The benefits of crossborder cooperation for regional development have been widely accepted. The progress towards open borders and increased interaction across the border is, thus, seen as a beneficial process for crossborder regions. This process does not, however, proceed in a linear fashion from low to high crossborder integration. Rather, at times the barrier effect of the border is decreased (debordering) and at times increased (rebordering). These changes in the permeability of the border are many times caused by external shocks. However, the crossborder regions need to find ways to cope with these external shocks in order to maintain their current level or to transform themselves into a higher level of crossborder cooperation. This discussion resonates with the concept of regional resilience. Here the concept is applied in a crossborder context to formally define a novel approach, namely crossborder regional resilience, to address the issues of: 1) how resilient are crossborder regions against rebordering and 2) how robust are crossborder cooperation networks against failures in crossborder connectivity. Existing empirical studies along the Finnish Russian border point towards a conclusion that crossborder cooperation in the area is not particularly vulnerable to network failures and that regional actors are constantly trying to cope with recent debordering developments to maintain crossborder cooperation. These findings and the discussion on the theoretical backgrounds of the concept point towards a promising avenue for further research. The issue has also started to attract the attention of policymakers, which further underlines the topicality of addressing resilience in crossborder contexts.

The Impossible Trinity» rule in the context of international experience

2019 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
M.P. Tskhovrebov ◽  
A.S. Tanasova
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

The article is devoted to the «Trilemma» of the policy of the monetary authorities, or the «rule of impossible trinity». This policy compatibility rule, formulated more than 50 years ago, remains relevant today. Its reliability is generally confirmed by a number of empirical studies, although there are also suggestions on the need to adjust this economic and theoretical development. The corresponding discussion also affects the policy of the Bank of Russia (mega-regulator), which carries out inflation targeting in conditions of the free movement of cross-border capital and the use of a floating ruble exchange rate. Regarding the effectiveness of this policy, carried out in the presence of increased sensitivity of the Russian economy to external shocks, the authors express certain doubts.

scholarly journals CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION IN THE CZECH AND POLISH BORDERLAND: EXAMPLE OF THE JESENÍK REGION

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 21-38
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
Important Milestone

The article would like to discuss determinants of Czech-Polish cross-border relations in Jeseník-Nysa-Prudnik districts (Olomouc and Opole regions) and their possible impact on regional development. There are described specificities of these relations which still influence current level of cross border collaboration. The main aim of the article is to describe the situation on Czech- Polish border in Jeseník region after accession into Schengen area in 2007. Thanks to the specific border regime this event plays an important milestone in Czech-Polish cross-border relations. From methodological point of view were used interviews with mayors and other representatives on municipal level as well as questionnaires among local citizens to map the situation 5 years after entering into the Schengen space. We would like also to discuss broader context of cross-border relations and their dynamics to understand better current situation and possible future development.

scholarly journals DEFINITION OF NEW SPATIAL REGIONS IN SOUTH-EAST EUROPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
Kamen Petrov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
South East Europe ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The exhibition presents the problems of cross-border cooperation and opportunities for partnership. Within the European Union, conditions are created for regional development on the national territory, as well as for border and cross-border cooperation. In this direction, the article outlines the processes of building a number of Euroregions, which are designed to promote regional development. This report will clarify some of the reasons for their construction, their role and what model of cooperation is available within the European Economic Area.

scholarly journals Cross-border approach to regions’ smart specialization: experience of the EU member states

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Olha Demedyuk ◽  
Khrystyna Prytula
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Member States ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
The Eu

In the recent decade, the EU Member States have been actively implementing the regional development policy based on innovative strategies of smart specialization. However, lately, European researchers have been paying increasing attention to the issues of regions’ capacity to overcome the boundaries of administrative units inside the country and abroad and to the need to consider regions in the context of their functioning among others, especially from the viewpoint of the growing role of their innovative networks in global value chains. That is why currently the EU is addressing the development of cross-border smart specialization strategies. The paper aims to study the European experience on the functioning of cross-border innovation systems and joint strategic planning of cross-border regions’ development based on smart specialization and to outline the opportunities to implement the EU experience of cross-border approach to smart specialization in cross-border regions of Ukraine with EU Member States. The paper analyzes the views of foreign researchers on the links between innovation systems in cross-border space that constitute the theoretical basis of the study of cross-border smart specialization strategies, namely regarding the dimensions and level of their development. The research of European scientists on cross-border innovation systems in specific cross-border regions is examined, in particular on Spanish-French and German-French borders. Directions of implementation of smart specialization projects in cross-border context under the EU programs and other EU instruments that support regions in cooperation for the elaboration of joint view of development with neighbouring economically, socially, culturally, and historically close regions are outlined. The experience and methodology of the first cross-border smart specialization strategy for Spanish and Portuguese regions are studied in detail. The opportunities to use the EU experience by several Western Ukrainian regions based on the joint smart specialization priorities with the neighboring EU states are outlined. For this purpose, 1) the RIS3 strategies of the regions of Poland and Romania adjoining Ukraine and Regional Development Strategies of respective Ukrainian regions were analyzed to detect similar smart specialization priorities; 2) the clusters in the mentioned regions were analyzed as main drivers of achievement of smart specialization goals to detect similar or complementary functioning areas.

Clustering Approaches for Top-k Recommender Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 1950019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Torres ◽  
Marcelo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Recommender Systems ◽  
Recommender System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Parallel Architecture ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Cluster Solution ◽  
Novel Approach

Clustering-based recommender systems bound the seek of similar users within small user clusters providing fast recommendations in large-scale datasets. Then groups can naturally be distributed into different data partitions scaling up in the number of users the recommender system can handle. Unfortunately, while the number of users and items included in a cluster solution increases, the performance in terms of precision of a clustering-based recommender system decreases. We present a novel approach that introduces a cluster-based distance function used for neighborhood computation. In our approach, clusters generated from the training data provide the basis for neighborhood selection. Then, to expand the search of relevant users, we use a novel measure that can exploit the global cluster structure to infer cluster-outside user’s distances. Empirical studies on five widely known benchmark datasets show that our proposal is very competitive in terms of precision, recall, and NDCG. However, the strongest point of our method relies on scalability, reaching speedups of 20× in a sequential computing evaluation framework and up to 100× in a parallel architecture. These results show that an efficient implementation of our cluster-based CF method can handle very large datasets providing also good results in terms of precision, avoiding the high computational costs involved in the application of more sophisticated techniques.

scholarly journals Cross-border Euro-regional activation and regional development in Slovakia

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 547-554
Author(s):  
Ľ. Falťan
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Political Transition ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Regional Associations ◽  
Significant Activation

Social-political transition in the former socialist countries led to a new understanding of borders and created the prerequisites for renaissance and significant activation of the cross-border co-operation. This way, Slovakia along with other countries joined the Euro-regional movement in Europe, which spread since the end of 60-ies through Western-European countries. Formation and institutionalisation of Euro-regional relations, links and co-operation was initially hindered by a whole range of obstacles, including the ones with political background. It was obvious mainly in Slovakia where it influenced the existence and potential establishment of new Euro-regional associations. Rebirth of the Euro-regional activities started after 1998. Currently, there are Euro-regions practically operating along the entire Slovak border with its neighbours. The extent and form of institutionalisation and professional staffing varies. Activities of Euro-regions are merely based on projects which bring funding. Projects are broadly oriented, while the prevailing focus is currently on the economic activation of Euro-regions. There is a lack of partner co-operation and co-ordination of activities between countries and their activities, including cross-border activities and activities of Euro-regions. Euro-regional activities play a significant role in activation of border areas in the country, while they have a complementary character for the regional state policy and regional policy of self-governed regions which is being formulated.

scholarly journals Money: An Integrated Review and Synthesis From a Psychological Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xijing Wang ◽  
Zhansheng Chen ◽  
Eva G. Krumhuber
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Social Distinction ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Future Work

Many empirical studies have demonstrated the psychological effects of various aspects of money, including the aspiration for money, mere thoughts about money, possession of money, and placement of people in economic contexts. Although multiple aspects of money and varied methodologies have been focused on and implemented, the underlying mechanisms of the empirical findings from these seemingly isolated areas significantly overlap. In this article, we operationalize money as a broad concept and take a novel approach by providing an integrated review of the literature and identifying five major streams of mechanisms: (a) self-focused behavior; (b) inhibited other-oriented behavior; (c) favoring of a self–other distinction; (d) money’s relationship with self-esteem and self-efficacy; and (e) goal pursuit, objectification, outcome maximization, and unethicality. Moreover, we propose a unified psychological perspective for the future—money as an embodiment of social distinction—which could potentially account for past findings and generate future work.

scholarly journals Understanding beverage taxation: Perspective on the Philadelphia Beverage Tax’s novel approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Kane ◽  
Vasanti S. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Health Impact Assessments ◽  
Political Entrepreneurs

Despite the growing global trend of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes for their potential as an untapped source of revenue and as a public health boon, these legislative efforts remain controversial. Multiple articles have reviewed this trend in recent years from modeling of long-term impacts to short-term empirical studies, yet most comprehensive, long-term health impact assessments remain forthcoming. These multi-faceted efficacy studies combined with case-based assessments of the policy process, descriptive pieces highlighting unique features of the policy and reflective perspectives targeting unanswered questions create a comprehensive body of literature to help inform present and future legislative efforts. The passage of the Philadelphia Beverage tax required a mix of political entrepreneurs, timing and context; while uniquely employing a nonpublic health frame, specific earmarking and a broadened scope with the inclusion of diet beverages. This perspective on the Philadelphia Beverage Tax will describe the passage and novel features of the Philadelphia Beverage Tax with a discussion of the ethical questions unique to this case.

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