scholarly journals HIGH CONCENTRATION OF 2, 4-D TREATMENT MAY NOT RESULT IN MANTLED VARIATION DURING CALLUS INDUCTION OF OIL PALM

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Concentration

scholarly journals Induction of callus in Cassia mimosoides

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 02017
Author(s):  
Yali Yang ◽  
Peiting He ◽  
Jiayi Zhang ◽  
Lijian Jin ◽  
Baoying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Growth Status ◽  
Exogenous Addition ◽  
Young Leaves

In this study, the young leaves of Cassia mimosoides were used as explants. On the basis of 1/2 MS +2.0 mg/L 6-BA +0.5 mg/L NAA medium, we observed the effect of adding different factors on the callus induction of C. mimosoides. The results shown that after 20 days of callus induction, it was found that the addition of 150 mg/L vitamin C (VC) did not affect the induction efficiency, but the growth of callus became slower; and when the concentration was higher than 150 mg/L, the formation of callus would be inhibited. The induction of callus would be restrained while adding different concentrations of Cu2+ into mediums. Moreover, glutamine (Gln) had little effect on the induction of callus. Furthermore, the addition of hydrolyzed casein (CH) would not affect the formation of callus, but the high concentration of CH could affect the growth status of callus. The induction efficiency of callus was severely inhibited by exogenous addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3), and the growth status of callus was poor, and the phenomenons of early rooting had happened at the same time. The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for the subsequent optimization of bud proliferation and rooting in C. mimosoides.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CULTURE MEDIA TYPE AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON CALLUS INDUCTION OF OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) PISIFERA TYPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Gogoh Sulaksono ◽  
Mery Hasmeda ◽  
Laila Hanum ◽  
Fahmi Wendra ◽  
Baitha Santika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Culture Techniques

Oil palm has a high economic value since it is one of the highest vegetable oil-producing plants compared to other oil-producing plants. The provision of good planting material for oil palm plantations is one of the determining factors to increase productivity. The parent Pisifera type of oil palm is important to develop the high-yielding oil palm Tenera varieties. The provision of oil palm material could be done through generative system with seeds and also could be done through vegetative approaches using tissue culture techniques. It aims to get plants that are genetically the same as their parents (true to type). The purpose of this study was to see the effect of different type of tissue culture media and plant growth regulators (PGR’s) on the callus induction stage of Pisifera type oil palm. The results show that the treatment using Murasige and Skoog (MS) culture media is able to give a better effect when compared to the use of Eeuwens and Blake (Y3) basic media. While the use of PGR treatment (H6 = NAA 6 mg/l + 2.4-D 0.5 mg/l) showed a callus growth percentage of 76%, which was better than (H1 = Kin 0.1 mg/l + 2.4-D 100 mg/l) by 42%.

scholarly journals In Vitro Induction of Callus and Flowers in Immature Oil Palm Inflorescences

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Marcília Gabriella Tavares Monteiro ◽  
Joanne Moraes de Melo Souza ◽  
Hugo Alves Pinheiro ◽  
Oriel Filgueira De Lemos ◽  
Raimundo Parente De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Induction Rate ◽  
Immature Oil ◽  
Inflorescence Explants ◽  
In Vitro Induction

This work aimed to investigate the effects of different combinations of auxin (0, 225 and 450 µM Picloram) and Murashige and Skoog salts (50% and 100% MS salt concentrations, respectively named as ½ MS and MS) in mediate the induction of callus and flowers from immature inflorescences (developmental stages I-9, I-12 and I-15) of the oil palm BRS – Manicoré hybrid. In I-9 inflorescence explants, the rate of callus induction was 17% higher in ½ MS than in MS; while in both I-12 and I-15 inflorescence explants, callus induction was over than 95% regardless of the MS salt concentration. The higher rate of callus induction in I-9 inflorescences was mediated by 450 µM Picloram, while the callus induction rates for either I-12 or I-15 inflorescences were higher than 92% regardless of Picloram concentration. Floral induction was lower in I-9 inflorescence explants (45% floral induction rate) than in both I-12 and I-15 inflorescence explants (floral induction rate higher than 90%). Our results suggest that Picloram (450 µM) and MS salts concentrations (½ MS) led to the highest rates of calluses and flowers induction in younger inflorescence explants (I-9); however, the medium composition is indifferent on callus and flower induction in I-12 and I-15 inflorescences.

scholarly journals Lignocellulosic of Oil Palm Biomass to Chemical Product via Fermentation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan M. Said ◽  
Nor Farhana Hamid ◽  
Mohamad Al-Aamin Razali ◽  
Nur Fathin Shamirah Daud
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Lignocellulosic Material ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Oil Palm Biomass ◽  
Palm Frond

The world’s largest contribution to biomass comes from lignocellulosic material. Oil palm biomass is one of the most important sources of lignocellulosic material in Asia, with biomass produced four times that of palm oil. Oil palm trunk (OPT), oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), oil palm frond (OPF), and palm oil mill effluent (POME) are examples of biomass lignocellulosic materials produced. Unfortunately, the majority of waste is disposed of in landfills, causing serious environmental issues such as global warming and the greenhouse effect. These wastes are known to contain a high concentration of cellulose and hemicellulose. Because of its high carbohydrate content, it has a promising future as a feedstock for the fermentation process, which can produce a variety of chemical products at a low cost. This chapter will describe the biochemical products produced from various oil palm biomass via various fermentation processes involving various microorganism strains.

scholarly journals BIODEGRADASI LIMBAH TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) MENGGUNAKAN KONSORSIUM AKTERI PENGHASIL ENZIM SELULASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ina Darliana
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
A Value ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research was conducted to observe the consortium cellulose enzyme activity that bacterial comes from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste. The use of bacterial isolates derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste is expected to have a good effect, because the bacteria have been adapted to live in a waste environment that has a high concentration of organic matter. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of cellulose enzyme consortium of bacteria from palm oil waste in the process of biodegradation of oil palm empty fruit bunch waste (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). The method used is descriptive method. The oil palm empty fruit bunch substrate was fermented and then cellulose enzyme activity was tested using the Somogyi-Nelson method. Doses of bacterial inoculums used in this study were 5% and 10%. The results showed that the consortium of bacteria from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste at a concentration of 5% with a value of 4.58 units / ml on day 21 had the highest cellulose enzyme activity.

scholarly journals Effect of culture media, auxins and genotypes on plantlet regeneration from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) zygotic embryos through somatic embryogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1232-1238
Author(s):  
D.S. Sparjanbabu ◽  
◽  
P.N. Kumar ◽  
S.R.K. Motukuri ◽  
D. Ramajayam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: This study evaluated efficient culture media for the regeneration of elite material through somatic embryogenesis from oil palm zygotic embryos. Methodology: For callus induction, zygotic embryos of four elite genotypes (G1-264T, G2-238DX17P, G3-37DX17P and G4-237T) were cultured on three basal media (Y3, MS and N6) with different auxin 2 mg l-1 (Picloram, 2,4-D and Dicamba) combinations. Subculture was made every month for three passages. It evaluated various callus characters. The embryogenic calli from callus induction media were transferred to the embryo maturation medium and subcultured until the polyembryoids formed. For shoot and root formation, somatic embryo clumps were transferred into regeneration media. In-vitro plantlets with well-grown roots were hardened in pots for six weeks and assessed clonal fidelity using polymorphic SSR primers. Results: Among the treatments, calli from N6+2,4-D, Y3+2,4-D and N6+Picloram showed the highest embryogenic callus potential. G4-237T induced more embryogenic calli (32.982) among genotypes, which was on par with G1-264T (24.196). Embryogenic calli grown on N6 media with Dicamba showed the highest proliferation rate (1.141). After 60 days of culture on regeneration media, the highest number of plantlets per somatic embryogenic clump was obtained from G1-264T on N6 media supplemented with Dicamba. Interpretation: Culture media salt concentration showed a significant difference among media by causing perturbations of auxin flow during somatic embryogenesis affecting callus induction, proliferation and plantlet regeneration. This may be useful for standardizing the genotype-specific regeneration media in oil palm.

Cytomembrane Preservation in Tissue Dehydrated Only With Glutaraldehyde and Epon 812 Resin

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Unpublished Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sectioned Material

A previous study demonstrated that tissue could be successfully infiltrated with 50% glutaraldehyde, and then subsequently polymerized with urea to create an embedment which retained cytomembrane lipids in sectioned material. As a result, the 180-190 Å periodicity characteristic of fresh, mammalian myelin was preserved in sections, as was a brilliant birefringence, and the capacity to bind OsO4 vapor in the hydrophobic bilayers. An associated (unpublished) study, carried out in co-operation with Drs. C.K. Akers and D.F. Parsons, demonstrated that the high concentration of glutaraldehyde (and urea) did not significantly alter the X-ray diffraction pattern of aldehyde-fixed, myelin. Thus, by itself, 50% glutaraldehyde has little effect upon cytomembrane systems and can be used with confidence for the first stages of dehydration.

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