scholarly journals Role of Building Sector in Consumption of Energy in Pakistan

sjesr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Yasmeen Abid Maan ◽  
Dr. Munazzah Akhtar ◽  
Maryam Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
The World

Energy Efficiency has become an integral necessity at a global scale and with the rapidly escalating population around the world, the energy demand has also amplified to extreme levels, making the provision of energy a real challenge. Henceforth, implementation of more efficient conservative measures must be targeted as the supply of fossil fuels is not infinite and the extensive energy consumption is causing harm to the environment. With the continuously growing demand for energy, and as per the forecast of the International Energy Agency, it is expected that the rise will be up to fifty percent by 2030. Recently, more than eighty percent of primary energy demand is being fulfilled by fossil fuels; and the reservoirs of fossil fuels are fast depleting. The result is climate change at the global level, leading to unprecedented and varied effects on weather events, droughts, and hurricanes in many countries and also flooding in major sectors of the world. It has been realized that fifty percent of the energy produced in the world is utilized by residential buildings. To control the emission of greenhouse gases, it is important to use architectural design techniques to make residential buildings more energy efficient for maintaining the thermal comfort level of occupants.

Neither oil nor coal demand is likely to peak by 2040

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Primary Energy Demand ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
First Time

Subject Long-term energy markets outlook. Significance The International Energy Agency (IEA) has upgraded its forecast for total primary energy demand (TPED) to 2040 for the first time since it began projecting this far out in 2014. Impacts The IEA’s belief that the world is on an environmentally unsustainable path will bolster decarbonisation efforts nationally and globally. The IEA does not see oil demand peaking by 2040; this and gas’s growing share of global demand will help sustain oil and gas investment. China and India switching from coal to gas will reduce coal’s share of energy demand even though India’s official targets are optimistic.

Interview: 2022 SPE President Kamel Ben-Naceur

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Kamel Ben-Naceur ◽  
Pam Boschee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainability Program ◽  
Energy Consulting

2022 SPE President Kamel Ben-Naceur Kamel Ben-Naceur is CEO of Nomadia Energy Consulting, where he advises on sustainable energy policies and global and regional energy economics and outlooks. He has worked as the chief economist for a major oil and gas company and for an oilfield services company. Ben-Naceur has also worked as a director of the International Energy Agency and as the industry, energy, and mines minister for the Tunisian government. He has chaired several SPE global committees, including Business Management and Leadership, the International Forum Series, and CO2 Capture, Utilization, and Storage. He has also taught several SPE courses on global energy and strategic thinking and planning. He was technical director for the Management and Information discipline on the SPE International Board of Directors from 2008 to 2011. Ben-Naceur was also an SPE Distinguished Lecturer during the 2009–2010 season and received an SPE Distinguished Member Award and SPE Distinguished Service Award in 2014, the AIME Charles F. Rand Memorial Gold Award in 2019, and the 2020 Sustainability and Stewardship in the Oil and Gas Industry Award. He has coauthored more than 150 publications and 17 books. Ben-Naceur holds the Agrégation de Mathématiques degree from the École normale supérieure and a master’s degree in engineering from École Polytechnique in Paris. What key issues will you emphasize as 2022 SPE President? Our industry, along with many other economical sectors, has experienced a major impact from the pandemic. The magnitude of the drop in oil demand in 2020, both in absolute and relative terms, is unprecedented. It led also to a major reduction in oilfield investment activity around the world, in the order of 30% compared to pre-COVID-19 levels. The fast-track development of vaccines and their availability, even though progress is still required to ensure that they are distributed fairly around the world, is raising hope that the worst may be behind us. SPE members have also been impacted in their ability to meet at technical conferences and exhibitions and participate in workshops or forums. As 2022 SPE President, the theme I wish to develop is the “sustainable recovery” for our industry and for SPE. The industry has experienced in 2020–2021 a major loss of valuable employees ranging from young professionals to senior members. This has followed a major downcycle in 2014–2015. After a 30% drop in Capex in 2020 compared to 2019, 2021 should see a modest recovery in activity (6–8% increase). The next year should welcome a 10–12% activity surge, providing an increase in employment opportunities for our members in transition, as well as for our student members. Barring new negative developments in the pandemic, the recovery in activity should strengthen to reach pre-COVID levels by 2025, albeit 15–20% below the level that was expected before. The recovery of demand and activity should also be linked to a more sustainable trajectory of energy demand and supply. Sustainability will be my second area of focus, with SPE having already engaged significantly. I had the opportunity to participate in the startup of the SPE GAIA Sustainability Program, which is now developing into many different directions, thanks to the efforts of SPE volunteers. 2019 SPE President Sami Al-Nuaim had put sustainability at the heart of his presidency, and I am pleased to see several of his initiatives materialize. The third area of focus will be a gradual restart of physical meetings, where we will transition with the increase of hybrid (in-person/virtual) events, which is eagerly anticipated by our members. The fourth area of focus is related to the development of the new SPE Strategic Plan. Last but not least, is the proposed merger between SPE and the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG).

scholarly journals Role of Renewable Energy in India’s Energy Basket

2021 ◽  
Vol 927 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
G P Girish ◽  
Sweta Singh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
Installed Capacity

Abstract World is witnessing a trend of countries adopting renewable energy sources viz.a.viz. Fossil fuels dominated energy sources. International Energy Agency believes that by 2025 energy produced from Renewable energy sources will most likely surpass electricity generated by coal. India being one of the largest producer and consumer of electricity in the world is already one of the largest producers of energy from renewable sources in the world with 38%+ of India’s total installed capacity from renewable energy sources. In this study we analyze and review the role that Renewable Energy is going to play in India’s Energy basket. With growing dependence on non-fossil fuels, it’s imperative for industry participants, policy makers, governments and researchers to decipher what is the role that is going to be played by energy produced from renewable energy sources in India’s energy basket from a strategic as well as policy making perspective.

scholarly journals Recent trends and issues in energy conservation technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Ömer Faruk Ulusoy ◽  
Erkan Pektaş
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
The World

Energy efficiency is a set of measures to prevent the loss of energy in gas, steam, air and electricity, to reduce energy demand by recycling and evaluating various wastes, or to reduce production by advanced technology, more efficient energy resources, advanced industrial processes, and energy recovery.  The International Energy Agency announced that world energy consumption increased by 45% since 1980 and would be 70% higher by 2030 [1]. The energy policy of the future will be on saving, energy efficiency and renewable energy trilogy. Today, with the industrial revolution, the environmental problems and the damages caused by the world we live in today have reached the dimensions that threaten human health and ecological balance. Considering that the energy consumed in the world is in buildings, every measure that reduces energy consumption is very important in terms of improving life conditions. For this purpose, the importance of renewable energy sources in the design of energy architecture principles in energy efficiency and sustainable environments is stated.

Global clean energy transition will be slow

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Content Type

Subject Carbon reduction strategies. Significance The International Energy Agency (IEA) in March published its latest status report on trends in energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. The report found that demand increased by 2.1% in 2017 (more than in previous years) and that most of that increase was met with fossil fuels. Global energy-related emissions grew 1.4%, reversing recent trends. These developments reinforce concerns that the transition towards a low- or zero-carbon economy is not progressing as quickly as it needs to if climate change is to be limited. Impacts Renewed carbon capture momentum will require a significant increase in carbon prices to improve the viability of investments. Major electricity supply disruptions would help revive interest in nuclear power. The prospects for increased energy efficiency are largely dependent upon the future trajectory of energy prices.

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

scholarly journals Achieving Net Zero Carbon Dioxide by Sequestering Biomass Carbon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Amelse
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
The World

Mitigation of global warming requires an understanding of where energy is produced and consumed, the magnitude of carbon dioxide generation, and proper understanding of the Carbon Cycle. The latter leads to the distinction between and need for both CO2 and biomass CARBON sequestration. Short reviews are provided for prior technologies proposed for reducing CO2 emissions from fossil fuels or substituting renewable energy, focusing on their limitations. None offer a complete solution. Of these, CO2 sequestration is poised to have the largest impact. We know how to do it. It will just cost money, and scale-up is a huge challenge. Few projects have been brought forward to semi-commercial scale. Transportation accounts for only about 30% of U.S. overall energy demand. Biofuels penetration remains small, and thus, they contribute a trivial amount of overall CO2 reduction, even though 40% of U.S. corn and 30% of soybeans are devoted to their production. Bioethanol is traced through its Carbon Cycle and shown to be both energy inefficient, and an inefficient use of biomass carbon. Both biofuels and CO2 sequestration reduce FUTURE CO2 emissions from continued use of fossil fuels. They will not remove CO2 ALREADY in the atmosphere. The only way to do that is to break the Carbon Cycle by growing biomass from atmospheric CO2 and sequestering biomass CARBON. Theoretically, sequestration of only a fraction of the world’s tree leaves, which are renewed every year, can get the world to Net Zero CO2 without disturbing the underlying forests.

scholarly journals Passive solar systems for buildings: performance indicators analysis and guidelines for the design

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Giacomo Cillari ◽  
Fabio Fantozzi ◽  
Alessandro Franco
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Passive Solar

Data from the International Energy Agency confirm that in a zero-energy perspective the integration of solar systems in buildings is essential. The development of passive solar strategies has suffered the lack of standard performance indicators and design guidelines. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical analysis of the main passive solar design strategies based on their classification, performance evaluation and selection methods, with a focus on integrability. Climate and latitude affect the amount of incident solar radiation and the heat losses, while integrability mainly depends on the building structure. For existing buildings, shading and direct systems represent the easiest and most effective passive strategies, while building orientation and shape are limited to new constructions: proper design can reduce building energy demand around 40%. Commercial buildings prefer direct use systems while massive ones with integrated heat storage are more suitable for family houses. A proper selection must consider the energy and economic balance of different building services involved: a multi-objective evaluation method represents the most valid tool to determine the overall performance of passive solar strategies.

Regional Multilateralism with Chinese Characteristics

2020 ◽  
pp. 313-340
Author(s):  
Srikanth Kondapalli
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Technology Control ◽  
Control Regime

While it is notable that China has become a member of almost all international organizations (excepting the OECD, International Energy Agency, and Missile Technology Control Regime), much less noticeable has been China’s steadily increasing involvement in regional multilateral organizations and groups of nations. As China has expanded its global footprint into literally every continent and part of the planet, Beijing has sought to join existing institutions in those regions—but what is particularly noteworthy is that China has stimulated and created a wide range of new organizations and regional groupings all around the world. That is what this chapter is about—China’s regional multilateralism. Such Chinese initiatives most notably include: the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Association of Southeast Asian Nations Plus China (ASEAN + 10), Brazil-Russia-India-China-South Africa (BRICS), Forum for China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), China–Arab States Cooperation Forum (CACF), China–Central and Eastern Europe Countries (CEEC), and a series of groupings in Latin America (China–Latin America Forum, China-Caribbean Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum, China–Latin America Common Market Dialogue, and China–Latin America Business Summit). China has been either the initiator of, or actively engaged in, the creation of all these groupings.

Analysis of Energy System in South Africa Using Exponential Smoothing Approach and Regression Technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Ghiasi ◽  
Alireza Aslani ◽  
Younes Noorollahi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Exponential Smoothing ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Simple Exponential Smoothing

The energy demand has increased dramatically in the recent decades. Due to the limitations and environmental effects of fossil fuels, secure level of energy supply is vital for economic and social development. This work is to review the energy sector in South Africa. After that, the consumptions of coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear energy are estimated by employing simple exponential smoothing methodology. Finding shows that the primary energy consumption in the South Africa is correlated as a function of population growth rate, industrial growth rate, and GDP.

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