scholarly journals Impacts of vehicle tire on slip resistance and sound pollution in asphalt pavements

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Saeed Abbassi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Slip Resistance ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pavement Friction

Noise pollution caused by vehicle traffic is one of the major problems in urban areas with road expansion. Due to the increase in the cost of construction and installation of sound walls to deal with noise pollution, to deal with this problem should look for methods that do not have additional costs and operating costs. Improving the pavement texture is one of the most effective ways to reduce tire noise and pavement and reduce the asphalt surface’s sound. To evaluate the slip resistance of asphalt, the English pendulum test according to ASTM E303-74 standard was performed on wet parts of asphalt in wet conditions. This device is used to examine the fine texture of the pavement. The number of pavement friction with a negative coefficient of 0.1469 has an inverse ratio with the intensity of sound level increases the number of pavement friction aligned with the amount of sound level created decreases. On the other hand, the depth of pavement texture, which is determined as the size of pavement materials, with a coefficient of 0.2810, has a direct ratio with the amount of noise pollution, and the smaller the number of fine-grained materials used will increase the sound level. According to the results of the coefficients estimated from the equation, it can be concluded that the preparation of pavements with an amount of friction can reduce the amount of noise pollution emitted by the movement of vehicles, especially in urban areas and sensitive areas. Therefore, it is recommended that in acoustically sensitive areas, in preparing pavements, arrangements be made to use coarser materials and maintain proper pavement resistance. For this purpose, in this article, the pavement’s texture is examined in the amount of noise created due to the tire’s interaction and the pavement.

scholarly journals Noise Pollution in Urban Residential Environments: Evidence from Students’ Hostels in Awka, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Nicholas OBI ◽  
◽  
Joy Sylvia OBI ◽  
Eziyi IBEM ◽  
Dickson NWALUSI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sound Barriers ◽  
Level Meter ◽  
Area Data

Noise pollution and its concomitant effects on humans and environment has reached dangerous levels in many urban areas across the world. However, very little is known about the sources and effects of noise pollution within students’ hostels in a developing country like Nigeria. This study investigated urban noise pollution in residential neighbourhoods, using the Nnamdi Azikiwe University students’ off-campus accommodation in Awka, southeast Nigeria as the study area. Data were obtained through measurements of noise levels using sound level meter and by conducting a survey to gather feedback from 260 students in the study area. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square tests were used to analyse the data; the results revealed mean noise levels of 89.8 dB(A) and 46.9 dB(A) during noisy and quiet periods, respectively. The main sources of noise were portable electricity generators, vehicular traffic and loudspeakers used by students and business operators; they were found to have deleterious effects such as low tolerance, headache, anger, lack of concentration and low productivity on the students. The study concludes by noting that to effectively minimize the effects of noise pollution within urban residential neighbourhoods in the study area and beyond, architects and urban planners should engage in proper land use zoning and the application of sound absorbing materials on walls and locating balconies of residential buildings away from noise sources. In addition, vegetation belts and sound barriers of earth mounds or wood, metal or concrete could also be constructed between the sources of noise and residential buildings, especially in the case of roadside communities.

Noise pollution in old and new urban fabric with focus on traffic flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad R Monazzam ◽  
Vahideh Abolhasannejad ◽  
Bibi Narjes Moasheri ◽  
Vahid Abolhasannejad ◽  
Hamid Kardanmoghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Mean

Noise pollution is considered as one of the effective factors affecting people’s quality of life in urban areas throughout the world. Traffic is a major source of noise in urban areas with wide ranging effects on human. The present study aims to determine the mean of noise levels in old and new urban fabric and their relationship with the traffic flow. Acoustic survey was performed during one week in each month of the summer in assigned stations. In this investigation, using a sound level meter and BS 7445-1-2003, BS 7445-3-1991, Leq10 min was measured and the percentage of highly annoyed people was estimated. The data were analyzed by using statistical tests and SPSS software. The results show that the mean of noise levels measured in all stations during the three months of the summer was higher than the standard limit. The relationship between the mean of noise level and the traffic flow in areas in new fabric was significant but not in those in old fabric. Higher rates of noise pollution in old fabrics and lack of significant relationship with the traffic flow in those points show that noise pollution can be reduced in the city to a great extent by considering effective traffic rules, widening crowded streets, and improving those conditions that govern urbanization. Of course, the amount of the porosity of asphalt, bumpy streets, and even technical defect of motor vehicles should not be ignored.

scholarly journals How Can Low-Frequency Noise Exposure Interact with the Well-Being of a Population? Some Results from a Portuguese Municipality

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Araújo Alves ◽  
Lígia Torres Silva ◽  
Paula Remoaldo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Low Frequency Noise ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Exposed Population

Noise pollution is the second most harmful environmental stressor in Europe. Portugal is the fourth European country most affected by noise pollution, whereby 23.0% of the population is affected. This article aims to analyze the effects of exposure to low frequency noise pollution, emitted by power poles and power lines, on the population’s well-being, based on a study of “exposed” and “unexposed” individuals in two predominantly urban areas in north-western Portugal. To develop the research, we used sound level (n = 62) and sound recording measurements, as well as adapted audiometric test performance (n = 14) and surveys conducted with the resident population (n = 200). The sound levels were measured (frequency range between 10 to 160 Hz) and compared with a criterion curve developed by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). The sound recorded was performed 5 m away from the source (400 kV power pole). Surveys were carried out with the “exposed” and “unexposed” populations, and adapted audiometric tests were performed to complement the analysis and to determine the threshold of audibility of “exposed” and “unexposed” volunteers. The “exposed” area has higher sound levels and, consequently, more problems with well-being and health than the “unexposed” population. The audiometric tests also revealed that the “exposed” population appears to be less sensitive to low frequencies than the “unexposed” population.

scholarly journals Cost and Environmental Impacts of a Mixed Fleet of Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9413
Author(s):  
Justin Fraselle ◽  
Sabine Louise Limbourg ◽  
Laura Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Lca Methodology ◽  
Electricity Mix ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
The Cost

Urban parcel delivery is increasingly restricted by regulations limiting access to certain heavy or high emitting vehicles to reduce emissions and noise pollution in cities. Cargo bikes represent an alternative solution that enables deliveries with low environmental impact, but they may represent a higher economic cost and come with constraints like battery autonomy or small loading capacity. As a transport scheme relying on bikes for the last miles with fewer externalities, it is regarded as an environmentally friendly choice, and economic sustainability is assessed. This paper aims to present the environmental and economic aspects of different delivery means of transport in European urban areas. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is selected to analyse the environmental impact of several vehicles, allowing us to quantify the emissions according to the loading factor. The electricity mix is an important parameter and makes the results vary according to the country studied. For the economic aspect, the cost price allows us to quantify the operational cost of each means of transport. A trade-off can thus be made between the two.

Low-Noise Asphalt Pavements in Urban Areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 282-286
Author(s):  
Petr Kozak ◽  
Ondrej Dasek ◽  
Radka Matuszkova ◽  
Michal Radimsky
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Vehicle Speed

Current requirements for the reduction of the noise pollution in inhabited areas are constantly increasing. Acoustic wearing courses represent the real measures how to directly mitigate sources of road traffic noise created by a tire/road contact. Directly reduced noise emissions created by a tire/road contact don't need further mitigation by expensive noise barriers. Noise emissions on two different types of wearing courses of asphalt mixtures (Asphalt concrete for very thin layers and Low-noise stone mastic asphalt) were measured using the specialized device operating on the basis of CPX (Close Proximity method) and compared with the standard mixture of Asphalt concrete. Differences were between 1 dB and 5 dB depending on the wearing course and the vehicle speed. The efficiency of the low-noise asphalt pavements was also compared with the initial costs of the pavements. The economical evaluation confirmed that the initial costs of the acoustic wearing courses are higher than the costs of the standard asphalt concrete mixture. However the noise reduction by 1 dB using the asphalt concrete for very thin layers increases the costs just by 350 USD (considering the same length and width of the road segment), which makes acoustic wearing courses the economically efficient noise reducing measure.

scholarly journals QUIETE: a scheme for a new index of the environmental quality of green areas

Noise Mapping ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Brambilla ◽  
Veronica Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Noise Mitigation ◽  
Public Park ◽  
Green Areas

AbstractNotwithstanding the green areas are important for preserving and promoting the health of population, they are often exposed to noise pollution, especially in urban areas. However, the perceived quality of a green area does not depend only by its sonic environment, as all the human senses contribute to form the individual appraisal together with other features of the area. Thus, an holistic approach is required as that offered by the soundscape approach. The present paper proposes the scheme of a new index, QUIETE, to quantify the quality of a public park, taking into account its perceived overall quality and the relative sound level determined by the difference between the noise descriptor LA (i.e. LAeq, LA50, . . .) and a reference level Lref . By the QUIETE index it is easy to identify the areas requiring noise mitigation actions, and provide understandable information to the users of the park on the areas for their enjoyable fruition. The formulation of the QUIETE index is rather flexible and the reference level Lref has to be fixed considering the objective to accomplish. To evaluate the feasibility and potential of QUIETE, it has been applied to the data collected in 8 urban parks in Milan and Rome with different location (from downtown to suburban area) and size. The Lref value has been set at the noise limit issued by current Italian legislation for green areas (LAeq = 50 dBA for day-time). A “tentative” rating scale for QUIETE is also proposed and its values are reported by a colored scale on the map of the park to summarize the data and to pr

Application of BP Neural Network in Traffic Noise Prediction

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3838-3842
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Li Hua Lin ◽  
Rui Tian
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Prediction

A model of BP neural network for road traffic noise prediction was established by using some road traffic parameters in this paper. Then use this model to predict equivalent continual sound level of road traffic noise, After an overview about the neural approach, the learning; and production phase results are shown and contrasted with the measured data. They point out how good is the approach proposed to model noise pollution in urban areas.

High ambient noise levels in Vadodara City, India, affected by urbanization

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Singh ◽  
Hitesh Dhiman ◽  
Sadaf Shaikh ◽  
Purvish Shah ◽  
Roma Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Unsupervised Classification ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Ambient Noise Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

AbstractThe present research was conducted to study the urbanization of Vadodara city and to monitor the ambient noise level in the industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones of the city. A settlement map created by unsupervised classification for the land use and land cover study of Vadodara city clearly shows the increasing pattern of urbanization in its central part, which may be the result of urban sprawl due to migration of people from the rural to the urban areas. The fluctuation in ambient noise level was recorded using an A-weighted sound level meter in all the four zones of Vadodara city for 3 h at regular intervals of 15 min on 3 consecutive days at the same time. The results showed the highest equivalent noise level of 93.7 dBA in the commercial zone followed by 85.5 dBA in the industrial zone, 73.2 dBA in silence zone, and 70.2 dBA in the residential zone. The values of noise level were high in all the zones of the city increasing remarkably over the prescribed limit given in the Noise Pollution (Control and Regulation) Rules, 2000. Continuous exposure to such high level of noise may lead to detrimental effect on people.

scholarly journals Static calculations in the context of sewer pipe sliplining by polymer hose

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 09019
Author(s):  
Oleg Primin ◽  
Vladimir Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pipe Rehabilitation

The growing deterioration and unsatisfactory technical condition of the pipes of water supply and wastewater disposal networks in Russian cities and other inhabited localities, as well as limited (under the conditions of Russian housing and utilities sector reforming) funding of pipeline renovation and rehabilitation have considerably aggravated the problem of pipe reliability provision. These factors make pipe renovation and rehabilitation quite a topical issue. A very promising trend in the field of pipeline construction and renovation named “trenchless technologies” has been commonly used in the world in recent years. A wide choice of different construction materials used for pipe rehabilitation appeared in the market. Under the conditions of densely built-up urban areas, these methods are of great current interest for city utilities. Quite different pipe renovation methods are used currently but the most popular method comprises the application of a flexible polymeric hose that makes it possible to form a new composite pipe inside the old one. The wall thickness of such a hose is among the important factors that have an impact on the cost and efficiency of pipe renovation methods based on the application of flexible polymeric hoses. The hose wall thickness is determined on the basis of calculating the “soil - old pipe - hose” system in view of its static stability. The article describes the technology for the trenchless rehabilitation of water pipes and the strength calculation method for a “pipe - polymeric hose” double-layer structure.

scholarly journals Studies on temporal variation of sound level on long time scale in Burdwan town � A Case Study from West Bengal, India.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 04
Author(s):  
Arnab Banerjee ◽  
Buddhadev Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Level Meter

Noise pollution is recognized as one of the major fear that affects the quality of life in urban areas across the globe. Burdwan, a district headquarter (100 km away from Kolkata) is one such town where noise pollution is very frequent. For assessing the noise pollution trend on long term scale noise data were collected from various places of the town by sound level meter with a duration of 30minutes/location during specified time like 6.00am, 10.00am, 1.00pm, 4.00pm and 6.00pm during 2002, 2008 and 2014. From the tabulated data of successive three years it was found that sound level lies within the range of 64-85dB or above in different time at different places. Statistically noise level in all these zones differ significantly at their peak hours. Results from the respective three years reveal that the regular increment in the sound pressure levels. This study may help to disseminate awareness about noise pollution among the people, by which they will be able to take required precautionary measures to save themselves from the adverse effects of noise pollution and to improve the quality of the environment.

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