STUDY OF THE NEW FERTILIZER TOXICITY

2017 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
A. V. Istomin ◽  
L. A. Rumyantseva ◽  
O. V. Vetrova ◽  
I. G. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Sensitizing Effect ◽  
Complex Liquid

The article is devoted to the study of toxic effect of a new complex liquid mineral fertilizer «Agromineral» on the organism of laboratory animals. Results of sanitary and toxicological studies on assessment of toxicity and hazard of the agrochemical were analyzed ; based on investigation results, parameters of acute and subacute toxicity are established; irritating effects on skin and mucous membranes, cumulative effect, sensitizing effect were studied.

TOXICOLOGICAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF A NEW COMPLEX ORGANOMINERAL MICROFERTILIZER

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
A. V. Istomin ◽  
L. A. Rumyantseva ◽  
O. V. Vetrova ◽  
I. G. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Complex Organic

The article is devoted to the study of the nature of the toxic effects of a new complex organic mineral fertilizer on the organism of laboratory animals. The assessment of its toxicity and hazard has been performed with the definition of acute and subacute toxicity parameters, as well as irritant effect on skin and mucous membranes, sensitizing and cumulative effects.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE TOXIC EFFECT ON THE ORGANISM OF WHITE RATS AND RABBITS OF THE COMPOSITION OF MEDICINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
I.I. Idiyatov ◽  
◽  
G.G. Galyautdinova ◽  
K.F. Khalikova ◽  
G.R. Yamalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Low Toxic ◽  
Metabolic Correction

The article presents materials on the study of the toxicity of a complex of therapeutic and prophylactic agents, including choline chloride, succinic acid, xymedon, sorbitol, a suspension of lactic and propionic acid microorganisms, on the organism of laboratory animals in the experiment on white rats and rabbits. Based on the results of primary screening, the agent is recommended for eliminating the consequences of animal toxicosis, hepatoprotection and metabolic correction. Ac-cording to the results of the studies, it was found that this composition, in accordance with the ex-isting classification, is low-toxic, does not have a local irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes and skin, does not possess cumulative properties, therefore, has prospects for further re-search.

scholarly journals Determination of toxicity indicators and assessment of the sensibilizing action of the preparation for the external use ‘Ointment for wounds’

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
R. M. Sachuk
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Buccal Mucous Membrane ◽  
Sensitizing Effect

The purpose of the work is a determination of toxicity and sensitizing effects of a new external preparation ‘Ointment for wounds’, based on the essential oils of Siberian pine, eucalypt, tea-tree, cedar, clove, and oil solution of chlorophyllite. The experimental study was performed on rats weighing 160–190 g, 2–3 months of age and mice weighing 18–21 g, 3 months of age. At the stages of preclinical study, it was determined acute and subacute effects of the drug, when administrated on the skin and directly into the stomach of experimental animals. The skin-irritant effect of the phytopreparation was investigated when applied to the skin and buccal mucous membrane. The sensitizing effect of the ointment was evaluated by reproducing local reactions. The acute toxicity assessment was performed on the survival rate of laboratory animals after oral administration of the preparation at doses from 5,000 to 25,000 mg/kg of body weight, with 5,000 units increments. Subacute toxicity in the experiment was evaluated by the dynamics of morphological and biochemical parameters of blood and the study of the coefficients of laboratory animals’ internal organs mass. It was found that the introduction of the drug ‘Ointment for wounds’ in the stomach did not cause significant changes in the behavior of rats, all animals remained alive. Studies have shown the absence of skin-irritant effect of the preparation, as well as the absence of irritant effect on the buccal mucous membrane. Even in a long-term experiment to study subacute toxicity when applied to the skin, no toxic effects of the preparation on the basis of essential oils and oil solution chlorophyllite of were found. The index sensitizing effect of the preparation was less than one, indicating the absence of sensitizing effect. According to the classification of substances by toxicity and danger (requirements of SOU 85.2-37-736:2011 and GOST 12.1.007-76) belong to hazard class IV. In general, ‘Ointment for wounds’ does not have a toxic effect on the functions of vital organs, and at repeated administration is almost harmless

scholarly journals Substantiation of safe use of disinfectant «STERIZENT»

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
O.V. Surmasheva ◽  
◽  
V.F. Babii ◽  
O.O. Polka ◽  
O.O. Chernysh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Sensitizing Effect ◽  
Special Relevance ◽  
Test Cultures

diseases, especially a use of the disinfectants (DS), in particular, are of special relevance in order to break the mechanisms of the transmission of infectious agents. The variety of DS, presented at the modern market, allows us to choose the most appropriate ones for the purposes, conditions and methods of application. However, the effectiveness and safety of the DS both for humans and the environment are still the main choice criteria. In this regard, electrolysis preparations (anolytes) attract a special attention. Objective: We determined the bactericidal, virucidal and yeast activity of the STERISENT preparation (Israel) according to modern requirements and standards. Materials and methods: Studies of the specific activity of the DS "STERISENT" were carried out in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 2024, 03.09.2020 and the European standards. The test cultures and culture media recommended by the Order No. 2024 and the standards EN 13727: 2012 + A2: 2015 [3] and DSTU EN 13624: 2019 (EN 13624: 2013, IDT) were used in the quantitative suspension method. Virucidal activity was studied in the intestinal bacteriophages T2 and MS2.Toxicological studies were carried out in the laboratory animals in accordance with modern standards. Results: A high bactericidal and yeast-killing activity of STERISENT preparation (Israel) in undiluted form was established for Escherichia coli K12 NCTC 10538 lg R >5.42, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa lg R >5.37; for Staphylococcus aureus lg R >5.34; for Candida albicans lg R >4.31at exposure of 30 s and 60 s. In the study in bacteriophages at an exposure of 30 s, the logarithms of the reduction were: T2 - >5.08, MS2 - >5.12. According to GOST 12.1.007-76,by the parameters of acute toxicity, STERIZENT preparation belongs to class 4 - low-hazardous substances when administered to the stomach and applied to the skin; at the inhalation application in saturated concentrations - to class 3. moderately dangerous substances. The preparation does not have a sensitizing effect in the recommended modes of application.

scholarly journals Determination of acute toxicity of the ‘Bondarmin’ disinfectant when administered intraperitoneally to laboratory animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
A. O. Bondarchuk ◽  
A. P. Paliy ◽  
A. P. Palii ◽  
A. P. Aksonov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
National University ◽  
Acute Toxic Effect ◽  
Scientific Laboratory

The article presents the results of the study of the acute toxic effect of the innovative disinfectant ‘Bondarmin’ (active substance — potassium peroxomonosulfate) on laboratory animals (mice, rats) are presented. Many scientific works of scientists in recent years have been devoted to the study of the toxicity of various disinfectants both in our country and abroad. However, today there are many topical issues regarding the toxicity and safety of some antimicrobials. Our work aimed to study the toxic effect on the laboratory animals and to establish the acute toxicity (LD50) of the developed disinfectant ‘Bondarmin’ when administered intraperitoneally. Experiments were carried out in the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the National University of Pharmacy (Kharkiv) and in the Educational and Scientific Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Research Methods named after P. I. Verbitskiy in the Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy. Acute toxicity assessment (LD50) was carried out with intraperitoneal administration of the designed disinfectant to laboratory animals (mice, rats). The toxic effect of the newly developed disinfectant ‘Bondarmin’ for the intraperitoneal method of administration to laboratory animals (mice, rats) has been determined. For the intraperitoneal administration of the ‘Bondarmin’ disinfectant, the LD50 by Prozorovskiy method is 316.85 ± 19.26 mg/kg for mice, and 279.33 ± 19.80 mg/kg for rats. The disinfectant belongs to the IV toxicity class (low toxic substances). The results of toxicological studies allow us to recommend the use of ‘Bondarmin’ for disinfecting livestock facilities

TOXIC EFFECT OF ETHANOL ON MUCOUS MEMBRANES

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (61) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Yeroshenko ◽  
K. V. Shevchenko ◽  
K. S. Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Actual issues of hygienic regulation and creation of safe working conditions at pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 640-644
Author(s):  
Vadim M. Vasilkevich ◽  
Ruslan V. Bogdanov ◽  
Elena V. Drozdova
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Safe Working

Introduction. The working conditions of pharmaceutical industry workers are characterized by the combined effect of unfavorable factors of the production environment, among which the leading one is chemical. The aim of study is to substantiate the basic principles and criteria for hygienic regulation of pharmaceutical products in their production to ensure safe working conditions for employees based on the results of their own research and existing requirements of technical regulations. Materials and methods. Analysis of working conditions and the prevalence of health disorders in pharmaceutical workers (according to literature data), toxicological studies of pharmaceutical substances on laboratory animals, scientific justification of hygiene standards in the air of the working area. Results. Among employees of the pharmaceutical industry, the predominant forms of production-related health disorders are diseases of the respiratory system, as well as skin dermatitis of allergic origin, liver and biliary tract diseases. Based on the results of experimental studies of domestic pharmaceutical products for the treatment of cardiovascular, oncological and mental diseases that have priority socio-economic significance, the basic principles and features of the practice of justifying the hygienic standards of medicines in the air of the working area are developed and systematized. Conclusions. During hygienic rationing of medicines, it is necessary to use a differentiated approach that allows, based on the analysis of information about the chemical structure, physical and chemical characteristics, production conditions, pharmacotherapeutic activity, and the results of studying the toxic effect in an experiment on laboratory animals, to determine the maximum permissible content in the air of the working area of medicines or to justify the prohibition of isolation with reasoned recommendations for their safe production.

scholarly journals Investigating Molecular Mechanisms of Immunotoxicity and the Utility of ToxCast for Immunotoxicity Screening of Chemicals Added to Food

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3332
Author(s):  
Olga V. Naidenko ◽  
David Q. Andrews ◽  
Alexis M. Temkin ◽  
Tasha Stoiber ◽  
Uloma Igara Uche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Toxicological Studies

The development of high-throughput screening methodologies may decrease the need for laboratory animals for toxicity testing. Here, we investigate the potential of assessing immunotoxicity with high-throughput screening data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ToxCast program. As case studies, we analyzed the most common chemicals added to food as well as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) shown to migrate to food from packaging materials or processing equipment. The antioxidant preservative tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) showed activity both in ToxCast assays and in classical immunological assays, suggesting that it may affect the immune response in people. From the PFAS group, we identified eight substances that can migrate from food contact materials and have ToxCast data. In epidemiological and toxicological studies, PFAS suppress the immune system and decrease the response to vaccination. However, most PFAS show weak or no activity in immune-related ToxCast assays. This lack of concordance between toxicological and high-throughput data for common PFAS indicates the current limitations of in vitro screening for analyzing immunotoxicity. High-throughput in vitro assays show promise for providing mechanistic data relevant for immune risk assessment. In contrast, the lack of immune-specific activity in the existing high-throughput assays cannot validate the safety of a chemical for the immune system.

Study of toxicity and peculiarities of biological effects of nanocomposite pectin-Ag: results of a subchronic experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Vadzim Michailovich Vasilkevich ◽  
Ruslan Valerievich Bogdanov ◽  
Ksenia Sergeevna Gilevskaya ◽  
Victoria Igorevna Kulikouskaya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Pectin Content ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Threshold Doses ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Dose Dependent

Introduction. Nanocomposites synthesized by the “green chemistry” method do not contain toxic chemicals (reducing agents and organic solvents) as carriers and/or stabilizing shells. One of the representatives of this group of materials are nanocomposites based on silver, which are increasingly used in medical practice, veterinary medicine, and in some other fields. Material and methods. The nanocomposite is Ag0 nanoparticles coated with a highly methoxylated pectin shell. The concentration of Ag0 nanoparticles in the hydrosol of the pectin-Ag nanocomposite is 1.65 mmol/l, and the pectin content is 7.5 mg/ml. The size of the synthesized pectin-Ag nanocomposite is ~20-30 nm, more than 90% of the particles have a diameter of less than 20 nm, the value of the ξ-potential is 45.3 ± 0.7 mV. Toxicological studies were carried out on outbred rats. The main goal of the research was to study the toxic effects of the pectin-Ag nanocomposite in a subchronic experiment (90 days). At the end of the experiment, a complex of behavioral and clinical and laboratory parameters was determined, which made it possible to assess the biological effect of the nanocomposite on animals. The research results were statistically processed. Results. With subchronic intragastric administration of the pectin-Ag nanocomposite to laboratory animals (rats) for 3 months at doses of 50, 500, and 5000 mg/kg, it was found that the nanocomposite exhibits a dose-dependent general toxic effect with critical target organs - the liver and spleen and the main biochemical markers of toxicity effect - aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Conclusion. Experimental studies have made it possible to substantiate the threshold doses of the hydrosol of the pectin-Ag nanocomposite for the intragastric route of intake.

scholarly journals A Pathology Review of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract in Relation to Ulcerative Colitis in Rats and Cynomolgus Macaques Treated With Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Chang ◽  
George A. Parker ◽  
Sarah E. Kleinschmidt ◽  
Geary W. Olsen ◽  
Carol A. Ley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques ◽  
Rigorous Treatment

Among many short-term, subchronic, and chronic toxicology studies with ammonium perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), the gastrointestinal tract has not been identified as a target organ for PFOA-related toxicity in laboratory animals where the corresponding serum PFOA concentrations typically approach several orders of magnitude higher than the general human population. These lack of gastrointestinal tract-related findings were in direct contrast to an epidemiological observation where a positive trend was observed for ulcerative colitis, an idiopathic chronic inflammatory condition of the gut, in a Mid-Ohio River community whose drinking water contained higher levels of PFOA. This study was conducted to perform a histological reevaluation of large intestine sections in laboratory animals from 2 long-term toxicological studies: one was with Sprague Dawley rats that received ammonium PFOA in their diet for 2 years and the other one was with cynomolgus macaques that received daily capsules of ammonium PFOA for 6 months. In both studies, there was a lack of histological evidence of treatment-related inflammatory lesions that was suggestive of the occurrence of ulcerative colitis in these laboratory animals even under the most rigorous treatment schedules. These findings do not offer support for the biological plausibility of the epidemiological associations reported.

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