Improving Adherence: A Systematic Review of Text Messaging in HIV Treatment

BACKGROUND Globally, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. Cardiovascular mortality can be decreased by participation in cardiac rehabilitation. Researchers are exploring the use of mHealth technology in cardiac rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to examine the effectiveness of randomized controlled trials that use a mHealth intervention as a part of an outpatient and/or home-based cardiac rehabilitation program on improving physical activity and physical fitness outcomes. METHODS For this systematic review, mHealth interventions were limited to text messaging, mobile apps, and use of a mobile phone network for data transmission, used to deliver cardiac rehabilitation program. Using six databases, the search strategy included published English language studies through 2016. Data was extracted independently by two reviewers, and then synthesized. RESULTS The initial search yielded 149 articles, of which 15 articles that represented nine studies met inclusion criteria. Articles were published from 2010 to 2016 and came from two continents. The majority (84%) of participants were male. Generally, the participant mean age was late 50s to early 60s. Text messaging was the most frequently used intervention. The results of the physical activity and physical fitness findings were mixed. Effect sizes for intervention as measured by the 6-minute walk test ranged from 0.46 to 0.58 and peak VO2 ranged from 0.03 to 1.35. CONCLUSIONS Globally, use of mHealth in outpatient and/or home-based cardiac rehabilitation is being studied with greater attention. However, these studies are limited by geography, gender, and age. Therefore, further research in the area of cardiac rehabilitation and mHealth is recommended, especially in developing countries, among women, and older adults.

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Changing Knowledge and Attitudes Towards HIV Treatment-as-Prevention and “Undetectable = Untransmittable”: A Systematic Review

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-021-03296-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jacob Bor ◽

Charlie Fischer ◽

Mirva Modi ◽

Bruce Richman ◽

Cameron Kinker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Viral Suppression ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Treatment As Prevention ◽

Global Literature ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

The World ◽

Hiv Treatment As Prevention ◽

Changing Knowledge

AbstractPeople on HIV treatment with undetectable virus cannot transmit HIV sexually (Undetectable = Untransmittable, U = U). However, the science of treatment-as-prevention (TasP) may not be widely understood by people with and without HIV who could benefit from this information. We systematically reviewed the global literature on knowledge and attitudes related to TasP and interventions providing TasP or U = U information. We included studies of providers, patients, and communities from all regions of the world, published 2008–2020. We screened 885 papers and abstracts and identified 72 for inclusion. Studies in high-income settings reported high awareness of TasP but gaps in knowledge about the likelihood of transmission with undetectable HIV. Greater knowledge was associated with more positive attitudes towards TasP. Extant literature shows low awareness of TasP in Africa where 2 in 3 people with HIV live. The emerging evidence on interventions delivering information on TasP suggests beneficial impacts on knowledge, stigma, HIV testing, and viral suppression.Review was pre-registered at PROSPERO: CRD42020153725

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Outcomes of HIV treatment from the private sector in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031844 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. e031844

Author(s):

Gitau Mburu ◽

Ewemade Igbinedion ◽

Sin How Lim ◽

Aung Zayar Paing ◽

Siyan Yi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Private Sector ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Low Income ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Future Research ◽

Publication Date ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Secondary Outcomes

IntroductionPrivate sector provision of HIV treatment is increasing in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC). However, there is limited documentation of its outcomes. This protocol reports a proposed systematic review that will synthesise clinical outcomes of private sector HIV treatment in LMIC.Methods and analysisThis review will be conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses protocols. Primary outcomes will include: (1) proportion of eligible patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART); (2) proportion of those on ART with <1000 copies/mL; (3) rate of all-cause mortality among ART recipients. Secondary outcomes will include: (1) proportion receivingPneumocystis jirovecipneumonia prophylaxis; (2) proportion with >90% ART adherence (based on any measure reported); (3) proportion screened for non-communicable diseases (specifically cervical cancer, diabetes, hypertension and mental ill health); (iv) proportion screened for tuberculosis. A search of five electronic bibliographical databases (Embase, Medline, PsychINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL) and reference lists of included articles will be conducted to identify relevant articles reporting HIV clinical outcomes. Searches will be limited to LMIC. No age, publication date, study-design or language limits will be applied. Authors of relevant studies will be contacted for clarification. Two reviewers will independently screen citations and abstracts, identify full text articles for inclusion, extract data and appraise the quality and bias of included studies. Outcome data will be pooled to generate aggregative proportions of primary and secondary outcomes. Descriptive statistics and a narrative synthesis will be presented. Heterogeneity and sensitivity assessments will be conducted to aid interpretation of results.Ethics and disseminationThe results of this review will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed scientific manuscript and at international scientific conferences. Results will inform quality improvement strategies, replication of identified good practices, potential policy changes, and future research.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016040053.

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Text Messaging Interventions for Improvement in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Youth: Systematic Review

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/10799 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. e10799 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Kim Ludwig ◽

Rosie Arthur ◽

Nicholas Sculthorpe ◽

Hollie Fountain ◽

Duncan S Buchan

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Text Messaging

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Mobile phone communication for improving uptake of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected pregnant women: updated systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2021.12.18.21267982 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jacques L. Tamuzi ◽

Gomer Lulendo ◽

Patrick Mbuesse ◽

Thierry Ntambwe

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Post Partum ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Hiv Exposed ◽

Mobile Phone Communication

Objective The aim of this systematic review is to provide some evidence on the use of mobile phone communication for improving ARV adherence during pregnancy, as well as to investigate whether text messaging on mobile phones could improve follow up in HIV exposed infants. Methods We did a systematic review and meta-analysis, using CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), Scopus, MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL to search for studies in English published between 5 may 2016 to May 2021 that assessed the effects of mobile phone in HIV infected pregnant women. We used MetaPro version 3.0 to compute the OR 2 and RR and their 95%CI. We performed random-effects model meta analysis for estimating pooled outcomes. Results Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled maternal postpartum retention was (OR 2.20, 95%CI: 1.55 to 3.13, I2 = 53.20%, P < 0.001). In the same line, the pooled odds of ART uptake was (OR 1.5, 95%CI: 1.07 to 2.11, I2 =0%, P = 0.020) and we found statistically significant impact of mobile phone on HIV testing at 6 weeks and above among HIV exposed children (OR 1.89, 95%CI: 1.04 to 3. 48, I2 = OR 1.89, 95%CI: 1.04 to 3. 48, I2 =88.04%, P = 0.032). Conclusion In comparison to our previous review, this updated review focuses on moderate evidence for mobile phone communication in HIV-infected pregnant women. The results showed that using a mobile phone improved maternal post-partum retention, ART uptake, and infant HIV testing at 6 weeks and older.

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Improving Retention in Care and Promoting Adherence to HIV Treatment: Protocol for a Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial of Mobile Phone Text Messaging (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.15680 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Elvis Asangbeng Tanue ◽

Dickson Shey Nsagha ◽

Nana Njamen Theophile ◽

Jules Clement Nguedia Assob

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Mobile Phones ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Retention In Care ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Text Messages ◽

Adherence To Treatment ◽

Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has prioritized the use of new technologies to assist in health care delivery in resource-limited settings. Findings suggest that the use of SMS on mobile phones is an advantageous application in health care delivery, especially in communities with an increasing use of this device. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this trial is to assess whether sending weekly motivational text messages (SMS) through mobile phones versus no text messaging will improve retention in care and promote adherence to treatment and health outcomes among patients receiving HIV treatment in Fako Division of Cameroon. METHODS This is a multisite randomized controlled single-blinded trial. Computer-generated random block sizes shall be used to produce a randomization list. Participants shall be randomly allocated into the intervention and control groups determined by serially numbered sealed opaque envelopes. The 156 participants will either receive the mobile phone text message or usual standard of care. We hypothesize that sending weekly motivational SMS reminders will produce a change in behavior to enhance retention; treatment adherence; and, hence, health outcomes. Participants shall be evaluated and data collected at baseline and then at 2, 4, and 6 months after the launch of the intervention. Text messages shall be sent out, and the delivery will be recorded. Primary outcome measures are retention in care and adherence to treatment. Secondary outcomes are clinical (weight, body mass index), biological (virologic suppression, tuberculosis coinfection), quality of life, treatment discontinuation, and mortality. The analysis shall be by intention-to-treat. Analysis of covariates shall be performed to determine factors influencing outcomes. RESULTS Recruitment and random allocation are complete; 160 participants were allocated into 3 groups (52 in the single SMS, 55 in the double SMS, and 53 in the control). Data collection and analysis are ongoing, and statistical results will be available by the end of August 2019. CONCLUSIONS The interventions will contribute to an improved understanding of which intervention types can be feasible in improving retention in care and promoting adherence to antiretroviral therapy. CLINICALTRIAL Pan African Clinical Trial Registry in South Africa PACTR201802003035922; https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=3035 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/15680

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Influence of Material Deprivation on Clinical Outcomes Among People Living with HIV in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-021-03551-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vasiliki Papageorgiou ◽

Bethan Davies ◽

Emily Cooper ◽

Ariana Singer ◽

Helen Ward

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Material Deprivation ◽

Hiv Care ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Care Continuum ◽

Care Continuum ◽

Living With Hiv

AbstractDespite developments in HIV treatment and care, disparities persist with some not fully benefiting from improvements in the HIV care continuum. We conducted a systematic review to explore associations between social determinants and HIV treatment outcomes (viral suppression and treatment adherence) in high-income countries. A random effects meta-analysis was performed where there were consistent measurements of exposures. We identified 83 observational studies eligible for inclusion. Social determinants linked to material deprivation were identified as education, employment, food security, housing, income, poverty/deprivation, socioeconomic status/position, and social class; however, their measurement and definition varied across studies. Our review suggests a social gradient of health persists in the HIV care continuum; people living with HIV who reported material deprivation were less likely to be virologically suppressed or adherent to antiretrovirals. Future research should use an ecosocial approach to explore these interactions across the lifecourse to help propose a causal pathway.

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The association between HIV (treatment), pregnancy serum lipid concentrations and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-017-2581-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marissa J. Harmsen ◽

Joyce L. Browne ◽

Francois Venter ◽

Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch ◽

Marcus J. Rijken

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Hiv Treatment

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Psychosocial interventions to improve HIV treatment adherence: A systematic review

10.31234/osf.io/a5pcj ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stefanella Costa-Cordella ◽

Alejandra Rossi ◽

Aitana Grasso-Cladera ◽

Javiera Duarte ◽

Claudia P. Cortes

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Treatment Adherence ◽

Peer Support ◽

Psychosocial Interventions ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Individual Counselling ◽

Suboptimal Adherence ◽

Study Designs

Introduction: The problem of suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) can be overcome through multidisciplinary management that includes evidence-based psychosocial interventions. Existing reviews focus only on randomized controlled trials, overlooking valuable interventions whose evidence comes from different study designs. This review aimed to synthesize the current state of the art in psychological interventions for ART adherence, integrating studies with a variety of research designs.Methods: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. We searched five databases for articles reporting a psychosocial intervention to improve treatment adherence for people living with HIV. The quality of each study was analyzed, and the data summarized using a narrative synthesis method.Results and discussion: Twenty-six articles were identified for inclusion. Individual counselling was the most common intervention, followed by peer-support based interventions delivered virtually or in person. Most interventions mixed different strategies, combining technology with individual counselling and peer support. It is important to note that the quality of evidence was not dependent on the study design.Conclusion: While the evidence requires further advancement, the review provides insight into which psychosocial interventions are helpful in improving ART treatment adherence.

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A systematic review of mHealth interventions for HIV prevention and treatment among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men

Translational Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/tbm/ibaa007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1211-1220

Author(s):

Kimberly M Nelson ◽

Nicholas S Perry ◽

Keith J Horvath ◽

Laramie R Smith

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

The United States ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Sex With Men

Abstract The use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies addressing HIV disparities among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) has increased. A systematic review of mHealth interventions for HIV prevention and treatment among GBMSM was conducted to summarize the current evidence and provide recommendations for future research. PRISMA guidelines were followed (PROSPERO ID: 148452). Studies identified via PubMed, PsychInfo, or Embase were included that (i) were in English, (ii) were published in a peer-reviewed journal prior to July 1, 2019, (iii) presented primary results, (iv) included only GBMSM, and (v) reported the results of an mHealth intervention (e.g., text message, phone/mobile application [app]) to improve HIV prevention or treatment outcomes. Of 1,636 identified abstracts, 16 published studies met inclusion criteria. Eleven studies were conducted in the United States. One study was a fully powered randomized controlled trial (RCT), seven were single-arm pilots with pre–post assessments, four were pilot RCTs, and four tested public health campaigns with post-assessments. Seven developed study-specific apps, five used text messaging, and four used existing social networking apps. Most (81%) targeted prevention outcomes. Nine cited a specific behavioral theory. All studies found that a mHealth approach was feasible and acceptable. All interventions provided evidence of preliminary efficacy or promising trends on primary outcomes. Although mHealth interventions for HIV prevention and treatment appear feasible and acceptable, most published studies are small pilot trials. Additional research assessing the efficacy and mechanisms of mHealth interventions is needed.

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