Penetapan Kadar Klorofil dan Karotenoid Daun Sawi (Brassica) Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis

Chlorophyll and carotenoids are antioxidant compounds that are very potential. Both of these compounds are found in many vegetables. This research aims to determine the levels of chlorophyll and carotenoids in mustard (Brassica) leaves. There were three types of mustard leaves tested, namely greens mustard (Brassica rapa I.), white mustard (Brassica juncea L.) and pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Analysis of samples by the Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry method. The results of the measurement of chlorophyll levels showed that pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) had the highest chlorophyll level which was 86,76 mg/g. While the lowest chlorophyll level is found in the type of white mustard which is equal to 0,75 mg/g. From the three of the mustard tested, green mustard (Brassica rapa I.) and pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) were mustard types that contained high carotenoids in the amount of 50,4 mg/g and 198,04 mg/g. While the type of white mustard (Brassica juncea L.) has the lowest carotenoid content for all preparations.

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Nutritional Characterization of Two Rare Landraces of Turnip (Brassica rapa. var. rapa) Tops and Their On-Farm Conservation in Foggia Province

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12093842 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 3842

Author(s):

Giulia Conversa ◽

Corrado Lazzizera ◽

Anna Bonasia ◽

Paolo La Rotonda ◽

Antonio Elia

Keyword(s):

Brassica Rapa ◽

Urban Areas ◽

General Context ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Marginal Lands ◽

On Farm Conservation ◽

Landscape Units ◽

On Farm

The study of nutritional properties in landrace products and the general context of its cultivation site are crucial to designing a sustainable on-farm strategy for landrace conservation. The present study describes the main nutritional aspects of two Brassica rapa subspecies rapa landraces collected in Puglia, Italy along with agroecological and socioeconomical traits where they are cultivated. The two B. rapa landraces (‘Cima di rapa dalla testa’ and ‘Cima di rapa antica’) are only found in sites at 700–800 m asl and in two landscape units (the Southern Daunian Mountains (SDM) and the Umbra Forest (UF), respectively) of the Foggia province. These rare landraces were selected by farmers to produce turnip greens/tops from ancient root turnip crops. They are named and consumed by local people in the same way as turnip tops of Brassica rapa subspecies sylvestris (‘Cima di rapa’), which are widely cultivated in Puglia. Compared to the most common ‘Cima di rapa’, the two highlighted landraces have a better nutritional profile linked to an improved content in antioxidant compounds—i.e., vitamin C (458 mg kg−1 FW), total phenols (347 mg ac. gallic equivalent kg−1 FW)—in glucosinolate (741 µmol kg FW−1, in ‘Cima di rapa antica’) and in minerals, such as K. Both landraces are deemed as having a high risk of erosion. Few exemplars are cultivated in marginal lands and urban/peri-urban areas (SDM), or in isolated sites within the UF, which is a special protection zone within Gargano National Park. However, natural, cultural, and recreational tourism are the main economic activities in both landscape units.

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Mineral composition of oil-free seeds of Brassica napus, B. rapa and B. juncea as affected by location and year

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a97-116 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 405-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. M. Bell ◽

G. Rakow ◽

R. K. Downey

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Key Words ◽

Brassica Juncea ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Mineral Content ◽

The Other ◽

Fe And Mn ◽

Mineral Levels ◽

Cu And Zn

Three cultivars of Brassica (Westar, Brassica napus; Tobin, B. rapa; Cutlass, B. juncea) were grown in four locations in 4 successive years, with duplicate samples taken from each treatment. Harvested seed was hexane-extracted, ground and analyzed for mineral content. The average contents (mg kg−1) were: Ca, 0.64; P, 1.12; Mg, 0.56%; Cu, 6.2; Zn, 46; Fe, 188; and Mn, 55. Values for Westar and Tobin were generally similar but Cutlass contained less Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn and more Cu and Zn (P < 0.01). Locations affected all mineral levels. One location produced samples lower in Ca, P, Cu and Mn but higher in Zn than the other locations (P < 0.01). Year-to-year variability was of minor consequence. Key words: Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Brassica juncea, mineral, seed

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SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF SPECIES AND CULTIVARS OF CANOLA AND MUSTARD TO INFESTATION BY ROOT MAGGOTS (DELIA SPP.) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent126251-2 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 251-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

L.M. Dosdall ◽

M.J. Herbut ◽

N.T. Cowle

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Quantitative Determination ◽

Brassica Juncea ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Growing Season ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Root Damage ◽

Population Densities ◽

Short Growing Season

AbstractFour species of Cruciferae [canola species Brassica rapa L. and Brassica napus L., and mustard species Brassica juncea (L.) and Sinapis alba L.], and various cultivars of each species, were evaluated for susceptibilities to infestation by Delia spp. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) under field conditions in central Alberta, Canada. Susceptibility was measured throughout the season by recording numbers of eggs of Delia spp. laid on or near individual plants, and at the end of the season by a semi-quantitative determination of injury inflicted by larvae on taproots. Differences in susceptibility occurred among and within canola and mustard species. Plants of B. rapa were most susceptible to Delia spp.; both mean eggs per plant and mean damage ratings per plant on B. rapa significantly exceeded those of all other species studied. Intermediate susceptibility was observed for plants of B. napus and B. juncea; plants of S. alba were least susceptible. In general, differences in susceptibility were greater among species than among cultivars within species. Root damage generally correlated with oviposition among and within species, suggesting that the mechanism of resistance by cruciferous species to infestation by Delia spp. is antixenosis or nonpreference. Results of this study indicate that canola growers in regions infested annually by high population densities of Delia spp. should seed B. napus or B. juncea rather than B. rapa. However, if a short growing season necessitates seeding B. rapa, then growers should select the more resistant cultivars of this species.

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Protoplast isolation and culture for somatic hybridisation of rapid cycling Brassica rapa with ‘Anand’ CMS and Brassica juncea

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/s11240-012-0114-0 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 109 (3) ◽

pp. 565-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yu-Ji Lian ◽

Xiao-Mei Zhao ◽

Guang-Zhe Lin ◽

Hak-tae Lim

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Protoplast Isolation ◽

Rapid Cycling ◽

Somatic Hybridisation

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Identification of Resistance to Peppery Leaf Spot among Brassica juncea and Brassica rapa Plant Introductions

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.42.5.1140 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 1140-1143 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

W. Patrick Wechter ◽

Mark W. Farnham ◽

J. Powell Smith ◽

Anthony P. Keinath

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Leaf Spot Disease ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Plant Introductions ◽

Leafy Greens

Brassica leafy greens (Brassica juncea L. and Brassica rapa L.) represent one of the most economically important vegetable crop groups in the southeastern United States. In the last 10 years, numerous occurrences of a leaf-spot disease on these leafy vegetables have been reported in several states. This disease, known as peppery leaf spot, is now causing serious crop losses and has been attributed to the bacterial phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (Psm). To date, it appears that all cultivars of the Brassica leafy greens are susceptible, and available pesticides for control of this disease appear unable to reduce the disease to acceptable levels. Thus, we undertook a search for potential resistance to this disease among accessions of B. juncea and B. rapa included in the U.S. Plant Introduction (PI) collection. In greenhouse trials, we screened commercial cultivars and 672 U.S. PIs (226 B. juncea and 446 B. rapa) for resistance to Psm with artificial inoculation. Although severity of disease symptoms was significantly different among inoculated accessions, no acceptable levels of resistance were found in any of the more than 400 B. rapa accessions tested. Only two B. juncea accessions (PI 195553 and G 30988) of 226 tested had acceptable levels of resistance that might prove economically useful.

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Pathogens present on vegetative organs and seeds of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and chinese mustad (Brassica juncea L.)

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2003.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 56 (1-2) ◽

pp. 87-94

Author(s):

Barbara Majchrzak ◽

Tomasz P. Kurowski ◽

Zofia Karpińska

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Health Condition ◽

White Mustard ◽

Vegetative Organs ◽

Numerous Species ◽

Alternaria Blight ◽

Injury Index ◽

Sinapis Alba L

The research was conducted in the years 1999-2001. The aim of the research was to determine the health condition of overground parts and seeds of white niuslard (Sinapis alba L.) cv. Metex and chinese mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cv. Małopolska. In all the years of the research alternaria blight was found on the leaves of white mustard which injury index ranged from 5,6% in 2001 to 17,6% in 200O. The most dangerous disease of chinese mustard also was alternaria blight and its symptoms were found on leaves and siliques. The strongest infection of leaves was in 2000 (50%) and the weakest in 2001 (6,7%). In all the years of the research siliques were rather weak infected (50-8,89%). Besides powdery mildew was found on chinese mustard which injury index ranged from 0,3% in 1999 to 32,3% in 2000. Intensity of diseases was affected generally by the weather conditions. From the seeds of white mustard and chinese mustard were isolated respectively 263 and 137 colonies. Alternaria alternata was the most numerous species which makes respectively 60,9% and 42,3% isolates. Among the fungi pathogenic for white and chinese mustard were also isolated: A. brassicae, Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solami.

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PRODUCTIVITY OF WHITE AND BROWN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA) DEPENDING ON THE SOWING PERIOD AND SEEDING RATE

Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii ◽

10.26897/0021-342x-2020-4-145-154 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 145-154

Author(s):

S.S. ZHIRNYKH ◽

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Scientific Research Institute ◽

Agricultural Crop ◽

White Mustard ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

High Productivity ◽

Sowing Period ◽

Germinating Seeds

The formation of high productivity of any agricultural crop largely depends on the sowing period and the seeding rate. It is generally accepted that mustard is less demanding as to the sowing period. However, the moist topsoil is more favorable for better development of the root system in an early sowing period, respectively, such crops will be easier to tolerate spring-summer drought.Mustard reacts very strongly to the seeding rate and, accordingly, to the nutritional area for plants, which is caused by its biological characteristics. So, for example, very dense and, on the contrary,rare crops will be unproductive. Based on this, field experiments to study the effect of sowing terms and seeding rates on the yield of aboveground mustard biomass were laid in 2017–2019 in the experimental fields of the Udmurt Scientific Research Institute of RAS UdmFRC UB. The author studied the formed productivity of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) – the Raduga variety, brown mustard (Brassica juncea L.) – the Nika variety, depending on the sowing period – 1 (control), 2, 3 decades of May and the seeding rate – 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 (control), 3.5 and 4.0 million germinating seeds/ha. The study found that in the considered years, mustard seedlings got enough moisture with sufficient precipitation in May-June, as a result of which the sowing period of mustard did not significantly affect its yield. So, on average for the three studied years, the нушв of white mustard was 15.32–15.52 t/ha, brown mustard – 12.88–13.96 t/ha. The highest yield of both types of mustard was formed at a seeding rate of 3.0–4.0 million germinating seeds/ha, for white mustard – 15.64–17.11 t/ha, brown mustard – 13.66–14.85 t/ha.

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