scholarly journals THE SYRIAN IMPASS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SECURITY IN THE REGION – THE PROBLEMS OF REFUGEES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
<i>Suhel MOUSSA</i> ◽  
<i>Małgorzata PACER</i>
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Desk Research

<i>Migracja i uchodźstwo nie są nowymi zjawiskami we współczesnym świecie. Jednak ich skala, a także dynamika wzrosły na przestrzeni ostatnich lat. Kryzys migracyjny przybrał na sile w roku 2015 i stał się przedmiotem większego zainteresowania badaczy z różnych dyscyplin naukowych. Od tego czasu media nieustannie informują o fali „uchodźców” przybywających do brzegów Europy, a w szczególności do Włoch czy przedostających się z Turcji do Grecji i zmierzających w głąb Europy. Ukazują przymusową wędrówkę ludności w poszukiwaniu schronienia przed wojnami czy prześladowaniami na różnym tle. Do tego dochodzą nieporozumienia związane z przyjęciem uchodźców na teren krajów Unii Europejskiej oraz konflikty w krajach sąsiednich wywołane napływem ludności syryjskiej. Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu sytuacji w Syrii na bezpieczeństwo regionu Bliskiego Wschodu i Europy. W artykule została zastosowana metoda analiza danych zastanych (desk research). Analizie poddane zostały publikacje ekspertów oraz strony internetowe, zarówno w języku arabskim, jak i polskim.</i>

scholarly journals Teoretyczne założenia crowdfundingu oraz jego regulacje prawne w Unii Europejskiej i w Polsce

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Michał Biela
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Third ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Desk Research

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja założeń teoretycznych oraz praktycznej implementacji koncepcji alternatywnych źródeł finansowania społecznościowego w Polsce i Unii Europejskiej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów formalno-prawnych crowdfundingu. Artykuł składa się z trzech części: w pierwszej opisano założenia definicyjne i koncepcyjne crowdfundingu, w drugiej przedstawiono propozycję zmiany ram regulacyjnych finansowania społecznościowego, przygotowanych przez instytucje Unii Europejskiej, natomiast trzecia zawiera uregulowania prawne finansowania społecznościowego w Polsce. W artykule jako metodę badawczą zastosowano desk research, której implementacja umożliwiła analizę istniejącej literatury przedmiotu. Theoretical assumptions of crowdfunding and its legal regulations in the European Union and in PolandThe aim of this article is to present the theoretical assumptions and practical implementation of the concept of alternative sources of funding in Poland and in the European Union, with emphasis on the formal and legal aspects of crowdfunding. The article consists of three parts. The first part describes the definition and conceptual assumptions of crowdfunding. The second part presents a proposal to change the crowdfunding regulatory framework at the European Union level. The third part includes legal regulations for crowdfunding in Poland. In the article, desk research was used as a research method, the implementation of which enabled the analysis of the existing literature on the subject.

Przyszłość Unii Europejskiej po Brexicie. Rosyjski punkt widzenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Valentina Prudskaya
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
The Eu

In recent years, it is difficult not to notice the growing number of serious crises experienced by the European Union. It is clear that the old methods of overcoming crises in today’s reality do not work anymore. The United Kingdom European Union membership referendum in June 2016 (the so-called Brexit) can undoubtedly be called a special turning point in the existence and functioning of the EU. The aim of the article is to present, analyse and compare opinions and assessments created in the expert and academic environment in Russia on the future of the European Union after the referendum in Great Britain. Another goal is to find an answer to the question of what future of relations between the EU and Russia is expected by Russian researchers and experts. In the article the following research methods were used: desk research, critical analysis, comparative method and analysis of media discourse.

scholarly journals Economic relations between Bulgaria and Serbia: Current state and opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-156
Author(s):  
Antoaneta Vassileva ◽  
Mirjana Stevanović ◽  
Milica Simić
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Current State ◽  
European Projects ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
Desk Research

The main goal of this paper is to make a survey of the current state of the economic relations between Bulgaria and Serbia and to outline some recommendations for their future development. The analytical framework is based on a desk research of the economic cooperation between both countries and a study of several European projects in which they participate. Statistical data and information from official documents of the governments of Bulgaria and Serbia, as well as documents of the European Union have been used. The author does not aim to make just a comparative analysis but rather to look for the points of intersection of the mutual interests of both countries. The findings of the research enable the evaluation of the depth of economic cooperation between Bulgaria and Serbia and give grounds for conclusions about the prospects for expanding of their economic ties.

The scale of internationalisation and Europeanisation of SMEs and their functioning in the spatial systems of the European Union

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wach
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Spatial Systems ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Special Case

The article undertakes still quite a rare topic of Europeanisation of businesses, especially SMEs, by using the classic definition of Europeanisation as the special case of internationalisation within Europe, and in particular within the European Union. The article contains the analysis of the available statistic data from all EU countries presenting the scale of Europeanisation of small and medium-sized enterprises. Due to the lack of available data, the analysis was restricted to the years 2003-2009, which is a serious research limitation, nevertheless, this approach allows for accurate inference. The research goal of this study is the analysis of the state and tendencies of Europeanisation and internationalisation of European small and medium-sized enterprises, especially from the spatial (territorial) perspective. The research hypothesis is the statement that the intensification of the level of internationalisation of European SMEs is noticed in the first decade of 21st century. The article uses different analytical methods: literature review, desk research, descriptive statistics and Spring-ED algorithm (software NetMiner v2.6). Based on the available data, the hypothesis that Europeanisation processes of European small and medium-sized enterprises gain intensity in recent years can be certainly confirmed.

scholarly journals Coping with neo-nomadic mobility: Frontex’s agent power in the EU’s extended borderland

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-63
Author(s):  
Artur Gruszczak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Return Policy ◽  
Joint Operations ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
Desk Research

Migration movements to Europe, triggered by dramatic political and social developments in North Africa and the Middle East, have contributed to a decrease in the level of security in the European Union and to the crisis of this organization. This article addresses the issue of migration in the context of the phenomenon of neo-nomadism and its effects on the policies of the member states of the European Union, as well as its institutions and agencies. The consequences of neo-nomadism are analyzed in regard to ​​the EU’s "extended borderland" on the example of the activities of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) in the Central Mediterranean. Frontex’s joint operations "Triton" and "Themis" serve as a useful frame of reference in examining this agency’s "agent power" expressed in activities concerning migratory movements in the EU's "extended borderland". The hypothesis developed in this article holds that the dynamics of mobility resulting from the specific features of neo-nomadism activates the "agent power" of entities involved in mobility and border management in two forms: inclusionary, for humanitarian reasons, and exclusionary, for the sake of security. As an agency responsible for supporting the management of the EU's external borders and implementing return policy, Frontex has concentrated its agent power on securing territory, borders and population at the expense of humanitarian search-and-rescue operations. Joint operations "Triton" and "Themis" have clearly highlighted the trend towards an exclusionary approach to migrants. Post-functionalism referring to the original conceptualisation put forward by Hooghe and Marx is the theoretical frame adopted in the present study. The research method is qualitative, based on desk research includng the analysis and interpretation of primary and secondary sources.

scholarly journals Financial Literacy in the Digital Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionescu Răzvan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
The Eu

The present article made a theoretical and empirical analysis in to assess the level of financial literacy and digital financial literacy in the European Union, with emphasis on the potential discrepancies that might exist between different countries within the EU, as well as to investigate general attitudes towards novel FinTech solutions, crypto currencies and digital money. desk research was used to analyze data regarding financial literacy, digital literacy, financial behavior, digital technology adoption, the use of Internet Banking solutions and knowledge and attitudes towards crypto currencies in the European union. Data was collected via the Internet from various sources: Eurostat, OECD, ING.

The Politics of the European Union

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Lelieveldt ◽  
Sebastiaan Princen
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union
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