scholarly journals Rendimiento y eficiencia en el uso del agua de un genotipo de chile serrano (Capsicum annuum L.) Producido bajo fertilización orgánica e inorgánica en casa sombra

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization, compared to inorganic and a combination of both in the cultivation of serrano pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under shade net at the University of Sonora. The variables that were evaluated were: fruit weight, yield, length and diameter of fruit, as well as efficiency of water use. For the weight of the fruit per plant, no significant differences were observed between treatments in the first two cuts, however, for the third cut if there were significant differences, the best treatments were inorganic fertilization and the mixture of inorganic plus algae extracts with 280.29 and 212.21 g respectively. For the fourth and fifth cut the trend was in the same way up to the final average resulting in the best treatment inorganic fertilization with 233.94 g per plant followed by the mixture of inorganic plus seaweed extract with 166.75 g per plant. Regarding the yield, it can be observed that from the third cut the treatments that contained inorganic resulted with the highest yield, resulting in the total average inorganic fertilization with 38665.77 kg ha-1 and inorganic fertilization plus algae extract with 27514.08 kg ha-1. The results obtained from this research show that organic fertilization does not provide high yields compared to inorganic because of the gradual release of nutrients to the plant.

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jian Lv ◽  
Jianming Xie ◽  
Yantai Gan ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coulter ◽  
...  

Phytochemical analyses of pepper fruit metabolites have been reported; however, much less is known about the influence of different forms of nitrogen (N), which is critical for plant growth and fruit quality formation. The “Longjiao No. 5” variety (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in Northwestern China was profiled using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) coupled with multivariate data analysis to explore the composition of different metabolites in pericarp and placenta, and to investigate the effect of three ammonium (NH4+) to-nitrate (NO3−) ratios (0:100, 25:75, and 50:50). A total of 215 metabolites were obtained by qualitative analysis, where 31 metabolites were the major differential metabolite components of pepper fruits between placenta and pericarp, and 25 among N treatments. The addition of ammonium up-regulated carbohydrates, such as α-lactose and sucrose, as well as phenylalanine lyase (PAL) of placenta tissue. The supply of 25% NH4+–N and 75% NO3−–N exhibited a relatively higher levels of ascorbic acid in pericarp and amino acids, capsaicin, and dihydrocapsaicin in placenta, and led to higher fruit weight among the ammonium-to-nitrate ratios. The expression and activities of glutamic acid synthetase (GOGAT) and glutamine synthetase (GS) that are involved in ammonium assimilation were affected by adjusting the ammonium–N proportion, and they were significantly positively correlated with capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin contents, capsaicinoid synthetase (CS), as well as the relative expression levels of genes related to capsaicinoid biosynthesis, such as acyltransferase 3 (AT3) and acyl-ACP thioesterase (FatA).


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Kana Dau Sukmawati ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Arya Widura Ritonga

ABSTRACT Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a commodity that has a high economic value and has been known and cultivated by people throughout the world. Ornamental chili pepper has aesthetic value as ornamental plants such as the round or long round fruits and the diversity of fruit colors. This study was conducted to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative characters of 11 genotypes of ornamental chili pepper to obtain superior ornamental chili pepper varieties. The analyzed variables were the plant height, stem length, stem diameter, stem color, shortened internode, plant habitus, leaf shape, leaf color, leaf length, leaf width, days to flowering, corolla color, anther color, flower position, harvest date, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit pedicel length, fruit diameter, fruit shape, fruit shape at blossom end, fruit color, and anthocyanin coloration. This study was conducted in green house of the Cikabayan Experimental Garden and the Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, from January to June 2018. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with one factor (genotipe) and four replicates. All genotypes evaluated had diverse quantitative and qualitative characters especially in the character of fruit weight, fruit length, and fruit color. The most preferred genotypes were Ayesha 1, Violeta, and Nazla. Ayesha 1 was favored because of its rounded fruit, interesting and quite varied fruit colors. Violeta and Nazla were prefered because of the purple fruits. Nazla was prefered as pot ornamental plants for its short plant and the convenience to take care. Keywords: Capsicum annuum L, genotipe, ornamental chili pepper  Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan komoditas yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan merupakan tanaman yang sudah dikenal dan dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Karakter cabai hias memiliki nilai estetika sebagai tanaman hias seperti bentuk buah yang umumnya bulat atau bulat panjang dan warna buah yang sangat bervariasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif 11 genotipe cabai hias untuk menghasilkan varietas cabai hias yang unggul. Karakter yang diamati terdiri atas tinggi tanaman, tinggi dikotomus, diameter batang, warna batang, pemendekan ruas, habitus tanaman, bentuk daun, warna daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, waktu munculnya bunga, warna mahkota bunga, warna anther, kedudukan bunga, umur panen buah, bobot buah, panjang buah, panjang tangkai buah, diameter buah, bentuk buah, bentuk pangkal buah, perubahan warna buah, dan pewarnaan antosianin. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan dan Laboratorium Genetika dan Pemuliaan Tanaman, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2018. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) satu faktor yaitu genotipe dengan 4 kali ulangan. Semua genotipe yang dievalusi memiliki karakter kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang beragam baik antar genotipe uji maupun dengan varietas pembanding, terutama pada karakter bobot buah, panjang buah, dan warna buah. Genotipe yang paling disukai adalah Ayesha 1, Violeta, dan Nazla. Ayesha 1 disukai karena bentuk buahnya yang membulat dan warna buahnya yang menarik dan beragam. Violeta dan Nazla disukai karena buahnya berwarna ungu. Nazla lebih disukai untuk tanaman hias pot karena perawakannya yang pendek dan memudahkan perawatan. Kata kunci: Capsicum annuum L., cabai hias, genotipe


2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sz. Jakusné Sári

In spite of the several good properties of peat, recently, some experiments were carried out with the aim of finding natural materials which can substitute for peat. According to the results, several inorganic and organic materials were proved to be suitable for this purpose. This study examines the effect of different organic materials (example: pine bark, composts, peats) on the growth and yield of green pepper (Capsicum annuum L., variety Danubia). We found that the most developed plants were grown in peat-mixtures and pine bark. The average fruit weight was the highest at those plants which were planted also in these media. The plants which were grown in composts fell short of our expectations in development and in yield, too.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
M. R. I. Suhel ◽  
N. J. Methela ◽  
R. A. Ruhi ◽  
B. Hossain

Salinity is one of the major issues that lead to a reduction in crop productivity. This study aimed to investigate the response of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to saline soil. The research was conducted in Agricultural Research Field at Noakhali Science and Technology University during 2018-19 with two sweet pepper varieties as treatment named Red Army (V1) and California Wonder (V2). The results indicated that there were significant variations between the two varieties in different parameters of growth as well as yield performance. The result showed that between the treatments V2 (California Wonder) gave the higher yield ie., 10.65 ton/ha while V1(Red Army) produced 9.61 ton/ha. Moreover, the taller plants and longer fruit were obtained from the V2 which were 32.43 cm and 8.23 cm respectively. Even among the other parameters, V2 gave higher growth and development than V1. Furthermore, average single fruit weight/plant was recorded 76.33 g in California Wonder (V2) whereas Red Army (V1) provided 74.16 g. The finding of the experiment indicated that the overall better performance could be obtained from V2 California Wonder variety of sweet pepper. This study evaluated the varietal performance of two varieties and it can be said from the experiment that the California Wonder is the best variety for cultivation in saline region in Bangladesh.


1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M.A. Toivonen ◽  
P.A. Bowen

The effect of preharvest calcium sprays on postharvest quality of sweet bell peppers grown in plasticulture was studied. Calcium was applied as three sprays of 0.4% (wt/vol) CaCl2 in water to plots of Oriole and Bell Boy peppers in each of 2 yr. Fruit weight, water loss, firmness, decay and the composition of the pectic fractions were determined at harvest and during storage. Preharvest sprays of CaCl2 increased the weight of fruit for Oriole, improved firmness retention in storage, decreased decay, increased pericarp wall thickness and the insoluble pectic fractions of both cultivars but had no effect on water loss in storage. The results suggest that Ca improves firmness retention through enhancing the pectic composition of cell walls and pericarp wall thickness. Effects of Ca sprays on reducing decay could not be attributed to factors measured in this work. Preharvest foliar sprays of CaCl2 show promise in reducing postharvest decay and improving firmness retention in sweet bell peppers grown under plasticulture. Key words: Capsicum annuum L., calcium, pectin, shelf life, postharvest decay


1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN MONETTE ◽  
K. A. STEWART

Experiments using an artificial windbreak and polyethylene mulch were conducted in 1983 and 1984 with sweet pepper in Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Quebec. When analyses were conducted on pooled distance data plant fresh weight was increased by sheltering but not by mulching. In 1983, the windbreak increased yields up to a distance 24 times the windbreak height but only if plants were not mulched. Yield increases were due to greater fruit number per plant rather than a greater mean fruit weight. The windbreak had no influence on yield in 1984. Mulching resulted in a significant increase in yield in both years and appeared to be a more reliable practice than the use of windbreaks to increase pepper yields.Key words: Windbreak, paraweb, pepper, Capsicum annuum L.


2020 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Endro Puji Astoko

Chili is a shrub from the family of eggplant that has the scientific name Capsicum sp. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the first and second flower vines could stimulate vegetative growth of hybrid chili (Capsicum annuum L) varieties. Gada Experiment was carried out in Sumberurip Hamlet, Manggis Village, Ngancar District, Kediri Regency on dry land with Latosol soil type (sandy cane) and pH 6.0. The height of the place from sea level is around 450 above sea level, the average annual rainfall is 1,785 millimetres with 85 rainy days. The average temperature is 29°C and the type of climate is C3. The experiment was conducted from December 1, 2009 to February 30, 2010. The results of the study: the first and second flower flowering treatments in the hybrid red pepper variety of Gada significantly affected the fruit diameter and significantly affected the plant height at 70 days, the number of tertiary branches at the age of 70 days, fruit length, and number of fruits per plant and fruit weight. The highest production was achieved in the first and second flower treatment Z (P3), which is 16.6 grams per fruit which is equivalent to 25,853.17 kg/ha.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Oktaviana Shinta Risty ◽  
Muhamad Syukur

The aim of this research was to study estimation general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability(SCA) of six bird pepper inbred lines (Capsicum annuum L.), heterosis and heterobeltiosis of fifteen bird pepper hybrids in half diallel crosses. The experiment were conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at Leuwikopo University Farm, IPB. Analysis of GCA and SCA were based on the Griffing’s model of diallel design method II. Heterosis values were predicted based on the average values of their parents and heterobeltiosis were predicted based on the average values of the highest parents. Genotype IPB C174 had the highest GCA for fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, and yield for each plant. Hybrid IPB C160 x IPB C291 and IPB C291 x IPB C293 had positive SCA, heterosis, and heterobeltiosis values for some variable observed. Hybrid IPB C174 x IPB C291 had better advantages than the commercial varieties which were Santika, Bhaskara, Sonar, and Nirmala on fruit weight characters.Keywords: bird pepper, combining ability, half diallel, heterosis


Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A Ralahalu ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
L.L Oszaer

This research aimed to study the responses of large chilli plants (Capsicum annuum L.) to treatment with superior plant hormone organic fertilizer and to obtain the optimal concentration of superior plant hormone organic fertilizer on growth and yield of plants. The research was conducted at Gunung Nona, Benteng Village, Nusaniwe Subdistrict, Ambon City, from April to September 2012. The research experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications. The experimental factor was the concentration of superior plant hormone organic fertilizer, consisting of P0 = without fertilizer (control),   P1 = 1 ml/l, P2 = 2 ml/l, P3 = 3 ml/l, and P4 = 4 ml/l. The results showed that the concentration of superior plant hormone organic fertilizer influenced significantly on plant growth and yield of large chilli plants, and at a treatment of 3 ml / l  the number of harvested fruit per plant was 70,58 and fruit weight was 241.67 grams


2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Abdullah B. Arif ◽  
Linda Oktaviana ◽  
Sriani Sujiprihati ◽  
Muhamad Syukur

<p>Estimation of Genetic Parameter on Days to Harvest and Weight Per Fruit Characters of Hybrization Chilli and Cayyenne Papper (Capsicum annuum L.). Abdullah B. Arif, Linda Oktaviana, Sriani Sujiprihati, and Muhamad Syukur. Selection method is one of the most important factors in determining the success of pepper breeding programs. Selection method will be effective if it is supported by a complete knowledge of genetic character inheritance. The objective of this study was to aim information of inheritance pattern of pepper adaptability of quantitative characters. There are two steps in this experiment i.e developing material genetic and inheritance study of days to harvest and weight per fruit characters in the field. The results showed that days to harvest and weight per fruit characters are not maternal effect. The m[d][h][i][l] genetic model is suitable for days to harvest. The m[d][h][i][j] genetic model is suitable for fruit weight. Broadsense and narrow-sense heritabilities range from low to high.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Metode seleksi merupakan faktor penting yang mempengaruhi kesuksesan program pemuliaan cabai. Metode seleksi akan lebih efektif jika didukung oleh sebuah pengetahuan yang lengkap tentang pola pewarisan karakter genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan informasi pola pewarisan karakter kuantitatif. Terdapat dua tahapan pada penelitian ini, yaitu pembentukan materi genetik dan studi pewarisan karakter umur panen dan bobot per buah di lapang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat pengaruh tetua betina terhadap karakter umur panen dan bobot per buah. Model genetik m[d][h][i][l] sesuai untuk karakter umur panen. Model genetik m[d][h][i][j] sesuai karakter bobot per buah. Heritabilitas dalam arti luas dan dalam arti sempit berada dalam kisaran rendah sampai tinggi.</p>


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