Ein handlungstheoretisches Modell zu Identitätsarbeit und Privatheit im Alltag und im Social Web

SPIEL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-94
Author(s):  
Sascha Trültzsch-Wijnen
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Social Web ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Negotiation Processes

Identity construction and privacy are closely connected in both everyday routines as well as in online environments such as social network sites. The paper argues that an overall approach of action theory combined with systemic perspective of dispositif / apparatus can be adapted to get theoretical and empirical insights into identity work and related privacy concepts. Based on situational approaches towards social action, the negotiation processes of self presentation can be described. With regard to online communication and self presentation the technical aspect – understood as a dispositif setting – becomes more crucial then in face to face situations. To understand online privacy an approach of identity construction in every day lifeworld is outlined, embedding online action and attitude.

Ein handlungstheoretisches Modell zu Identitätsarbeit und Privatheit im Alltag und im Social Web

SPIEL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-94
Author(s):  
Sascha Trültzsch-Wijnen
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Social Web ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Negotiation Processes

Identity construction and privacy are closely connected in both everyday routines as well as in online environments such as social network sites. The paper argues that an overall approach of action theory combined with systemic perspective of dispositif / apparatus can be adapted to get theoretical and empirical insights into identity work and related privacy concepts. Based on situational approaches towards social action, the negotiation processes of self presentation can be described. With regard to online communication and self presentation the technical aspect – understood as a dispositif setting – becomes more crucial then in face to face situations. To understand online privacy an approach of identity construction in every day lifeworld is outlined, embedding online action and attitude.

scholarly journals Hunger Hurts but Starving Works: A case study of gendered practices in the online pro-eating-disorder community

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Ethnographic Methods ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Self Worth

This paper investigates collective identity-work of Pro-eating disorder (Pro-ED) groups on the Internet. Using an adaptation of face-to-face ethnographic methods to investigate online communication (Mann and Stewart 2000), the author analyzes five collective organizing practices in Pro-ED groups that reveal a highly gendered character: 1) promoting surreptitiousness, 2) organizing in and around the realm of domesticity, 3) equating beauty with self-worth, 4) relying on friendship as a chief organizing principle, and 5) using fandom as a method of attracting and maintaining members. In spite of exceptional resistance to their activities, women in the Pro-ED community are able to achieve a collective Pro-ED identity wherein they maintain eating-disordered lifestyles. The case study presented here interrupts popular sociological understandings of collective identity mobilization as having categorically positive consequences for its members.

Social anxiety is associated with similar emotional impairments during digital and face-to-face communication in daily life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Doorley ◽  
Kristina Volgenau ◽  
Kerry Kelso ◽  
Todd Barrett Kashdan ◽  
Alexander J. Shackman
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Medium Study ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Emotional Impairments ◽  
Emotional Safety

Background:Retrospective studies have found that people with elevated social anxiety (SA) show a preference for digital/online communication, which may be due to perceptions of enhanced emotional safety. Whether these preferences for/benefits of digital compared to face-to-face communication manifest in the real world has yet to be explored. Methods: We recruited samples of college students (N = 125) and community adults (N = 303) with varying levels of SA, sampled their emotions during digital and face-to-face communication using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) (Study 1) and a day reconstruction method (DRM) (Study 2), and preregistered our hypotheses (https://osf.io/e4y7x/). Results: Results from both studies showed that SA did not predict the likelihood of engaging in digital compared to face-to-face communication, and SA was associated with less positive and more negative emotions regardless of communication medium. Study 2 also showed that whether digital communication was synchronous (e.g., in real time via phone/video chat) or asynchronous (e.g., texting/instant messaging) did not impact the association between SA and emotions. Limitations: EMA and DRM methods, despite their many advantages, may be suboptimal for assessing the occurrence of digital communication behaviors relative to more objective methods (e.g., passively collecting smartphone communication data). Using event-contingent responding may have also yielded more reports of digital communication, thus strengthening our power to detect small, cross-level interaction effects. Conclusions:These results challenge beliefs that digital/online communication provides a source of emotional safety for people with elevated SA and suggests a greater need to address SA-related emotional impairments across digital communication platforms.

Kronisk sygdom som biografisk hændelse - et studie af bypassopererede kronisk hjertesyge menneskers biografiske arbejde

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Rasmus Antoft
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Chronic Heart Disease ◽  
Ability To Act

Chronic illness as biographical occurrence – a study on bypass operated individuals and their biographical work. The primary focus of this article is on bypass operated chronically ill peoples attempt to re-establish their biographical work, their everyday life. The everyday life experiences based on routines and obviousness are subjugated by the chronicle illness influence on the life narrative, its future character and the way in which it affects the shaping of identity, the biographical work. Two different themes are central in individual’s narratives about their everyday life with a chronic heart disease. These themes concern their self-presentation in inter-action with others and their anxiety directed at the future life with the illness, with the anxiety of death. This study shows that every bypass operated and chronically ill participant have experienced difficulties in reshaping their normal biographical work. Their ability to regain social action as part of the biographical work and their shaping of self-identity, has been altered significantly. In various situations this leads to potential stigmatisation, but also to a lack of acceptance in the role-playing of a chronic ill, be that in interaction with strangers or intimate social relations. This causes identity dilemmas, paradoxes in self-presentation and, as a consequence, self-deception in everyday life. The existential problem of anxiety and its subjugating character in the lifeplaning and biographical work is to be explained by the risk of reoccurrence of the heart disease, and by the latency of the possible terminal nature of the disease. The nature of the illness ruptures routines and the predictability of everyday life, thus manifesting itself in key situations of everyday life. In addition to this, the anxiety generates a lack of ability to act actively, that is, the individuals ability actively shape its lifeplaning and its biographical work.

scholarly journals Representing nonhuman animals as equals: An ecolinguistic analysis of vegan campaigns

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Zhdanava ◽  
Surinderpal Kaur ◽  
Kumaran Rajandran
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Social Actor ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Ecological Philosophy ◽  
Social Action Theory ◽  
Image Shape ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nonhuman Species

Abstract Ecolinguistics studies the interactions between language and ecology. It investigates whether the stories created by language are destructive or beneficial to all the constituents of the environment. In search of positive stories for our environment, this article focuses on vegan campaigns which generally bring awareness about veganism that, in turn, advocates protection of nonhuman animals and abstention from their exploitation. Nonhuman animals are part of the ecosystem and the way they are portrayed in language may determine the relationship between human and nonhuman animals. As vegan campaigns refer to nonhuman animals as sentient living beings, it is important to analyze whether the language and image of these campaigns articulate their purposes and create beneficial stories for nonhuman species. This article explores the stories regarding nonhuman animals in 27 posters of the vegan campaign “Go Vegan World” and examines how these stories are shaped and whether they are aligned with vegan values. The study is approached from an ecolinguistic perspective with a focus on multimodality where the language was analyzed through van Leeuwen’s Social Actor and Social Action theory, and the image was analyzed with Kress and van Leeuwen’s Grammar of Visual Design. Further, the analysis involves the ecosophy defined as a personal ecological philosophy of relationships between human and nonhuman animals, plants, and the physical environment. The findings suggest that the campaign language and image shape three stories: salience where nonhuman animals are individuals with their own feelings and lives; conviction that nonhuman animals matter as much as humans; ideology where biocentrism is promoted. By comparing these stories with the article’s ecosophy, an ecolinguistic analysis showed that they are largely beneficial in representing nonhuman animals as sentient living beings who are equal to humans.

scholarly journals Does context really collapse in social media interaction?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Szabla ◽  
Jan Blommaert
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Interactional Sociolinguistics ◽  
Polish People ◽  
Media Interaction ◽  
Networked Publics

Abstract‘Context collapse’ (CC) refers to the phenomenon widely debated in social media research, where various audiences convene around single communicative acts in new networked publics, causing confusion and anxiety among social media users. The notion of CC is a key one in the reimagination of social life as a consequence of the mediation technologies we associate with the Web 2.0. CC is undertheorized, and in this paper we intend not to rebuke it but to explore its limits. We do so by shifting the analytical focus from “online communication” in general to specific forms of social action performed, not by predefined “group” members, but by actors engaging in emerging kinds of sharedness based on existing norms of interaction. This approach is a radical choice for action rather than actor, reaching back to symbolic interactionism and beyond to Mead, Strauss and other interactionist sociologists, and inspired by contemporary linguistic ethnography and interactional sociolinguistics, notably the work of Rampton and the Goodwins. We apply this approach to an extraordinarily complex Facebook discussion among Polish people residing in The Netherlands – a set of data that could instantly be selected as a likely site for context collapse. We shall analyze fragments in detail, showing how, in spite of the complications intrinsic to such online, profoundly mediated and oddly ‘placed’ interaction events, participants appear capable of ‘normal’ modes of interaction and participant selection. In fact, the ‘networked publics’ rarely seem to occur in practice, and contexts do not collapse but expand continuously without causing major issues for contextualization. The analysis will offer a vocabulary and methodology for addressing the complexities of the largest new social space on earth: the space of online culture.

scholarly journals Islamic Activism and Habermas' Theory of Strategic Action: a Case of Parade Tauhid in Jakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Strategic Action ◽  
Islam And Politics ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Islamic Activism

Capturing the case of Parade Tauhid in Indonesia, this paper aims to describe embodied relationship between religion (Islam) and politics. As part of social action, Islamic activism provides variety of contention which is practiced in the name of Islam: ideologically, structurally, and purposely. Within his explanation of communicative action theory, Habermas acknowledges what so-called as strategic action which can be defined as every action oriented to success under the aspect of rational choice and assess the efficacy of influencing decisions or positions of rational opponent. In this context, Parade Tauhid is perceived to be conducted for reaching several political and theological purposes based on rational choices, although it is practiced by performing religious event. This paper attempts to describe definition of Islamic activism, explore the event of Parade Tauhid, and analyze the parade using Habermass theory of strategic action.Keywords: Islamic activism, Parade Tauhid, and strategic action.

scholarly journals The Integration Strategy of Conservation Values in Habituation of Semarang State University Campus

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
Saddam Saddam ◽  
Achmad Zurohman ◽  
Babul Bahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
State University ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Student Activities ◽  
Integration Strategy ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Conservation Values ◽  
Social Action Theory

UNNES crowned a conservation university. The vision of UNNES to 2040 became an internationally reputable and conservation university. Conservation means the effort to protect and preserve the value of culture and human behavior in interacting with the environment. The research objectives reveal the integration of conservation values in UNNES campus habituation. The study used a qualitative case study design. Data collection using observations, documentation, and interviews. Testing the validity of data using the triangulation of sources, techniques, and theories, using the social action theory Talcott Parsons and the personality theory of Gordon Allport. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman models through three stages; Data reduction, data presentation, and data verification, as well as Spradley's taxonomy analysis. The results of the integration strategy of conservation values in the habituation of UNNES campus are conducted through academic and non-academic activities. Through academic activities, it is seen from the planting of conservation values through conservation education, environmental education, and other courses. While through non-academic activities are seen with the planting of conservation values through UPT conservation development activities, student activity units, and the Student Activities Center. The student personality has been conservative seen from the conservative behavior of college students, habituation to be a strategy to embed conservation values. With this, the student's behavior is closely related to the conservation character he has, so it can reflect the actions that have been performed by the role of instilling the conservation values of UNNES.

scholarly journals An experimental test of the effects of online and face-to-face feedback on self-esteem

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen G. M. Vossen ◽  
Maria Koutamanis ◽  
Joseph B. Walther
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Negative Comments

This study investigated the effect of receiving confirming vs. disconfirming feedback to individuals’ self-disclosure on their self-esteem, the role of giving reciprocal feedback in this relationship, and how these effects differ between online and face-to-face communication. Using a two (communication mode: online vs. face-to-face) by two (feedback valence: confirming vs. disconfirming) between-subjects experiment, we found that feedback had a significant indirect effect on self-esteem, through the receiver’s reciprocal feedback. This indirect effect of feedback differed in online communication from offline: In online communication, participants reciprocated negative feedback when they received it, more than in face-to-face communication. The reciprocal feedback enhanced their self-esteem in online communication, but not in face-to-face communication. Although people tend to respond more negatively to negative comments in online conversations, the process, overall, boosts rather than hinders their self-esteem.

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