Synergistic Effects of Thermal Pretreatment, Ultrasound and High-Pressure Processing on the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Echinacea Juice

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Fan Qingping ◽  
Hui Ailing ◽  
Zhang Wencheng ◽  
Fu Chuanxiang ◽  
Shen Lanlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Caffeic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Ultra High Pressure ◽  
Organ Index

Fresh Echinacea purpurea plant is a rich source of caffeic acid derivatives, which actively participate in the regulation of immune function. Herein, we describe a novel process for the production of fresh Echinacea purpurea juice rich in caffeic acid derivatives. This novel process includes steam heating (100°C, 15 min) before squeezing the juice to increase the recovery of caffeic acid derivatives from the flower or leaf by 1.5 to 3.7 fold. The recovery was further enhanced by 11–20% using ultrasonication at 500 W for 30 min. The flower, leaf, and root juice of Echinacea purpurea could be preserved for 4 weeks (4°C) or 6 months (−18°C) following ultra-high-pressure pasteurization (300 MPa, 15 min). Under these conditions, more than 90% of active cichoric acid was retained. Furthermore, the frozen-stored Echinacea purpurea juice exhibited similar or better immunoenhancement properties when measured by organ index, ear swelling, and carbon clearance test in mice compared with that of the positive control group (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that a combination of steam, ultrasound, and ultra-high-pressure treatment could serve as a superior process for the preparation of functional Echinacea purpurea juice.

scholarly journals Increasing medicinal and phytochemical compounds of coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) as affected by NO3−/NH4+ ratio and perlite particle size in hydroponics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi ◽  
Abbas Samadi ◽  
Ebrahim Sepehr ◽  
Amir Rahimi ◽  
Sergey Shabala
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Caffeic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

AbstractMedicinal plants are considered as one of the most important sources of chemical compounds, so preparing a suitable culture media for medicinal plant growth is a critical factor. The present study is aimed to improve the caffeic acid derivatives and alkylamides percentages of Echinacea purpurea root extract in hydroponic culture media with different perlite particle size and NO3−/NH4+ ratios. Perlite particle size in the growing media was varied as very coarse perlite (more than 2 mm), coarse perlite (1.5–2 mm), medium perlite (1–1.5 mm), fine perlite (0.5–1 mm), and very fine perlite (less than 0.5 mm) in different ratios to peat moss (including pure perlite, 50:50 v/v, 30:70 v/v, and pure peat moss). Two NO3−/NH4+ ratios (90:10 and 70:30) were tested in each growing media. All phytochemical analyses were performed according to standard methods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that the E. purpurea grown in the medium containing very fine-grade perlite with 50:50 v/v perlite to peat moss ratio had the maximum caffeic acid derivatives, including chicoric acid (17 mg g−1 DW), caftaric acid (6.3 mg g−1 DW), chlorogenic acid (0.93 mg g−1 DW), cynarin (0.84 mg g−1 DW), and echinacoside (0.73 mg g−1 DW), as well as, alkylamides (54.21%). The percentages of these phytochemical compounds increased by decreasing perlite particle size and increasing of NO3−/NH4+ ratio. The major alkylamide in the E. purpurea root extract was dodeca-2E, 4E, 8Z-10 (E/Z)-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide in all treatments, ranging from 31.12 to 54.21% of total dry weight. It can be concluded that optimizing hydroponic culture media and nutrient solution has significant effects on E. purpurea chemical compounds.

Effects of High Pressure Processing on the Quality of Vacuum Packed Fish Patties

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 4671-4676
Author(s):  
Ying Chun Zhu ◽  
Li Zhen Ma ◽  
Yu Jing Tian ◽  
Hua Yang ◽  
Yao Hua Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of high pressure processing (HPP) as a preservation method of meat products. Vacuum-packaged fish patties were subjected to HPP (300 MPa for 30 min 15°C or 500 Mpa for 10 min at 15°C). Untreated samples represented the control group. The three groups were stored at 4°C for 0–5 weeks. Color parameters, pH, thiobarbituric (TBARS), bacterial growth, and Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) were determined. The results revealed that the 500-MPa treatment inhibited bacterial growth and extended the shelf-life of fish patties to four weeks with insignificant effects on the physicochemical attributes.

scholarly journals Amelioration of caffeine-induced seizures by modulators of sigma, N-methyl-d-Aspartate and ryanodine receptors in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Keshavarz ◽  
Seyyed Hoseini ◽  
Samad Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Ryanodine Receptors ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Clonic Seizures

AbstractObjectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiepileptic effects of opipramol, a sigma receptor agonist, diazepam, ketamine, an N-methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and dantrolene, a ryanodine receptor antagonist, against caffeine-induced seizures in mice.Methods We used caffeine (1000 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for inducing clonic and tonic-clonic seizures in male albino Swiss strain of mice. We used opipramol in three different doses (10, 20 and 50 mg/kg), ketamine (50 mg/kg), dantrolene (40 mg/kg), opipramol (20 mg/kg) plus ketamine (50 mg/kg), opipramol (20 mg/kg) plus dantrolene (40 mg/kg), diazepam (5 mg/kg as a positive control) and the vehicle 30 min before injecting caffeine. We recorded the onset of clonic, tonic-clonic seizures and the time of death of animals after using caffeine.Results Animals treated with opipramol at a dose of 50 mg/kg or diazepam had a higher onset of clonic seizure compared with the vehicle-treated group. Dantrolene alone or with opipramol (20 mg/kg) increased the latency of clonic seizure compared with the control group. Opipramol (20 and 50 mg/kg), diazepam, ketamine alone or with opipramol, and dantrolene plus opipramol increased the latency of tonic-clonic seizures in mice. All the treatments except opipramol (10 mg/kg) and dantrolene alone increased the latency of death of animals.Conclusion Opipramol attenuated seizures produced by high doses of caffeine. Moreover, the activation of sigma receptors and inhibition of ryanodine receptors may produce synergistic effects against caffeine-induced seizures. Our study may imply that different mechanisms such as inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid-A receptors, activation of NMDA and ryanodine receptors may contribute to the caffeine-induced seizures.

A simple coloured indicator for monitoring ultra high pressure processing conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fernández García ◽  
P. Butz ◽  
M. Corrales ◽  
R. Lindauer ◽  
P. Picouet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Ultra High Pressure

Studies the Influence of HPP on Celery’s Transverse Texture and Tissue

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1456-1459
Author(s):  
Shu Lai Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
World Food ◽  
Ultra High Pressure ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After

In order to process and preserve vegetables by High Pressure Processing (HPP), the texture and tissue of celery processed by HPP was studied in this paper. HPP is gaining in popularity with the world food industry. However, processing and preservation of vegetables by HPP is an advanced technology. In this study, ten celery samples had been treated at the diverse pressure for different time respectively. Furthermore, the slices of the samples before and after HPP had been made and observed by microscope. Although little celery juice effused at ultra high pressure (600 MPa) for 5 min or at 400 MPa for longer time (more than 20 min), the comprehensive observations and analyses showed that in general the texture and tissue of celery could not be damaged by high pressure. The conclusion is that processing celery at 600 MPa for 5 min is the practicable technology.

scholarly journals Patterns of variation in lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents in flower developmental stages of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench cultivated in Slovakia

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mistríková ◽  
Š. Vaverková
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Caffeic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Optimum Yield ◽  
The Third ◽  
Flower Age

The objective of this study was to examine and demonstrate how harvesting age (flower age) contribute to the variations in the quality of <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench. The effects of different flower developmental stages on caffeic acid derivatives and isobutylamide content are described. These phytochemicals were extracted from fresh plants with 60% ethanol and quantified by the HPLC analysis. The results revealed that the quality of <i>Echinacea</i> is strongly influenced by the flower developmental stages. The highest content of both hydrophilic and lipophilic components in the anthodium of Echinacea plants were found in the third (mature) developmental stage, which is regarded as the optimum one for the harvest to obtain optimum yield levels.

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