scholarly journals STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES AND CALCIUM CHLORIDE TREATMENT ON THE GERMINATION OF IRANIAN AND EUROPEAN BARLEY CULTIVARS

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Setare Abarnak ◽  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Kianoosh Cheghamirza
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Chloride Treatment

Low temperature stress is one of the limiting factors of seed germination. In order to investigate the effect of lowtemperatures on germination of barley cultivars, identification of traits related to low temperature stress at germinationstage and the effect of calcium chloride on these traits, 44 Iranian and European barley cultivars were evaluatedin a factorial experiment within completely randomized design with 3 replications in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology,Agronomy and Plant Breeding department, Razi University. The first factor was 44 Iranian and European barleycultivars, the second factor included four temperature (0, 5, 10 and 20°C), and the third factor was the use of calciumchloride (10 mM) and its non-use (distilled water). Analysis of variance showed that there was a significant differencebetween cultivars for all traits except root length and seed vigor. Applying calcium chloride treatment ata concentration of 10 mM did not significantly affect the traits under the studied temperatures. Reducing temperaturefrom 20°C to 10°C and 5°C reduced root length, shoot length, coleoptile length, root number, coefficient of velocityof germination, seed vigor and promptness index. The results of correlation analysis showed that there wasa significant positive correlation between promptness index with average velocity of germination, coefficient ofvelocity of germination and seed vigor, germination percentage and root number in all studied temperatures. Therewas little differentiation between Iranian and European cultivars by both cluster and discriminant analysis.

scholarly journals 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Improves Nutrient Uptake and Endogenous Hormone Accumulation, Enhancing Low-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Cucumbers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Anwar ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Yumei Liu ◽  
Yansu Li ◽  
Xianchang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Mass Accumulation

5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) increases plant tolerance to low-temperature stress, but the physiological and biochemical mechanisms that underlie its effects are not fully understood. To investigate them, cucumber seedlings were treated with different ALA concentrations (0, 15, 30 and 45 mg/L ALA) and subjected to low temperatures (12/8 °C day/night temperature). The another group (RT; regular temperature) was exposed to normal temperature (28/18 °C day/night temperature). Low-temperature stress decreased plant height, root length, leaf area, dry mass accumulation and the strong seedling index (SSI), chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis, leaf and root nutrient contents, antioxidant enzymatic activities, and hormone accumulation. Exogenous ALA application significantly alleviated the inhibition of seedling growth and increased plant height, root length, hypocotyl diameter, leaf area, and dry mass accumulation under low-temperature stress. Moreover, ALA increased chlorophyll content (Chl a, Chl b, Chl a+b, and Carotenoids) and photosynthetic capacity, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes, while decreasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2•−), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under low-temperature stress. In addition, nutrient contents (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) and endogenous hormones (JA, IAA, BR, iPA, and ZR) were enhanced in roots and leaves, and GA4 and ABA were decreased. Our results suggest the up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, nutrient contents, and hormone accumulation with the application of ALA increases tolerance to low-temperature stress, leading to improved cucumber seedling performance.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Mapping Unravels the Genetic Control of Seed Vigor under Low-Temperature Conditions in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Tao Luo ◽  
Yuting Zhang ◽  
Chunni Zhang ◽  
Matthew N. Nelson ◽  
Jinzhan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Tolerance Indices

Low temperature inhibits rapid germination and successful seedling establishment of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), leading to significant productivity losses. Little is known about the genetic diversity for seed vigor under low-temperature conditions in rapeseed, which motivated our investigation of 13 seed germination- and emergence-related traits under normal and low-temperature conditions for 442 diverse rapeseed accessions. The stress tolerance index was calculated for each trait based on performance under non-stress and low-temperature stress conditions. Principal component analysis of the low-temperature stress tolerance indices identified five principal components that captured 100% of the seedling response to low temperature. A genome-wide association study using ~8 million SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) markers identified from genome resequencing was undertaken to uncover the genetic basis of seed vigor related traits in rapeseed. We detected 22 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) significantly associated with stress tolerance indices regarding seed vigor under low-temperature stress. Scrutiny of the genes in these QTL regions identified 62 candidate genes related to specific stress tolerance indices of seed vigor, and the majority were involved in DNA repair, RNA translation, mitochondrial activation and energy generation, ubiquitination and degradation of protein reserve, antioxidant system, and plant hormone and signal transduction. The high effect variation and haplotype-based effect of these candidate genes were evaluated, and high priority could be given to the candidate genes BnaA03g40290D, BnaA06g07530D, BnaA09g06240D, BnaA09g06250D, and BnaC02g10720D in further study. These findings should be useful for marker-assisted breeding and genomic selection of rapeseed to increase seed vigor under low-temperature stress.

Effects of low-temperature stress on histone modification in ZF4 cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Penglei JIANG ◽  
Yingdi SHI ◽  
Yanwen HOU ◽  
Bingshe HAN ◽  
Junfang ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Histone Modification ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress

Effects of low temperature stress on photosynthesis in potato leaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-zhi QIN ◽  
Jue CHEN ◽  
Zhen XING ◽  
Chang-zheng HE ◽  
Xing-yao XIONG
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress

scholarly journals Zinc Seed Priming Improves Spinach Germination at Low Temperature

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Asim Mahmood ◽  
Günter Neumann ◽  
Birte Boelt
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Early Seedling Development

Low temperature during germination hinders germination speed and early seedling development. Zn seed priming is a useful and cost-effective tool to improve germination rate and resistance to low temperature stress during germination and early seedling development. Spinach was tested to improve germination and seedling development with Zn seed priming under low temperature stress conditions. Zn priming increased seed Zn concentration up to 48 times. The multispectral imaging technique with VideometerLab was used as a non-destructive method to differentiate unprimed, water- and Zn-primed spinach seeds successfully. Localization of Zn in the seeds was studied using the 1,5-diphenyl thiocarbazone (DTZ) dying technique. Active translocation of primed Zn in the roots of young seedlings was detected with laser confocal microscopy. Zn priming of spinach seeds at 6 mM Zn showed a significant increase in germination rate and total germination under low temperature at 8 °C.

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