scholarly journals Metabolic Parameters in Wistar Rats Treated with Glucocorticosteroids and Vitamin E-Charged Poly Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1315-1318
Author(s):  
Mihaela Balaban ◽  
Bogdana Virgolici ◽  
Adriana Dinu ◽  
Alexandra Totan ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Glucocorticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment in many inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Their administration can be associated with various side effects, similar to those within the metabolic syndrome. The beneficial effects of vitamin E in metabolic syndrome were demonstrated by many studies. Nowadays, vitamin E can be administrated through a new and innovative system delivery, such as polylactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs). The aim of this experimental study was to compare the metabolic and haematological parameters after Prednisone administration as a single drug or in combination with vitamin E delivered by PLGA-NPs. Wistar male rats (n=15, age 10-12 months), on standard diet were randomised in three groups, for 6 weeks as: group SC served as a control, group SP was treated with Prednisone (1 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage and group SN received Prednisone (1 mg/kg/day) and vitamin E-charged PLGA nanoparticles (1 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage. In the Prednison treated group versus control, higher levels (p[0.05) were demonstrated for visceral fat weight, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterolemia and triglyceridemia. The association of PLGA-NPs charged with vitamin E to Prednisone prevented (p[0.05) hypercholesterolemia and visceral fat development induced by the cortisol intake. In conclusion, polylactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs) charged with Vitamin E may demonstrate promising results in decreasing side effects induced by glucocorticosteroids, by reducing the amount of visceral fat and cholesterolemia.

scholarly journals Bifidobacterium adolescentis supplementation ameliorates visceral fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity in an experimental model of the metabolic syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 1429-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjin Chen ◽  
Ren Wang ◽  
Xiao-Fang Li ◽  
Rui-Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium adolescentis (Bif) supplementation on visceral fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity of the metabolic syndrome in HF-diet-fed rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n 10 per group) were fed four different experimental diets for 12 weeks as follows: standard diet; high-fat (HF) diet; a mix of HF diet and Bif; a mix of standard diet and Bif. Liver, mesenteric fat, epididymal fat, retroperitoneal fat, and inguinal fat, pancreas and triceps surae in all four groups of the rats were weighed, while liver steatosis and insulin sensitivity were evaluated at the end point of the study. As the number of intestinal Bifidobacterium species decreased obviously, fat pad weight and body weight increased significantly in the HF group compared with in the other three groups (P <0·05). Addition of Bif led to a reduction in body weight and fat pad weight (P <0·05). With an increase in liver weight, more severe steatosis of hepatocytes was observed in the HF group compared with in the other three groups. A significant decrease of the glucose infusion rate and pancreas weight was found in the HF group (P <0·05). This deleterious effect was alleviated when Bif was added to the diets. Bifidobacterium supplementation ameliorated visceral fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity of the metabolic syndrome in HF-diet-fed rats.

scholarly journals MON-673 Use of Metabolic Syndrome Severity to Assess Treatment with Vitamin-E and Pioglitazone for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Daniel DeBoer ◽  
Jasmine A Mack ◽  
Matthew J Gurka
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Continuous Measure ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Metabolic Derangement ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the setting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and can progress to cirrhosis. While clinical management of NASH has proven difficult, the Pioglitazone, Vitamin E or Placebo NASH study (PIVENS) demonstrated that treatment with either pioglitazone or vitamin-E increased odds of NASH-resolution. NASH is strongly associated with insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as both a predictor and an outcome, though this has only been studied using dichotomous MetS criteria (e.g. ATP-III). We previously formulated a sex- and race/ethnicity-specific MetS severity Z-score (MetS-Z) that serves as a continuous measure of metabolic dysregulation. We hypothesized: 1) there would be a decrease in severity of MetS over the course of intervention in PIVENS and 2) the degree of decrease in MetS-Z early in the course of treatment would be a predictor of future NASH resolution. METHODS: Participants in PIVENS (n=201) had biopsy-confirmed NASH at baseline and were randomized to receive pioglitazone, vitamin E or placebo for 96 weeks, when they received repeat biopsy to assess for NASH resolution. We compared levels of MetS-Z and its standardized effect size (the absolute observed difference in MetS-Z for an individual divided by the overall baseline standard deviation of MetS-Z) at baseline, 48 weeks and 96 weeks and used logistic regression to determine associations between baseline MetS and the change in MetS from 0–48 weeks on ultimate NASH resolution—both overall and by intervention group. RESULTS: During the 96 weeks of intervention, 73 participants (363%) exhibited NASH resolution. Baseline MetS-Z was inversely associated with odds of NASH resolution, such that those with higher MetS severity at baseline were less likely to experience NASH resolution (odds ratio [OR] per 1-SD of MetS-Z-score: 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33,0.88). Of the three intervention groups, the decrease in MetS-Z during initial 48 weeks of intervention was greatest for pioglitazone treatment (effect-size: -0.31, CI -0.15,-0.48). During treatment with vitamin E, those with significant 48-week changes in MetS-Z tended to be those with vs. without ultimate NASH resolution (-0.18 vs. -0.05). In the group overall, 48-week change in MetS-Z was inversely associated with NASH resolution (OR of per 1-SD change: 0.56, CI 0.35,0.88). CONCLUSION: Individuals with more severe metabolic derangement at baseline were less likely to exhibit NASH resolution, suggesting that individuals may have a threshold of MetS-severity beyond which successful treatment is unlikely. As hypothesized, a decrease in MetS-Z over time was associated with improved odds of NASH resolution. As an integrated marker of metabolic abnormalities, MetS-Z may be a new way non-invasively follow for successful treatment of NASH.

Why Visceral Fat is Bad: Mechanisms of the Metabolic Syndrome

Obesity ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2S) ◽  
pp. 16S-19S ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Bergman ◽  
Stella P. Kim ◽  
Karyn J. Catalano ◽  
Isabel R. Hsu ◽  
Jenny D. Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Rimonabant: From RIO to Ban

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir H. Sam ◽  
Victoria Salem ◽  
Mohammad A. Ghatei
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Cb1 Receptor ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Mass Market ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cb1 Receptor Antagonist

Endocannabinoid antagonism as a treatment for obesity and the metabolic syndrome became a hugely anticipated area of pharmacology at the start of the century. The CB1 receptor antagonist Rimonabant entered the European mass market on the back of several trials showing weight loss benefits alongside improvements in numerous other elements of the metabolic syndrome. However, the drug was quickly withdrawn due to the emergence of significant side effects—notably severe mood disorders. This paper provides a brief overview of the Rimonabant story and places the recent spate of FDA rejections of other centrally acting weight loss drugs entering Phase 3 trials in this context.

scholarly journals Systemic Oxidative Stress is Associated With Visceral Fat Accumulation and the Metabolic Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1437-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Fujita ◽  
Hitoshi Nishizawa ◽  
Tohru Funahashi ◽  
Iichiro Shimomura ◽  
Michio Shimabukuro
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound Ablation of Visceral Fat: A new treatment for metabolic syndrome

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Dumoulin
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factor ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The goal of this project is to develop a minimally invasive treatment for metabolic syndrome associated with obesity. Metabolic syndrome includes diabetogenic, atherogenic, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory metabolic abnormalities; which often present during childhood. Patients with obesity-induced metabolic syndrome have a high risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The most prevalent form of obesity-associated metabolic syndrome is related to the accumulation of visceral fat, rather than subcutaneous fat or total body fat. Visceral fat and its resident macrophages produce pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., necrosis factor-alpha, leptin, and interleukin-6) that are implicated in chronic low-grade inflammation which subsequently lead to metabolic syndrome in the obese. Recent animal studies show that loss of visceral fat may generate substantial improvements in the metabolic risk factor profile. This notion has important clinical implications as it recognize visceral adiposity as a therapeutic target for the management of metabolic syndrome in high-risk patients. While lifestyle modifications in the form of caloric restriction, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery have all been shown to provide improvement in metabolic risk factors associated with obesity, it is not known if these improvements are maintained over time. Improvement also takes time, (i.e., several months to years) to show beneficial effects. More importantly none of the existing interventions specifically target visceral fat which is thought to play a causative role in the metabolic syndrome. Thus, in this application we will investigate de-bulking of visceral fat by thermal ablation as a treatment option for obesity-induced metabolic syndrome. We hypothesize that HIFU treatment of visceral fat can improve insulin action in obese rats and provide a non-surgical alternative to visceral fat resection. To test this hypothesis, we will design, build, and validate an MR-guided focused ultrasound system for the ablation of visceral fat in a rodent model of metabolic syndrome.

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