scholarly journals Inflamatory Chemistry and Organic Surgery in the Maxilar Compression

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1385-1389
Author(s):  
Constantin Mihai ◽  
Cristian Constantin Budacu ◽  
Vlad Danila ◽  
Dragos Octavian Palade ◽  
Mihaela Debita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Continuous Transformation ◽  
Maxillary Bone ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Orthognatic Surgery ◽  
The Common ◽  
Marginal Periodontitis

The morphology and physiology of odonto-periodontal units, muscles, temporomandibular joints, maxillary bones, ligaments are in a constant balance, even if all these components are subject to continuous transformation. Affecting a systemic element will attract imbalances to other levels, and the therapeutic solution will require knowledge and understanding of the ensemble. A complete dental exam must allow identification of all factors responsible or likely to cause imbalance in the stomatognat system. The maxillary compression is an abnormality characterized by a transversal developmental deficiency in the upper jaw and / or the mandibular, showing morpho-functional changes that denote a complex disruption in the development of the dento-maxillary apparatus. The common modification of all the fractured cases is the insufficient development in a transversal sense, dental arcades (mono - or bimaxilar), along with facial and maxillary bone changes, disturbances of inter - maxillary or occlusion blocking, functional deficits and disturbances. The strictly mandibular compression situation is very rare and addresses cases by affecting growth at the condylian level. The study includes 27 cases with jaw compression and benefited from orthognat surgery in the Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic between 2015 - 2018. If untreated, the abnormality determines the appearance of many cavities especially in the front teeth, difficulty in performing dental hygiene will lead to chronic marginal periodontitis, the occurrence of abnormal contact between teeth with joint pain, decreased chewing field. The jaw compression is revealed by multiple facial and oral signs, as well as by functional changes. Orthognatic surgery is the only effective treatment for many patients in jaw compression.

scholarly journals A Morphometric Analysis of Intra-articular Disc of Temporomandibular Joints in Cadavers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratik Ashokkumar Agrawal ◽  
Navin S Shah ◽  
Ramnarayan A Gandotra ◽  
Karan Vasantray Panchal ◽  
Rishabh Navin Shah
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Articular Disc ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Human Cadavers

Introduction: Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) has been a controversial topic in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery speciality especially regarding temporomandibular joint disorders and internal derangement of articular disc. The aetiology behind it has been related to the anatomic variations of the disc and its impact on the functioning of the articular disc. To understand such anatomic variation, the study has been conducted that will help future maxillofacial surgeon’s in designing accurate prosthetic articular disc that will improve the overall mechanics of the functioning of the prosthetic disc. Aim: To analyse the morphometric variations of the intra-articular disc in terms of circumference of the disc, perforations and their thickness within the disc in cadavers. Materials and Methods: The present observational study was carried out on cadavers in the Department of Anatomy. SBKS Medical College and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Gujarat, India. The study was done from January 2017 to October 2018. Temporomandibular joints were dissected bilaterally from 10 human cadavers, i.e., 20 articular discs. The disc was removed and was measured with the help of thread, vernier callipers and standardised metallic scale and the circumference and thickness in the disc were evaluated. Descriptive statistical test was used and Chi-square test was applied. Results: Mean thickness of disc, both in males as well as females ranged from 1.4-2.0 mm in the Posterio-Medial (PM) and Posterio- Lateral (PL) region, while in Anterio-Medial (AM) and Anterio- Lateral (AL) region it ranged from 1.6-1.8 mm. Maximum length of disc ranged from 12-13 mm in anterio-posterio dimension while in Medio-Lateral (ML) it was 22-23 mm. Conclusion: The study gives an indepth knowledge about the various morphometric variations of articular disc and also shows its impact on the functioning of the disc. The study also directs maxillofacial surgeons to design prosthetic articular disc with greater accuracy and anatomical knowledge so that the procedures like surgical replacement of the disc can be carried out with greater potency and efficacy for the betterment of the patient.

Bone changes in the temporomandibular joints of older adults: A cone‐beam computed tomography study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminata Dumbuya ◽  
Amanda Farias Gomes ◽  
Leonardo Marchini ◽  
Erliang Zeng ◽  
Carissa L. Comnick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Bone Changes

scholarly journals Postoperative Rehabilitation Guidelines for Hip Arthroscopy in an Active Population

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Voight ◽  
Kevin Robinson ◽  
Lance Gill ◽  
Karen Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Free Function ◽  
The Common

Context: With the evolution of hip arthroscopy has come an increased recognition of intra-articular hip pathologies and improved techniques for their management. Whereas mechanical problems can often be corrected through surgery, functional deficits must be corrected through the rehabilitation process. Therefore, the evolution of hip arthroscopy has necessitated a progression in hip rehabilitation to ensure optimal postsurgical results. Evidence Acquisition: Literature review was conducted with PubMed, EMBASE, and PEDro (1992 to 2009) with the terms hip, rehabilitation, and physical therapy. Results: Although it is generally accepted that rehabilitation after hip arthroscopy is important, there is limited evidence-based research to support the rehabilitative guidelines. Conclusion: The common goal of hip rehabilitation should remain focused on the return to pain-free function of the hip joint. Outcome data indicate that this goal is being met; however, further data are required to completely validate the long-term success of hip rehabilitation after arthroscopy.

scholarly journals Morphological and functional changes in the enterocyte induced by fructose

1991 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Danielsen ◽  
G H Hansen ◽  
L L Wetterberg
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Glycoprotein Synthesis ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Dietary Sugar ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mucosal Explants

In the presence of 10-50 mM-fructose, enterocytes of organ-cultured pig intestinal-mucosal explants fail to glycosylate correctly their newly synthesized microvillar enzymes, and instead degrade them [Danielsen (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 13726-13729]. In the present work, this degradation was shown to occur extremely rapidly as the microvillar enzyme aminopeptidase N (EC 3.4.11.2) was hardly detectable after a 10 min pulse with [35S]methionine. The abnormal biosynthesis of membrane glycoproteins affected both the morphology and the function of the Golgi complex as well as the microvillar membrane. Thus the stack of Golgi cisternae was condensed and devoid of dilated rims, and the secretion of a non-glycosylated protein, apolipoprotein A-1, was almost completely blocked in the presence of fructose, showing that transport through the secretory pathway is disturbed even for proteins unaffected by the defective glycosylation. The microvilli of the brush-border membrane were markedly shortened (by about 40%) in the presence of fructose, and incorporation of newly made actin into the microvillar cytoskeleton was similarly decreased. By affecting membrane glycoprotein synthesis, the common dietary sugar fructose thus profoundly perturbs the exocytic membrane traffic in the enterocyte.

scholarly journals Observational Study of the Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of Jaws

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Elena Lungu ◽  
Madalina Anca Lazar ◽  
Andrada Tonea ◽  
Horatiu Rotaru ◽  
Rares Calin Roman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Necrotic Bone ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Maxillary Bone ◽  
Medical Background ◽  
Radiological Image

Introduction. The bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw was first referred to in 2003. Bisphosphonates action is focused on the osteoclasts. The drastic inhibition of the osteoclastic function is harmful for the jaws which are the only bones of the human skeleton in relative contact with the external environment. The adverse effects of the bisphosphonate-related therapy include the pathology for which they are prescribed, the atypical fractures in pathological bone.Method. The aim of this research was to analyze the risk factors and the treatment methods in case of osteonecrosis of the jaws. To achieve these goals, the author analyzed the observation sheets of the patients admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic during the period 2010-2015. The inclusion criteria were as follows: treatment with bisphosphonates, current or previous; the lesions of the mucous gingiva of the maxillaries followed by exposed necrotic bone, older than 8 weeks, with no tendency of healing; specific radiological image showing extended osteolysis with diffuse outline or radiopacity surrounded by radio-transparence, representing the necrotic bone sequestered; no metastasis in the necrotic maxillary bone; patient with no medical background of cervical-facial radiations. The patients who met these criteria were admitted in the study after signing the informed consent. Afterwards, the information found in the notes of the observational sheet (anamnesis, general examination and the imagistic investigation, treatment, postoperative recovery, prescription, postoperative recommendations) were gathered and submitted for statistic analysisResults. Of the 20 patients in total, 13 were women and 7 men, of ages ranging from 43 to 83. The most numerous cases were registered in the seventh age decade. All patients included in the study had lesions of the gingival maxillary mucosal areas with exposure of the subjacent necrotic bone. 60% of them were under intravenous treatment with zoledronic acid (Zometa®). A single patient was under oral treatment with bisphosphonates. 19 of these 20 patients developed osteonecrosis following a dental extraction while one case was due to the instability of the mandibular mobile prosthesis. 61% of the patients included in the study developed a necrotic process in the mandibular bone, 80% of the localizations were in the posterior area. As first intention, the choice of treatment was represented by local lavages with antiseptic solutions, general antibiotics and sequestrectomy. Of these patients, a third had relapsed and needed radical surgery treatment.Conclusions. Prevention of the bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw represents the best method of treatment. The development of bone sequesters damages the volume of the maxillary bone as such, reducing the chances for prosthetic functional rehabilitation of the dento-maxillary system. An increase in the quality of life by oral restoration of these patients may represent a challenge.

Demonstratives and the emergence of a definite article in Juba Arabic and Ki-Nubi

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-232
Author(s):  
Stefano Manfredi
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Definite Article ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Demonstrative Pronouns ◽  
The Common ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Grammatical Functions

In this study I provide a description of the morphosyntax and the functions of demonstratives in Juba Arabic and Ki-Nubi, two closely related Arabic-based contact languages. The study describes the process of acquisition of demonstrative pronouns and determiners and it explains the formal and functional changes that have taken place in the demonstrative system of Arabic as a consequence of pidginization and subsequent creolization. Broadly speaking, the reduction of the inflection of Arabic demonstratives and the gradual loss of their deictic value corresponds to a change of their grammatical functions along the common grammaticalization path deictic demonstrative > anaphoric demonstrative > definite article. However, Juba Arabic and Ki-Nubi clearly differ in terms of both forms and functions of pronominal and adnominal demonstratives. If Juba Arabic demonstratives are characterized by a certain morphological continuity with those of its Arabic lexifier, Ki-Nubi gives evidence of an innovative, and rather complex, system of demonstrative pronouns and determiners. This morphosyntactic divergence is also reflected on a functional ground insofar as the adnominal demonstrative de “this” is mainly used as a tracking device in Juba Arabic, whereas it can mark nominal definiteness in Ki-Nubi. The study eventually proposes a unified diachronic hypothesis that accounts for a greater degree of grammaticalization of nominal determination in Ki-Nubi as a result of its radical creolization.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA (PRP) TO AUTOGENOUS BONE GRAFT

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Iswinarno Doso Saputro ◽  
Magda Rosalina Hutagalung ◽  
Siti Isya Wahdini
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Maxillary Bone ◽  
Tissue Healing

Bone graft use in maxillofacial surgery is currently developing, though some problems still persist. One of promising solutions to the problems is application of platelet rich plasma which may accelerate soft tissue healing and bone formation. This study aims to provide basic understanding to the development of PRP application in bone healing where bone graft is applied on human maxillae. Bone defects were made on maxillae of albino rabbits, with an application of bone graft in control group and bone graft plus PRP in treatment group. Histopathological analysis was performed in both groups to assess osteoblast density and collagen tissue area. On day 21st, more osteoblast density and collagen area in treatment group are significantly observed (p<0.05, 95% confidence interval). Observations were made on hard callus formation. In conclusions, platelet rich plasma may increase density of osteoblast in rabbit maxillary bone graft.

scholarly journals Frequency of Iatrogenic Changes Caused from Overhang Restorations

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Boteva ◽  
D. Karayasheva ◽  
K. Peycheva
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Cohort Group ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Marginal Periodontitis

Summary Overhangs from different restorations are an iatrogenic error with different results, short and long term consequences related to bone changes and periodontal diseases. Amalgam “tattoos”, idiopathic subgingival hypertrophy, marginal periodontitis and bone reductions in the intradental septum are major problems. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the frequency of traumatic restorations in distal teeth and clinical criteria, related to the x-ray findings. Evaluating criteria, for repairing the overhangs or for replacement of the restorations, is also a goal. Three hundred and sixteen - 316 patients from both sexes, 632 dental x-rays with 948 distal teeth and 632 restorations, at least two radiographs for each patient, were analyzed. Overhangs are classified in three groups: small, middle and large. In the criteria bone changes from the overhangs are analyzed separately from the existing or nonexisting bone changes from a generalized periodontal diseases. The frequency of iatrogenic changes in this cohort group is 10.6% from 632 restored teeth. This is a relatively small number compared with the other published studies. These overhangs are on distal teeth in sound teeth arches which makes them difficult for corrections. The evaluated criteria for replacement based on x-ray findings and clinical experience includes: operative and nonoperative corrections, restoration replacement, perio- and endo-therapy and follow up terms for secondary caries.

scholarly journals The prevalence of Jaw and temporomandibular disorders and its relationship with malocclusions in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Pakravan ◽  
Tahmine Bamdadian ◽  
Zohreh Taqavi ◽  
Faeze Valipour ◽  
Mahdi Babaei Hatkehloui
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Common ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Masticatory Muscle Pain ◽  
Subclinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Problems

In recent years the number of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is on the rise, given this, this paper aimed to investigate the prevalence of jaw and TMDs and its relationship with malocclusions in children. This study was conducted as a review article. The study was a descriptive – library type in which by referring to all the resources and literature of the existing studies, their results have been summed up. The TMDs is referred to clinical problems that involve masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints or both of them. Its prevalence is 12 to 20%, and including subclinical symptoms, it reaches to 65 %. The common age is reported to be between 20 and 40 years, and its prevalence is higher in women. The most common symptoms are masticatory muscle pain, and the most common cause of it is premature contacts. Its treatment includes two phases;  the first phase includes reducing anxiety, medication, and physiotherapy. The second phase involves orthodontic treatment.

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