scholarly journals Anniversary Professor dr.ing. Gheorghe MARIA at 65 years old - teacher and scientist

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Cristiana Luminita Gijiu ◽  
Daniel Dinculescu ◽  
Mara Crisan
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Chemical Engineer ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Biochemical Engineering ◽  
Chemical Reactors ◽  
Regulatory Circuits ◽  
Wide Range

Prof. Dr. Ing. Gheorghe Maria from University Politehnica of Bucharest (UPBuc.), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering is a valuable scientist in Romania, being the successor and continuer of the Romanian school of (bio)chemical reactors and reaction engineering, but also the creator of novel courses in the (bio)chemical engineer curricula at UPBuc. His research interests include a wide range of classic but also modern border fields, namely (bio)chemical reactors, kinetic modelling, bioinformatics, chemical reactors risk analysis, modelling dynamics of cell metabolic processes, of gene regulatory circuits, and of controlled drug release. Following the large number of international cooperations (20), its scientific productivity is impressive, including over 230 papers in ISI journals and intl. Conferences, 11 ISBN books (RO,USA), 5 teaching books (UPBuc., RO), and 6 ISBN book chapters abroad. Their practical realizations include the design and putting into operation of an industrial plant in Romania (at Petrochemical works /Refinery Brazi-Ploiesti, Romania, PWBP,1985), of a lab-scale pilot plant in Switzerland (Paul Scherer Inst., 1992-1998), or a safety-based optimization of a semi-batch (SBR) reactor (at CIBA-Novartis, Basel, 1994-1996). Based on these multiple contributions, it can be stated that Prof. Maria has had a significant impact on the science and the practice of Chemical and Biochemical Reaction Engineering in Romania and world-wide, his publications being well cited (Hirsch index 20, I10 index 49, more than 1400 citations). In 2019 he joined (unanimously by votes) the Romanian Academy. as a correspondent member.

A Comprehensive Approach to Reaction Engineering

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Mahecha-Botero ◽  
John R. Grace ◽  
Said S.E.H. Elnashaie ◽  
C. Jim Lim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Biochemical Reaction ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Biochemical Engineering ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Engineering Problems

A generalized modeling approach is used to develop a systematic algorithm for formulating and solving chemical/biochemical reaction engineering problems. This systematic approach is general enough that it can treat different systems with varying degrees of complexity utilizing the same methodology. The procedure can be used in both introductory and advanced chemical/biochemical reaction engineering courses. This will provide the students with a powerful "toolkit" to tackle a wide range of academic and industrial engineering problems as well as a solid starting point for developing research projects in this field. This may also allow the students to have a better understanding of the multiple phenomena encountered in chemical/biochemical engineering systems and encourage them to prepare models at an optimum level of sophistication for design, optimization, and exploration of novel ideas.

scholarly journals Dust Explosion Prevention and Mitigation, Status and Developments in Basic Knowledge and in Practical Application

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf K. Eckhoff
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Process Industries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Firm Knowledge ◽  
Systematic Education ◽  
Training Of Personnel ◽  
Made In

Right from the early days of the process industries, continuous efforts have been made to develop and improve measures for prevention and mitigation of dust explosions in these industries. Nevertheless this hazard continues to threaten industries that manufacture, use and/or handle powders and dusts of a wide range of combustible materials. To improve methods for predicting explosion development in real industrial plant has been one major challenge. Hence, during the last years comprehensive numerical simulation codes, for addressing this problem, have been developed. Progress has also been made in other areas, for example, ignition source prevention. The importance of adopting inherently safer process design, by building on firm knowledge in powder science and technology, and of systematic education/training of personnel, is also emphasized.

A novel design space concept for design of concrete foundation supporting chemical reactors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Bedair
Keyword(s):  
Design Space ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Chemical Reactors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Numerical Finite Element ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Reactor Models

PurposeThis paper presents a novel concept for design of concrete support system for chemical reactors used in refineries and petrochemical plants. Graphical method is described that can be used to size the concrete base and piling system. Recommendations are also provided to optimize the parameters required for the design. The procedure is illustrated for design of two reactor models commonly used in gas recovery units.Design/methodology/approachDesign space representation for the foundation system is described for chemical reactors with variable heights. The key points of the design graph are extracted from the numerical finite element models. The reactor load is idealized at discrete points to transfer the loads to the piles. Bilateral spring system is used to model the soil restrains.FindingsThe graphical approach is economical and provides the design engineer the flexibility to select the foundation parameters from wide range of options.Practical implicationsThe concept presented in the paper can be utilized by engineers in the industry for design of chemical reactors. It must be noted that little guidelines are currently available in practice addressing the structural design aspects.Originality/valueA novel concept is presented in this paper based on significant industrial design experience of reactor supports. Using the described method leads to significant cost savings in material quantity and engineering time.

Applications of the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) in Chemical Reaction Engineering

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana D Nandasana ◽  
Ajay Kumar Ray ◽  
Santosh K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Engineering Optimization ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Chemical Reactors ◽  
Chemical Reaction Engineering

Most of the chemical reaction engineering optimization problems encounters more than one objective functions. A considerable amount of research has been reported on the multiobjective optimization of various chemical reactors using various non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms. This is reviewed in this paper. The introduction of the topic is given at the beginning, followed by the description of multi-objective optimization and Pareto set. We have then discussed various non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms and its applications in chemical reaction engineering. Some comments are also made on the future research direction in this area.

Flow Speed Measurement and Rheometry by Pulsed Neutron Activation

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. A. Porges ◽  
S. A. Cox ◽  
C. Herzenberg ◽  
C. Kampschoer
Keyword(s):  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Slurry Flow ◽  
Flow Behavior Index ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pulsed Neutron

Pulsed Neutron Activation (PNA) is a means of noninvasive flow velocity measurement based on tagging the flowing medium with a short-lived radioactivity. Previous work with salt or dye-tagging showed poor accuracy in turbulent and failed in laminar flow when conventional data processing was used. However, use of a data acquisition and processing scheme that is based on tag dispersion modelling can produce absolute values over a wide range of flow speeds and regimes with high accuracy. For non-Newtonian/laminar flow, rheological information can also be obtained. The inherently non-intrusive nature of PNA tagging makes this scheme available for slurry measurements. The performance of PNA in slurry flow at up to 60 percent solid content was compared to full-flow diversion and weighing. Errors ranged from less than 0.2 percent at high Reynolds’ numbers to about 2 percent for paste flow. Rheological parameters (yield shear stress or flow behavior index) could be determined with an accuracy that compared to that of a spindle viscometer with grab-samples. The PNA scheme thus offers a unique means of studying slurry flow in a dedicated laboratory facility, or of providing calibration for other flowmeters in an industrial plant through temporary installation by a team of expert consultants.

scholarly journals The biotechnological production of xanthan on vegetable oil industry wastewaters (part II): Kinetic modelling and process simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Bojana Bajic ◽  
Damjan Vucurovic ◽  
Sinisa Dodic ◽  
Zorana Roncevic ◽  
Jovana Grahovac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Xanthan Production ◽  
Kinetics Of

Xanthan is a microbial biopolymer with a wide range of industrial applications and it is expected that the demand for this product will significantly increase in the coming decade and for this reason it is important to constantly work on improving all aspects of this biotechnological process. The aim of this research was to examine the kinetics of batch cultivation of Xanthomonas campestris ATCC 13951 using vegetable oil industry wastewaters as a basis for the cultivation medium, in order to produce the biopolymer xanthan. Kinetic modelling is very important for process control, reducing process costs and increasing product quality. By performing xanthan production on a medium with optimized content, the experimental values of content of biomass, carbon source and the desired product were obtained and used to determine the kinetics of biosynthesis. In order to describe biomass multiplication, product formation and carbon source consumption, the logistics, the Luedeking-Piret and modified Luedeking- -Piret equation, respectively, were successfully used. Additionally, using process simulation software (SuperPro Designer?), a process and cost model for a xanthan production facility was developed. The developed model represents the basis for a 21,294.29 and 23,107.97 kg/year xanthan production facility, which uses a vegetable oil industry wastewater-based medium and a semi-synthetic medium. The simulation model of the suggested xanthan production process, developed and based on defined kinetic models, represents an excellent basis for its further improvement and for increasing its efficiency.

Chemical-diffusion Metamaterials with “Plug and Switch” Modules for Ion Cloaking, Concentrating and Selection: Design and Experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Chengye Yu ◽  
Chuanbao Liu ◽  
Zhengjiao Xu ◽  
Yan jing Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Flux ◽  
Chemical Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Field ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Biochemical Engineering ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Diffusion Behavior ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Applications

Abstract The outstanding abilities of metamaterials to manipulate physical fields have been extensively studied in wave-based fields. Recently, this research has been extended to diffusion fields. Chemical diffusion behavior is crucial in a wide range of fields including the transportation of various matters, and metamaterials with the ability to manipulate diffusion with practical applications associated with chemical and biochemical engineering have not yet been proposed. In this work, we propose the idea of a “plug and switch” metamaterial to achieve the switchable functions of ion cloaking, concentrating and selection in liquid solvents by plugging modularized functional units into a functional motherboard. The respective modules are theoretically designed based on scattering cancellation, and the properties are verified by both simulations and experiments. Plugging in any module barely affects the environmental diffusion field, but the module choice impacts different diffusion behaviors in the central region. Cloaking strictly hinds ion diffusion, and concentrating promotes a large diffusion flux, while cytomembrane-like ion selection permits the entrance of some ions but blocks others. In addition to property characterization, these functions are demonstrated in special applications. The concentrating function is experimentally verified by catalytic enhancement, and the ion selection function is verified by protein protection. This work not only demonstrates the effective manipulation of metamaterials in terms of chemical diffusion behavior but also shows that the "plug and switch" design is extensible and multifunctional, and facilitates novel applications including sustained drug release, catalytic enhancement, bioinspired cytomembranes, etc.

scholarly journals Study on the effect of fractional composition and ash particle diameter on ash collection efficiency at the electrostatic precipitator

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Slavko Djuric ◽  
Petko Stanojevic ◽  
Damir Djakovic ◽  
Aleksandar Jovovic
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Wide Range

The goal of experimental investigations shown in this paper is to estimate operating efficiency degree of the electrostatic precipitator on a real industrial plant (at thermal power plant ?Gacko? with electric power of 310MW, Bosnia & Herzegovina) and to use obtained results as a base of periodical engineering or continual measurement and to compare them with the investigations of other investigators. Investigation of the electrostatic precipitator performance was done according to . BASISO9096:2003 In this paper the electrostatic precipitator efficiency during ash particle removal with wide range of particle sizes from 1 to 250mm .93%is evaluated. Exploitational experience points that electrostatic precipitators are efficient for the coals of different quality (coal particles diameters bigger than 1) and that they could be optimized during the exploitation itself and for some following processes (e.g. flue gas desulphurization). Within the measurement plane, measurements were made on points per section. It has been noticed that ash removal degrees obtained experimentally (3 investigations) have approximately equal value (95 to 97.78). The best concordance with the results of experimental investigation shows the Deutsch equation, while theoretical models of Zhibin-Guoquan and Nobrega-Falaguasta-Coury do not correspondent well with the results of experimental investigations. For the ash particles with the diameters less than 17.5 there is no good correlation between investigated theoretical models. The highest deviation of the model for ash particles with diameters less than is notable in the case of usage of the Deutsch equation. ?m17.5?m20%?m.

Ten years of industrial and municipal membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems – lessons from the field

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asun Larrea ◽  
Andre Rambor ◽  
Malcolm Fabiyi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Process Controls

The use of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in activated sludge wastewater treatment has grown significantly in the last decade. While there is growing awareness and knowledge about the application of MBR technology in municipal wastewater treatment, not much information is available on the application of MBRs in industrial wastewater treatment. A comparative study of design data, operating conditions and the major challenges associated with MBR operations in 24 MBR plants treating both municipal and industrial wastewater, built by and/or operated by Praxair, Inc., is presented. Of the 24 MBR systems described, 12 of the plants used high purity oxygen (HPO). By enabling a wide range of food/microorganism ratios and loading conditions in the same system, HPO MBR systems can extend the options available to industrial plant operators to meet the challenges of wide fluctuations in organic loading and footprint limitations. While fouling in industrial MBR systems can be an issue, adequate flux and permeability values can be reliably maintained by the use of good maintenance strategies and effective process controls (pretreatment, cleaning and membrane autopsies).

scholarly journals Scientific approaches to science policy

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3273-3274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Science Policy ◽  
Time Distribution ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Number Of Publications

The development of robust science policy depends on use of the best available data, rigorous analysis, and inclusion of a wide range of input. While director of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), I took advantage of available data and emerging tools to analyze training time distribution by new NIGMS grantees, the distribution of the number of publications as a function of total annual National Institutes of Health support per investigator, and the predictive value of peer-review scores on subsequent scientific productivity. Rigorous data analysis should be used to develop new reforms and initiatives that will help build a more sustainable American biomedical research enterprise.

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