Constructing and Standardizing Cognitive Test in Artist Competition Rule for Epee Referees

The research aimed at constructing and standardizing a cognitive test in competition rules for epee referees as well as identifying the validity of these tests. The problem of the research lies in the lack of cognitive tests made for fencing referees. The researchers used the descriptive method on (50) referees and the pilot study was conducted on (3) while constructing subjects (47) and standardizing subjects were (45). The test was distributed, collected, and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that there are differences between referees in their level that proves the validity of this test to measure cognitive knowledge of competition rules.

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Constructing a cognitive test of some Scout skills for scout stage in Jordan

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] ◽

10.24200/jeps.vol3iss1pp97-111 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Nehad El Batikhy

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Achievement ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Descriptive Method

This research aims at constructing a reliable cognitive test of some skills for scout stage to measure the level of cognitive achievement of scout stage (12- 14 years). The researcher used the descriptive method with a sample of (130) scouts who were selected r&omly & purposively from scout students at the ”scout stage." The cognitive test included five categories: skills of using ropes, skill of firing, skill of using camping, skill of nutrition outdoor & cooking outdoor skills of outdoor trips. The test comprised 30 items. The researcher made the following recommendations: Using the cognitive test periodically to evaluate students & determine their level & constructing cognitive tests for other scout stages

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The Impact of Cesarean and Vaginal Delivery on Results of Psychological Cognitive Test in 5 Year Old Children

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56100554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. 554

Author(s):

Barbora Blazkova ◽

Anna Pastorkova ◽

Ivo Solansky ◽

Milos Veleminsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Education ◽

Cognitive Development ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Higher Secondary Education ◽

University Degree ◽

The Impact

Background and objectives: The impact of cesarean and vaginal delivery on cognitive development was analyzed in 5 year old children. Materials and Methods: Two cohorts of 5 year old children born in the years 2013 and 2014 in Karvina (Northern Moravia) and Ceske Budejovice (Southern Bohemia) were studied for their cognitive development related to vaginal (n = 117) and cesarean types of delivery (n = 51). The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test (BG test) and the Raven Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM test) were used as psychological tests. Results: In the comparison of vaginal delivery vs. cesarean section, the children delivered by cesarean section scored lower and, therefore, achieved poorer performance in cognitive tests compared to those born by vaginal delivery, as shown in the RCPM (p < 0.001) and in the BG test (p < 0.001). When mothers’ education level was considered, the children whose mothers achieved a university degree scored higher in both the RCPM test (p < 0.001) and the BG test (p < 0.01) compared to the children of mothers with lower secondary education. When comparing mothers with a university degree to those with higher secondary education, there was a significant correlation between level of education and score achieved in the RCPM test (p < 0.001), but not in the BG test. Conclusions: According to our findings, the mode of delivery seems to have a significant influence on performance in psychological cognitive tests in 5 year old children in favor of those who were born by vaginal delivery. Since cesarean-born children scored notably below vaginally born children, it appears possible that cesarean delivery may have a convincingly adverse effect on children’s further cognitive development.

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SHORT-TERM PRACTICE EFFECTS AND AMYLOID DEPOSITION: PROVIDING INFORMATION ABOVE AND BEYOND BASELINE COGNITION

Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease ◽

10.14283/jpad.2017.9 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

K. Duff ◽

D.B. Hammers ◽

B.C.A. Dalley ◽

K.R. Suhrie ◽

T.J. Atkinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Test Scores ◽

Amyloid Deposition ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Practice Effects ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Short Term

Background: Practice effects, which are improvements in cognitive test scores due to repeated exposure to testing materials, may provide information about Alzheimer’s disease pathology, which could be useful for clinical trials enrichment. Objectives: The current study sought to add to the limited literature on short-term practice effects on cognitive tests and their relationship to amyloid deposition on neuroimaging. Participants: Twenty-seven, non-demented older adults (9 cognitively intact, 18 with mild cognitive impairment) received amyloid imaging with 18F-Flutemetamol, and two cognitive testing sessions across one week to determine practice effects. Results: A composite measure of 18F-Flutemetamol uptake correlated significantly with all seven cognitive tests scores on the baseline battery (r’s = -0.61 – 0.59, all p’s<0.05), with higher uptake indicating poorer cognition. Practice effects significantly added to the relationship (above and beyond the baseline associations) with 18F-Flutemetamol uptake on 4 of the 7 cognitive test scores (partial r’s = -0.45 – 0.44, p’s<0.05), with higher uptake indicating poorer practice effects. The odds ratio of being “amyloid positive” was 13.5 times higher in individuals with low practice effects compared to high practice effects. Conclusions: Short-term practice effects over one week may be predictive of progressive dementia and serve as an affordable screening tool to enrich samples for preventative clinical trials in Alzheimer’s disease.

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Towards adopting serious games for cognitive tests with Brazilian older people

Journal of Interactive Systems ◽

10.5753/jis.2019.715 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Leandro Agostini do Amaral ◽

Renata Pontin de Mattos Fortes ◽

Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas ◽

Paula Costa Castro ◽

Thiago Jabur Bittar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Older People ◽

Serious Games ◽

Digital Games ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Promising Tool ◽

Education And Health ◽

Cognitive Evaluation ◽

Validation Experiments

Serious games are a promising tool in different scenarios, such as education and health; however, there has been little research reported on their specialized use for older adults. We created a digital cognitive test – with the characteristics of a serious game – using Unified Design aiming to reproduce digitally the results of clinical cognitive evaluation in older people. The digital cognitive test was submitted to two validation experiments targeting an older public (n=40) with little experience in dealing with tablets or smartphones. The first experiment did not show significant correlation, but from it, we implemented initiatives to simplify the tests, which brought a positive result regarding convergence analysis in the second experiment. We concluded that it is possible to use digital games as cognitive tests adapted to the needs of older adults to achieve similar results as those of paper-based cognitive tests.

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Constructing and standardizing Effective Administration Scale for Iraqi Basketball Federation from Employees’ Point of View

Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.37359/jope.v33(2)2021.1137 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 9-22

Author(s):

Omer Saad Huait ◽

Huda Hameed

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Point Of View ◽

Effective Administration ◽

National League ◽

Descriptive Method

The study aimed at constructing and standardizing effective administration for the Iraqi basketball federation from employees' point of view. The researchers used the descriptive method on (424) administrative bureau members, (54) sub federations members as well as (10) certified national league coaches making a total of (547). The pilot study and the data were collected to conclude (5) standard levels of the scale. Finally, the researchers recommended using these scores and levels for measurement.

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Organizing Culture Scale For PMF From Physical Educators’ Point Of View

Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.37359/jope.v32(4)2020.1043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 80-86

Author(s):

Mustafa Hasoon Khadem ◽

Farqad Abduljabar Khadem

Keyword(s):

Organizational Culture ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Military Training ◽

Point Of View ◽

Physical Educators ◽

Making A Difference ◽

Descriptive Method ◽

Popular Mobilization

The aim of the research is to design organizational culture for physical educators and military training staff for PMF as well as identifying the level of organizational culture in popular mobilization forces PMF. The researcher used the descriptive method on (300) physical educators of PMF. Ten physical educators as well as 10 officers were selected for the pilot study. The researcher suggested (25) items for this scale to collect the data and come up with the conclusions. The results showed that origination is a vital means for making a difference in the PMF performance.

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The age-related effect on cognitive performance in cognitively healthy elderly is mainly caused by underlying AD pathology or cerebrovascular lesions: implications for cutoffs regarding cognitive impairment

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13195-020-00592-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emma Borland ◽

Erik Stomrud ◽

Danielle van Westen ◽

Oskar Hansson ◽

Sebastian Palmqvist

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Age Effect ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Test Results ◽

Cognitive Changes ◽

Cerebrovascular Lesions ◽

Cerebrovascular Pathology ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Age Related

Abstract Background As research in treatments for neurocognitive diseases progresses, there is an increasing need to identify cognitive decline in the earliest stages of disease for initiation of treatment in addition to determining the efficacy of treatment. For early identification, accurate cognitive tests cutoff values for cognitive impairment are essential. Methods We conducted a study on 297 cognitively healthy elderly people from the BioFINDER study and created subgroups excluding people with signs of underlying neuropathology, i.e., abnormal cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] β-amyloid or phosphorylated tau, CSF neurofilament light (neurodegeneration), or cerebrovascular pathology. We compared cognitive test results between groups and examined the age effect on cognitive test results. Results In our subcohort without any measurable pathology (n = 120), participants achieved better test scores and significantly stricter cutoffs for cognitive impairment for almost all the examined tests. The age effect in this subcohort disappeared for all cognitive tests, apart from some attention/executive tests, predominantly explained by the exclusion of cerebrovascular pathology. Conclusion Our study illustrates a new approach to establish normative data that could be useful to identify earlier cognitive changes in preclinical dementias. Future studies need to investigate if there is a genuine effect of healthy aging on cognitive tests or if this age effect is a proxy for higher prevalence of preclinical neurodegenerative diseases.

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Sex, Race, and Age Differences in Prevalence of Dementia in Medicare Claims and Survey Data

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbaa083 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yingying Zhu ◽

Yi Chen ◽

Eileen M Crimmins ◽

Julie M Zissimopoulos

Keyword(s):

Neuropsychological Assessment ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Dementia Prevalence ◽

Medicare Claims ◽

Diagnosis Codes ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

The Difference ◽

Over Time

Abstract Objectives This study provides the first comparison of trends in dementia prevalence in the U.S. population using 3 different dementia ascertainments/data sources: neuropsychological assessment, cognitive tests, and diagnosis codes from Medicare claims. Methods We used data from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study and Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study, and a 20% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries. We compared dementia prevalence across the 3 sources by race, gender, and age. We estimated trends in dementia prevalence from 2006 to 2013 based on cognitive tests and diagnosis codes utilizing logistic regression. Results Dementia prevalence among older adults aged 70 and older in 2004 was 16.6% (neuropsychological assessment), 15.8% (cognitive tests), and 12.2% (diagnosis codes). The difference between dementia prevalence based on cognitive tests and diagnosis codes diminished in 2012 (12.4% and 12.9%, respectively), driven by decreasing rates of cognitive test-based and increasing diagnosis codes-based dementia prevalence. This difference in dementia prevalence between the 2 sources by sex and for age groups 75–79 and 90 and older vanished over time. However, there remained substantial differences across measures in dementia prevalence among blacks and Hispanics (10.9 and 9.8 percentage points, respectively) in 2012. Discussion Our results imply that ascertainment of dementia through diagnosis may be improving over time, but gaps across measures among racial/ethnic minorities highlight the need for improved measurement of dementia prevalence in these populations.

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The Role of Inflammatory Diet and Vitamin D on the Link between Periodontitis and Cognitive Function: A Mediation Analysis in Older Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030924 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 924

Author(s):

João Botelho ◽

Yago Leira ◽

João Viana ◽

Vanessa Machado ◽

Patrícia Lyra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Mediation Analysis ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Patients suffering from periodontitis are at a higher risk of developing cognitive dysfunction. However, the mediation effect of an inflammatory diet and serum vitamin D levels in this link is unclear. In total, 2062 participants aged 60 years or older with complete periodontal diagnosis and cognitive tests from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2012 and 2013–2014 were enrolled. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease (CERAD) word learning subtest (WLT) and CERAD delayed recall test (DRT), the animal fluency test (AFT) and the digit symbol substitution test (DSST) was used. Dietary inflammatory index (DII) was computed via nutrition datasets. Mediation analysis tested the effects of DII and vitamin D levels in the association of mean probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) in all four cognitive tests. Periodontitis patients obtained worse cognitive test scores than periodontally healthy individuals. DII was negatively associated with CERAD-WLT, CERAD-DRT, AFT and DSST, and was estimated to mediate between 9.2% and 36.4% of the total association between periodontitis with cognitive dysfunction (p < 0.05). Vitamin D showed a weak association between CERAD-DRT, AFT and DSST and was estimated to between 8.1% and 73.2% of the association between periodontitis and cognitive dysfunction (p < 0.05). The association between periodontitis and impaired cognitive function seems to be mediated both by a proinflammatory dietary load and vitamin D deficiency. Future studies should further explore these mediators in the periodontitis-cognitive decline link.

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Analysis of cognitive abilities measured in a laboratory-controlled 360° simulation in soccer

German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research ◽

10.1007/s12662-021-00713-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Florian Heilmann ◽

Peter Weigel ◽

Rainer Wollny

Keyword(s):

Executive Functions ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Age Groups ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Significant Group ◽

Male Youth ◽

Youth Soccer ◽

Block Test

AbstractSoccer, which is characterized by a very high pace and a short possession time, requires players who are well trained in cognitive abilities. The aim of the study was to quantify cognitive abilities and the improvements in cognitive measures in a laboratory-controlled 360° simulation setting. In all, 82 male youth soccer players (4 age groups) were examined with a pre-/posttest design with an e‑training intervention in a unique 360° simulation tool (SoccerBot360 [Umbrella Software Development GmbH, Leipzig, Germany]). The cognitive abilities, especially executive functions, were measured using cognitive tests (Stroop number test, Corsi Block test, Anticipation tests, Choice Reaction test) modified for the 360° simulation to evaluate executive functions and anticipation. The analyzed soccer players showed significant positive changes in cognitive tests from pre- to posttest and significant group effects. The changes in the cognitive test values are not exclusively due to the additional training in the simulation. Nevertheless, the results show significant differences between the four age groups in cognitive abilities and their development.

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