Effects of soybean isoflavones on expression levels of osteoprotegerin and osteoprotegerin ligand mRNAs in bone tissues of ovariectomized rats

Zhuang-Gu-Fang is a Chinese medicinal compound mixture, which is mainly composed of traditional remedies like the Epimedium Herb, Astragalus, and Eucommia among many others. The study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic effect of Zhuang-Gu-Fang in ovariectomized rats. Fifty six-month-old Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into 5 groups (n = 10), namely, model group, positive group, low-dose Chinese medicine group, medium-dose group, and high-dose group. Another 10 sham operation Wistar rats were taken as a negative control group. After 3 months of intervention, the bone mineral density (BMD), procollagen type I N-peptide (PINP), beta C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen carboxyl-terminal peptide (β-CTX), Leptin, Ghrelin, and Peptide YY (PYY) of each group were measured. Besides, the ultrastructure of bone structure and osteoblasts was also observed by transmission electron microscopy. Western blot method was used to detect the expression levels of Leptin and Ghrelin in bone tissue, and RT-PCR detected the mRNA expression levels of Leptin and Ghrelin. BMD test indicated that Zhuang-Gu-Fang could effectively prevent the loss of tibia bone in ovariectomized rats. Histomorphology analysis showed that Zhuang-Gu-Fang could preserve trabecular bone structure integrity and improve osteoblast ultrastructure. Notably, the study found out that Zhuang-Gu-Fang worked through balancing the bone metabolism via increasing bone formation/resorption ratio. Additionally, Zhuang-Gu-Fang highlighted the recovery effects in multiple levels of osteogenesis- and osteanagenesis-related factors Leptin, Ghrelin, and PYY. Conclusively, the study proved the therapeutic potential of the Zhuang-Gu-Fang for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and further revealed that its therapeutic effect was related to the balance of bone metabolism and the recovery effects of bone-related factors Leptin, Ghrelin, and PYY.

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Effects of resistance training and estrogen replacement on adipose tissue inflammation in ovariectomized rats

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2016-0443 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 605-612 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maria Fernanda Cury Rodrigues ◽

Fabiano Candido Ferreira ◽

Natália Santanielo Silva-Magosso ◽

Marina Rodrigues Barbosa ◽

Markus Vinicius Campos Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Low Grade ◽

Estrogen Replacement ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Inflammatory Status ◽

Ovx Rats ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Gene And Protein Expression

Estrogen deficiency is directly related to central obesity and low-grade inflammation. Hormonal replacement and exercise training are both able to decrease fat accumulation and inflammation in postmenopausal women. However, the efficiency of resistance training (RT) and estrogen replacement (ER) in minimizing adiposity and inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of ovariectomized (OVX) rats has not yet been elucidated. In this study, Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into the following 6 groups: sham-operated sedentary (Sham-Sed), OVX-Sed, Sham-RT, OVX-RT, OVX-Sed-ER, and OVX-RT-ER groups. ER was performed by implanting silastic capsules containing 17β-estradiol. For RT, the animals were required to climb a 1.1-m vertical ladder with conical flasks containing weights attached to their tails for 12 weeks. Histological analyses were used to evaluate morphological changes. Gene expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and protein concentrations were determined using Multiplex/Luminex assays. Ovariectomy increased the body mass (BM), adipocyte area, and inflammation in the VAT, the latter of which was indicated by reduced interleukin-10 (48%) and increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentration (∼3%). RT efficiently decreased BM, adipocyte area, and inflammation in the OVX groups. The combination of RT and ER decreased BM (19%) and the TNF-α concentration (18%) and increased the gene and protein expression levels of adiponectin (173% and 18%). These results indicate that RT and the combination of RT and ER are efficient strategies for reducing the BM and improving the inflammatory status of OVX rats.

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Genistein Enhances the Promoting Effects of Exercise on Anti-Oxidant and Anti- Inflammation Balance and Cardiomyopathy in the Ovariectomized Diabetic Rat

10.21203/rs.3.rs-811808/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Farzaneh Nazari-Serenjeh ◽

Seyyed Alireza Vafaie ◽

Maryam Khajvand-Abedini ◽

Amir Mohammad Salehi ◽

Mohammad Mohammadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Diabetic Rat ◽

Cardiac Complications ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Combined Intervention

Abstract Purpose: These experiments aimed to analyze the effects of genistein and/or exercise on the expression of miRNA-133, IGF-1, and Bcl-2, Bax plus oxidative stress and inflammation markers in the heart of diabetic ovariectomized rats. Methods: Animals were divided into seven groups (n=8): control, sham, ovariectomy (OVX), diabetic ovariectomized (OD), and diabetic ovariectomized with eight weeks of genistein administration (ODG) and with eight weeks of swimming training (ODS) and with eight weeks of both of them (ODGS). High-fat nutrition and low dose streptozotocin injection were used for induction of diabetes. The effect of those treatments was evaluated by measuring lipid profiles, miRNA-133 gene expression, and Bcl-2, Bax, and IGF-1 protein expression levels. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers levels were also measured.Results: ovariectomy down-regulated cardiac miRNA-133, IGF-1, and Bcl-2 expression levels and increased MDA, OSI, TOS, TNF- α, and NF-κB levels plus a reduction in TAC. Diabetes induced an additive effect on the above-measured factors. Genistein improved oxidative and inflammation conditions and up-regulated miRNA-133, Bcl-2, and IGF-1 expression in OD rats. Genistein also enhanced the positive effect of exercise on miRNA-133, Bcl-2, and IGF-1expression in the heart, along with a reduction in Bax. The combined intervention was associated with improvement in oxidative and inflammation conditions. Histological observation showed some abnormality in cardiac tissue, which was improved by genistein or/and exercise treatment.Conclusion: genistein or/and exercise as a natural replacement therapy could improve diabetic-induced cardiac complications within the heart of ovariectomized rats.

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Soybean Isoflavones Dose-Dependently Reduce Bone Turnover but Do Not Reverse Established Osteopenia in Adult Ovariectomized Rats

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/131.3.723 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 131 (3) ◽

pp. 723-728 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Christel Picherit ◽

Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero ◽

Brigitte Chanteranne ◽

Patrice Lebecque ◽

Marie-Jeanne Davicco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Turnover ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Soybean Isoflavones

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Estrogens downregulate urocortin 2 expression in rat uterus

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/joe-13-0228 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 219 (3) ◽

pp. 269-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kenichiro Watanabe ◽

Takahiro Nemoto ◽

Shigeo Akira ◽

Toshiyuki Takeshita ◽

Tamotsu Shibasaki

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Passive Immunization ◽

Estradiol Benzoate ◽

Estrogen Receptor Α ◽

Female Rats ◽

Regulatory Mechanisms ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Old Rats ◽

Mrna Expression Levels

Urocortin 2 (Ucn2) is a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor peptide family and is expressed by various tissues, including reproductive tissues such as the uterus, ovary, and placenta. However, the regulatory mechanisms of Ucn2 expression and the physiological significance of Ucn2 in these tissues remain unclear. We previously showed that passive immunization of immature female rats by i.p. injection of anti-Ucn2 IgG induces earlier onset of puberty. Therefore, this study was designed to clarify the site and regulatory mechanisms of Ucn2 expression in the uterus. Expression levels of Ucn2 mRNA in the uterus were higher in immature (2- and 4-week-old) and aged (17-month-old) rats than in mature (9-week-old) rats in the proestrus phase. In 9-week-old rats, mRNA expression levels and contents in the uterus were lower in the proestrus phase than in the diestrus phase, while plasma Ucn2 concentrations did not differ between the two phases. Ucn2-like immunoreactivitiy was detected in the endometrial gland epithelial cells of the uterus. S.c. injection of estradiol benzoate or an estrogen receptor α (ERα) agonist significantly reduced mRNA expression levels and contents of Ucn2 in the uterus when compared with vehicle-injected ovariectomized rats. By contrast, estradiol benzoate increased Ucn2 mRNA expression levels in the lung. Thus, estrogens downregulate Ucn2 expression in the uterus in a tissue-specific manner, and Ucn2 may play a role in the regulatory mechanisms of maturation of the uterus through ERα and estrous cycle.

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Clomiphene citrate impairs the endometrial CD98 expression in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats: Role of HCG

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v17i6.4809 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Behpour Yousefi ◽

Elnaz Rahbar

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Clomiphene Citrate ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Immunohistochemistry Staining ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Lower Expression

Background: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is one of the widely used drugs as an ovulation stimulant, but its adverse effects on the endometrium results in lowering down the pregnancy rate. Endometrium CD98 is also important in the process of implantation. Objective: To evaluate the immunohistochemistry expression levels of endometrial CD98 following injection of CC with and without Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats. Materials and Methods: Seventy two (12-14 wk old) female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 36): (a) ovariectomized and (b) non-ovariectomized. Each group was further divided into six subgroups (n = 6/each): (1) CC 10 mg/kg, (2) CC 20 mg/kg, (3) HCG, (4) CC 10 mg/kg with HCG, (5) CC 20 mg/kg with HCG, and (6) control. The experimental subgroups received a single dose of CC (daily, five days) and HCG (after the last injection of CC) alone or in combination. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed on paraffin-embedded endometrial tissues to evaluate the expression levels of CD98. Result: Animals undergoing ovariectomy presented a significantly lower expression level of endometrial CD98 (p < 0.001) when compared with non-ovariectomized in the same condition that groups were subdivided. There was also a dose-dependent reduction (p < 0.001) in the expression of CD98 in non-ovariectomized subgroups when compared with control group. In addition, injection of HCG following treatment with CC improved its expression. Conclusion: It was concluded that CC impairs CD98 expression in endometrium and this impairment is intensified with the removal of the ovary. Also, an injection of HCG following treatment with CC can slightly improve the expression of CD98.

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