scholarly journals Phytotherapy for colorectal cancer: about some phytochemicals and their mechanisms of action]

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Patricia Landazuri ◽  
◽  
Beatriz Restrepo ◽  
Nelsy Loango ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is very common in both men and women. Phytochemicals such as polysaccharide alkaloids, polyphenols, diterpenoids among others, have been used for the prevention and treatment of cancer. The mechanisms of action of these compounds on cancer cells include molecular targets in the apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. At the level of the whole organism, they improve the intestinal microbiota, which plays an important role in the initiation and progression of CRC. Recent research is aimed at obtaining and modifying phytochemicals to improve their effectiveness, safety and their inclusion in functional foods, but more studies are needed to validate their properties.

scholarly journals Potential Mechanisms of Probiotics Action in the Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Molska ◽  
Julita Reguła
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Physicochemical Conditions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolites ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and most diagnosed cancers in the world. There are many predisposing factors, for example, genetic predisposition, smoking, or a diet rich in red, processed meat and poor in vegetables and fruits. Probiotics may be helpful in the prevention of cancer and may provide support during treatment. The main aim of this study is to characterize the potential mechanisms of action of probiotics, in particular the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Probiotics’ potential mechanisms of action are, for example, modification of intestinal microbiota, improvement of colonic physicochemical conditions, production of anticancerogenic and antioxidant metabolites against carcinogenesis, a decrease in intestinal inflammation, and the production of harmful enzymes. The prevention of colorectal cancer is associated with favorable quantitative and qualitative changes in the intestinal microbiota, as well as changes in metabolic activity and in the physicochemical conditions of the intestine. In addition, it is worth noting that the effect depends on the bacterial strain, as well as on the dose administered.

scholarly journals Signaling pathways in intestinal homeostasis and colorectal cancer: KRAS at centre stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Ternet ◽  
Christina Kiel
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Cell Junction ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Intestinal Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe intestinal epithelium acts as a physical barrier that separates the intestinal microbiota from the host and is critical for preserving intestinal homeostasis. The barrier is formed by tightly linked intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) (i.e. enterocytes, goblet cells, neuroendocrine cells, tuft cells, Paneth cells, and M cells), which constantly self-renew and shed. IECs also communicate with microbiota, coordinate innate and adaptive effector cell functions. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways contributing to intestinal cell fates and homeostasis functions. We focus especially on intestinal stem cell proliferation, cell junction formation, remodelling, hypoxia, the impact of intestinal microbiota, the immune system, inflammation, and metabolism. Recognizing the critical role of KRAS mutants in colorectal cancer, we highlight the connections of KRAS signaling pathways in coordinating these functions. Furthermore, we review the impact of KRAS colorectal cancer mutants on pathway rewiring associated with disruption and dysfunction of the normal intestinal homeostasis. Given that KRAS is still considered undruggable and the development of treatments that directly target KRAS are unlikely, we discuss the suitability of targeting pathways downstream of KRAS as well as alterations of cell extrinsic/microenvironmental factors as possible targets for modulating signaling pathways in colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Molecular targets of apigenin in colorectal cancer cells: Involvement of p21, NAG-1 and p53

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (18) ◽  
pp. 3365-3374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhong ◽  
Chutwadee Krisanapun ◽  
Seong-Ho Lee ◽  
Thararat Nualsanit ◽  
Carl Sams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of action and prediction of response to oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 1931-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Arango ◽  
A J Wilson ◽  
Q Shi ◽  
G A Corner ◽  
M J Arañes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Prediction Of Response ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells

scholarly journals Bovine lactoferrin and lactoferricin exert antitumor activities on human colorectal cancer cells (HT-29) by activating various signaling pathways

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rulan Jiang ◽  
Bo Lönnerdal
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
Dead Cell ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Ht 29

Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein that is present at high concentrations in milk. Bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) is a peptide fragment generated by pepsin proteolysis of bovine lactoferrin (bLf). LfcinB consists of amino acid residues 17–41 proximal to the N-terminus of bLf and a disulfide bond between residues 19 and 36, forming a loop. Both bLf and LfcinB have been demonstrated to have antitumor activities. Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in developed countries. We hypothesized that bLf and LfcinB exert antitumor activities on colon cancer cells (HT-29) by triggering various signaling pathways. bLf and LfcinB significantly induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells but not in normal human intestinal epithelial cells, as revealed by the ApoTox-Glo Triplex Assay. The LIVE/DEAD cell viability assay showed that both bLf and LfcinB reduced the viability of HT-29 cells. Transcriptome analysis indicated that bLf, cyclic LfcinB, and linear LfcinB exerted antitumor activities by differentially activating diverse signaling pathways, including p53, apoptosis, and angiopoietin signaling. Immunoblotting results confirmed that both bLf and LfcinBs increased expression of caspase-8, p53, and p21, critical proteins in tumor suppression. These results provide valuable information regarding bLf and LfcinB for potential clinical applications in colon cancer therapy.

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