scholarly journals Comparison of Huelsmann Basic Biquad with View to the Decrease of the Attenuation over the Transient Frequency of the Operational Amplifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Circuit Simulator ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Reconstruction Filter ◽  
Feedback Structure ◽  
Band Pass

The signal processing at discrete time requires an aliasing filter at the input and a reconstruction filter at its output. In this paper, selected basic structures of biquads are described and compared with a view to the decrease of the attenuation over the transient frequency of the operational amplifier. Concretely, low-pass and band-pass Huelsman (i.e. multi feedback) structure are confronted with the limits of a real operational amplifier. Firstly, the reasons of the decreasing of the attenuation are explained theoretically. Secondly, these conclusions are verified by simulations. These simulations were performed by spice-like circuit simulator MicroCap version 10.

scholarly journals Combination of HP and LP filters for narrow band antialiasing filter

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
Bohumil Brtník
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Time Signal ◽  
Spice Simulation ◽  
Output Resistance ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Filter Structure ◽  
Reconstruction Filter

Abstract The discrete time signal processing requires an anti-aliasing filter at the input and a reconstruction filter at output. Some filters of biquads structure are characterized by a decreasing of the attenuation at high frequencies, caused by the final value of the output resistance of the operational amplifier. In this paper we discuss a design of combined BP filter without mentioned decrease. The proposed filter structure was verified by SPICE simulation.

Continuously time‐variable recursive digital band‐pass filters for seismic signal processing

Geophysics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 702-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Stein ◽  
N. R. Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Seismic Signal ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Band Pass Filter ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Time Direction ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Seismic Signal Processing

A design technique is described for continuously time‐variable recursive digital band‐pass filters for seismic signal processing. Two types of band‐pass filters are considered: a cascade of a low‐pass and a high‐pass filter, and a direct band‐pass filter, with all filters being derived from a continuous unit‐bandwidth Butterworth low‐pass prototype. Linear interpolation of the filter coefficients between points at which they are known exactly is used to reduce the computational overhead. Data are given for determining the length of the interpolation interval to meet prescribed worst case magnitude and frequency error criteria. A zero‐phase response is achieved by filtering in the forward time direction followed by filtering in the reverse time direction. An example is included.

Fractional Band-Pass Filters: Design, Implementation and Application to EEG Signal Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1750170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Baranowski ◽  
Paweł Piątek
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Large Signal ◽  
Filter Tuning ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Low Pass Filters ◽  
Eeg Signal Processing

Fractional band-pass filters are a promising area in the signal processing. They are especially attractive as a method for processing of biomedical signals, such as EEG, where large signal distortion is undesired. We present two structures of fractional band-pass filters: one as an analog of classical second-order filter, and one arising from parallel connection of two fractional low-pass filters. We discuss a method for filter implementation — Laguerre Impulse Response Approximation (LIRA) — along with sufficient conditions for when the filter can be realized with it. We then discuss methods of filter tuning, in particular we present some analytical results along with optimization algorithm for numerical tuning. Filters are implemented and tested with EEG signals. We discuss the results highlighting the possible limitations and potential for development.

Amplitude Distributions of Cochlear Microphonic Response to an Acoustic Sinusoid in Noise

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Donald C. Teas ◽  
Gretchen B. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Cochlear Microphonic ◽  
Filter Output ◽  
Electronic Filter ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Instantaneous Voltage

The distributions of instantaneous voltage amplitudes in the cochlear microphonic response recorded from a small segment along the basilar membrane are described by computing amplitude histograms. Comparisons are made between the distributions for noise and for those after the addition to the noise of successively stronger sinusoids. The amplitudes of the cochlear microphonic response to 5000 Hz low-pass noise are normally distributed in both Turn I and Turn III of the guinea pig’s cochlea. The spectral composition of the microphonic from Turn I and from Turn III resembles the output of band-pass filters set at about 4000 Hz, and about 500 Hz, respectively. The normal distribution of cochlear microphonic amplitudes for noise is systematically altered by increasing the strength of the added sinusoid. A decrease of three percent in the number of small amplitude events (±1 standard deviation) in the cochlear microphonic from Turn III is seen when the rms voltage of a 500 Hz sinusoid is at −18 dB re the rms voltage of the noise (at the earphone). When the rms of the sinusoid and noise are equal, the decrease in small voltages is about 25%, but there is also an increase in the number of large voltage amplitudes. Histograms were also computed for the output of an electronic filter with a pass-band similar to Turn III of the cochlea. Strong 500 Hz sinusoids showed a greater proportion of large amplitudes in the filter output than in CM III . The data are interpreted in terms of an anatomical substrate.

Design of Programmable Wideband Low Pass Filter with Continuous-Time/Discrete-Time Hybrid Architecture

2017 ◽  
Vol E100.C (10) ◽  
pp. 858-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei MORISHITA ◽  
Koichi MIZUNO ◽  
Junji SATO ◽  
Koji TAKINAMI ◽  
Kazuaki TAKAHASHI
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass

Realization of Enhanced LMS Filter Using Carry Skip Adder And Quantum Dot Cellular Automation In VLSI For Removing Impulse Noises In Medical Image

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Shankarkumar ◽  
Gokul Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Filtering ◽  
Adaptive Filters ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Least Mean Square ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Parallel Prefix ◽  
Loop Feedback ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prefix Adder

: Filtering is an important step in the field of image processing to suppress the required parts or to remove any artifacts present in it. There are different types of filters like low pass, high pass, Band pass, IIR, FIR and adaptive filtering etc.., in these filters adaptive filters is an important filter because it is used to remove the noisy signal and images. Least Mean Square filter is a type of an adaptive filtering which is used to remove the noises present in the medical images. The working of LMS is based on the minimization of the difference between the error images using a closed loop feedback. Therefore presented technique called as Q-CSKA. Here the CSKA performs its operation in stages which is based on the nucleus stage. In the traditional CSKA the nucleus stage is depend on the parallel prefix adder in this work it is replaced by the QCA adder. The QCA adder utilizes the less area compared to PPA and it can be realized in Nanometer range also. For multiplexers, And OR Invert, OR and Invert logic is used to reduce the area and delay. Due to these advantages of the QCA, AOI-OAI logic the proposed method outperformed the LMS implementation in area, power, and accuracy and delay, this based five type image noise of medical pictures related to the best technique is out comes. It helps to medicinal practitioner to resolve the symptoms of patient with ease.

CURRENT-MODE ACTIVE-C FILTER EMPLOYING REDUCED NUMBER OF CCCII+s

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAHRAM MINAEI ◽  
ERKAN YUCE
Keyword(s):  
Current Mode ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Passive Component ◽  
Resistorless Filter ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Component Matching ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
High Output Impedance ◽  
Quality Factor Q ◽  
High Pass

In this paper, a universal current-mode second-order active-C filter for simultaneously realizing low-pass, band-pass and high-pass responses is proposed. The presented filter employs only three plus-type second-generation current-controlled conveyors (CCCII+s). This filter needs no critical active and passive component matching conditions and no additional active and passive elements for realizing high output impedance low-pass, band-pass and high-pass characteristics. The angular resonance frequency (ω0) and quality factor (Q) of the proposed resistorless filter can be tuned electronically. To verify the theoretical analysis and to exhibit the performance of the proposed filter, it is simulated with SPICE program.

NOVEL VOLTAGE-MODE UNIVERSAL FILTER USING ONLY TWO CDBAs

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHANSHU MAHESHWARI ◽  
IQBAL A. KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Pass Band ◽  
Universal Filter ◽  
Input Selection ◽  
Voltage Mode ◽  
Single Output ◽  
Control Computer ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
High Pass

A novel voltage-mode universal filter employing only two current differencing buffered amplifiers (CDBAs) is proposed. The filter uses four inputs and single output to realize six responses, viz. low-pass, high-pass, inverting band-pass, noninverting band-pass, band-elimination, and all-pass through input selection with independent pole-Q control. Computer simulation results using SPICE are also given to verify the theory.

Measurement of Cr(VI) Based on Absorption Spectrum through Plastic Fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 948-951
Author(s):  
Wei Jun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Optic Fiber ◽  
Signal Process ◽  
Linear Fitting ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Measurement Experiment

Considering the advantage of optic fiber, a methods of measuring Cr (VI) based on absorption spectrum through plastic fiber is introduced, which includes structure of measurement, experiment process, spectrum signal process. After signal processing based on low-pass filtering and non-linear fitting, five concentrations of Cr (VI) can be differed easily and the peak values of spectrum corresponding to five concentrations accord with the Longbow Bill's law . In this way, the measurement concentration can limit down to 0. 0.0660 μg/ml.

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