Evaluation of Biological Activity and Analysis of Functional Constituents from Different Parts of Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Tree

The experiments here recorded were made between 1929 and 1932. The work was then unfortunately interrupted, and since the death of the senior author the material has been prepared for publication by M. C.-R. Experiments on different species of infusoria carried out by Dreyer (1903), using the carbon arc as a source of light and different filters, showed that, although the greatest lethal effect was always obtained in that part of the spectrum which passes through glass, the relative sensitivity of different infusoria varied considerably in different parts of the spectrum. Sonne (1927) found that the line 2800 A of the mercury spectrum exhibited the greatest lethal effect on paramaecia, while in the case of haemolysis the most effective line was 2400 A. Hausser and Vahle (1921) found the erythema-producing maximum at 2970 A. Thus, the different spectral lines appeared to show some selectivity in their biological activity, and in view of this it was of interest to investigate the effect of these lines on different species of bacteria. Also, it would be of interest to investigate the changes in sensitivity to light induced by treating the organisms with erythrosin. As it was possible that the differences in some cases might be very slight, it was essential to use a technique which would reduce the experimental error as much as possible.

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Immunochemical studies on human calcitonin M leading to information on the shape of the molecule

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1270199 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 127 (1) ◽

pp. 199-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

P. G. H. Byfield ◽

M. B. Clark ◽

K. Turner ◽

G. V. Foster ◽

I. MacIntyre

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Peptide Bond ◽

Peptide Chain ◽

Human Calcitonin ◽

Covalent Interaction ◽

Different Parts

1. Two antisera were obtained from a single rabbit. Both are highly specific for human calcitonin M but react with different parts of the amino acid sequence. 2. The different sequences that react with the antibodies of the two antisera were located. The first antiserum reacts at two sites in the molecule, one in the sequence residues 11–18, probably with residue 17 as the immunodominant group, and another on either side of the 28–29 peptide bond. The second antiserum, harvested 9 months later, reacts principally at one site bridging the 28–29 peptide bond. 3. A consideration of the properties of the hormone's binding sites and of data relating biological activity to structure enables some conclusions to be drawn with regard to the shape of the molecule. It appears that the peptide chain is folded to bring N- and C-termini closer together and that there is non-covalent interaction between regions in the chain near both termini. One of these is located near residue 8.

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Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and in-vitro biological activity of Rheum ribes L. different parts

Istanbul Journal of Pharmacy ◽

10.26650/istanbuljpharm.2019.18012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Turgut Taskin ◽

◽

Gizem Bulut ◽

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Different Parts

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Investigation of Chemical Profiles of Different Parts of Morus alba Using a Combination of Molecular Networking Methods with Mass Spectral Data from Two Ionization Modes of LC/MS

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10081711 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1711

Author(s):

Seong Yeon Choi ◽

Jinyoung Park ◽

Juyeol Kim ◽

Jiho Lee ◽

Heejung Yang

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Spectral Data ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Single Plant ◽

Mass Spectral Data ◽

Molecular Networking ◽

Mass Spectral ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Different Parts

Plants produce numerous secondary metabolites with diverse physicochemical properties. Because different parts of a single plant produce various components, several spectroscopic methods are necessary to inspect their chemical profiles. Mass spectral data are recognized as one of the most useful tools for analyzing components with a wide range of polarities. However, interpreting mass spectral data generated from positive and negative ionization modes is a challenging task because of the diverse chemical profiles of secondary metabolites. Herein, we combine and analyze mass spectral data generated in two ionization modes to detect as many metabolites as possible using the molecular networking approach. We selected different parts of a single plant, Morus alba (Moraceae), which are used in the functional food and medicinal herb industries. The mass spectral data generated from two ionization modes were combined and analyzed using various molecular networking workflows. We confirmed that our approach could be applied to simultaneously analyze the different types of secondary metabolites with different physicochemical properties.

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Plant Specialized Metabolites in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) Kernel and Byproducts: An Update on Chemistry, Biological Activity, and Analytical Aspects

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-0947-5725 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (11/12) ◽

pp. 840-855 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alfredo Bottone ◽

Antonietta Cerulli ◽

Gilda DʼUrso ◽

Milena Masullo ◽

Paola Montoro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Corylus Avellana ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Specialized Metabolites ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Hard Shell ◽

Tree Leaf ◽

Different Parts

Abstract Corylus avellana (hazelnut) is one of the most popular tree nuts on a worldwide basis. The main products of C. avellana are kernels, a nutritious food, with a high content of healthy lipids, contained in a hard shell. In recent years, along with the ongoing research carried out on hazelnut kernels, a growing interest has been addressed to the hazelnut byproducts including hazelnut skin, hazelnut hard shell, and hazelnut green leafy cover as well as hazelnut tree leaf. These byproducts deriving from the roasting, cracking, shelling/hulling, and harvesting processes have been found as a source of “phytochemicals” with biological activity. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and critical update on the chemistry and biological activity of specialized metabolites occurring in hazelnut kernels and byproducts. Phenolics are the most abundant phytochemicals not only in the kernels, but also in other processing byproducts. Attention has been also devoted to taxane derivatives isolated from C. avellana leaves. An overview on the biological activity, mainly antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial along with less common biological effects, has been provided, contributing to highlight C. avellana as a source of bioactive phytochemicals with the potential to exert beneficial effects on human health. Finally, analytical techniques for the quali-quantitative analysis of specialized metabolites occurring in the different parts of C. avellana have been reviewed.

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