scholarly journals Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury in Sudanese Children — An Experience from a Sub-Saharan African Unit

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelraheem ◽  
El-Tigani Ali ◽  
Rania Osman ◽  
Rashid Ellidir ◽  
Amna Bushara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis

BackgroundAcute Kidney Injury (AKI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Although continuous renal replacement therapy is gaining more popularity worldwide, peritoneal dialysis (PD) in children remains an appropriate therapy for AKI in children for all age groups including neonates.MethodologyWe retrospectively reviewed all children who have been admitted with AKI at the pediatric nephrology unit, Soba University Hospital, Khartoum, during the period from January 2005 to December 2011.ResultsOver 7 years we recorded 659 children of whom 362 (54.9%) were male. The spectrum of age was variable with the majority being neonates, 178 (27.1%). The average patient admission rate was 94 patients per year, with an estimated incidence of 9.8 patients/million population/year. Common causes of AKI were sepsis 202 (30.8%), acute glomerulonephritis 75 (11.5%) and obstructive uropathy due to stones 56 (8.5%). The most common dialysis modality used was PD, 343 (52.4%), and peritonitis was reported in 53 (15.4%) patients. Recovery from AKI was achieved in 450 (68.9%) children, 37 (5.7%) went into chronic kidney disease (CKD), 33 (5.1%) referred to the pediatric surgery and 194 (29.7%) died.ConclusionIn the setting of developing countries where AKI is a common cause of morbidity and mortality, reasonably equipped renal units with adequately trained medical staff may save many lives. International funding programs for communicable diseases and charity organizations should include AKI management in their programs. Acute PD remains the treatment modality of choice for AKI in developing countries.

scholarly journals P0571EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OUTCOMES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN CHILDREN IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Fomina ◽  
Olga Lavrenchuk ◽  
Ingretta Bagdasarova
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract Background and Aims The problem of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children continues to be relevant for pediatric nephrology and pediatrics due to the increasing frequency and the lack of a unified approach to management and further monitoring of these patients. The aim of our study was to determine the etiology and outcomes of acute kidney damage in children. Method 101 patients (aged from 3 months) were studied in referral center from early period after AKI (first month) to 18 years old. They were observed every 6 months during first year of disease course, and once per year till transfer to adult clinic. The outcomes were identified as complete recovery, isolated albuminuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The AKI outcomes were analyzed up to 1.5-3, 5-10 and 15 years of follow up (stage 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Results The predominant patients were males (72/71.3%). The most of the children were younger than 3 years old at the time of AKI (58/57.4%), and only a small part of patients were adolescents (7/6.9%). The hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) related to diarrhea was the main cause of the AKI (64/63.4%), and children of the first years of life formed the basis of this clinical group (0-3 years old: 44/68.8%). Sepsis and complicated acute viral and bacterial infections have also been confirmed as common AKI causes (12/11.9% and 8/7.9%, respectively). In some cases AKI were associated with hemolytic anemia (5/5.0%), acute glomerulonephritis (5/5.0%), vaccination (1/1.0%), contrast nephrotoxicity (1/1.0%) or unknown cause (3/3.0%). At stage 1 (1.5-3 years after event, n=60) complete remission were documented in 24/40.0%, albuminuria from 45 to 601 mg/day without other clinical signs – in 22/36.7%, and CKD 2-4 – in 12/23.3%. At stage 2 (5-10 years after event, n=54) complete remission were confirmed in 29/53.7%, persisted albuminuria – in 6/14.8%, and CKD 2-4 – in 19/31.5%. At stage 3 (15 years after event, n=12) CKD 2-4 were founded in all patients with arterial hypertension (n=7), focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis (n=2) and kidney cysts (n=3). Conclusion AKI was the most often in children of the first 3 years old, mainly in boys. The development of disease was firstly associated with HUS and severe infections. The long-term outcomes of AKI with distance from the event (AKI) to CKD even with recovery renal function and absence of clinical symptoms were difficult to predict. The prolongation of the observation period, the collaboration between the pediatric and adult centers, the widest usage of verified prognostic markers (i. g. albuminuria) and search for new ones are the most important options in post-AKI management.

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1472
Author(s):  
Grażyna Kobus ◽  
Jolanta Małyszko ◽  
Hanna Bachórzewska-Gajewska
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Common Cause

Introduction: In the elderly, impairment of kidney function occurs. Renal diseases overlap with anatomic and functional changes related to age-related involutionary processes. Mortality among patients with acute renal injury is approximately 50%, despite advances in treatment and diagnosis of AKI. The aim: To assess the incidence of acute kidney injury in elderly patients and to analyze the causes of acute renal failure depending on age. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis included medical documentation of patients hospitalized in the Nephrology Clinic during the 6-month period. During this period 452 patients were hospitalized in the clinic. A group of 77 patients with acute renal failure as a reason for hospitalization was included in the study. Results: The prerenal form was the most common cause of AKI in both age groups. In both age groups, the most common cause was dehydration; in the group of patients up to 65 years of age, dehydration was 29.17%; in the group of people over 65 years - 43.39%. Renal replacement therapy in patients with AKI was used in 14.29% of patients. In the group of patients up to 65 years of age hemodialysis was 16.67% and above 65 years of age. -13.21% of patients. The average creatinine level in the group of younger patients at admission was 5.16 ± 3.71 mg / dl, in the group of older patients 3.14 ± 1.63 mg / dl. The size of glomerular filtration GFR in the group of younger patients at admission was 21.14 ± 19.54 ml / min, in the group of older patients 23.34 ± 13.33 ml / min. Conclusions: The main cause of acute kidney injury regardless of the age group was dehydration. Due to the high percentage of AKI in the elderly, this group requires more preventive action, not only in the hospital but also at home.

MO302ACUTE POST-INFECTIOUS GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN ADULTS: A TUNISIAN SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen El Meknassi ◽  
Mrabet Sanda ◽  
Guedri Yosra ◽  
Zellema Dorsaf ◽  
Azzabi Awatef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Nephritic Syndrome ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Post Infectious

Abstract Background and Aims Acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN) is a reactive immunological disease. Its prevalence in industrialized countries is declining contrasting with developed ones. It is uncommon in adults but the prognosis may be reserved. The aim of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and histological features of APIGN as well as its prognosis. Method A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in our department. Were included all cases of histologically proven APIGN between December 2006 and December 2017. Results We had collected 38 cases. The mean age was 37.7 ± 17.8 years. The sex ratio was 1.92. Twelve (31.6%) patients were diabetic and four of them had already a chronic kidney disease (CKD). APIGN was preceded by an infection in 27 cases with an average interval of 10 ± 5 days. The most common site of infection was the respiratory tract (15 cases). At presentation, 27 patients had nephritic syndrome and 13 had nephrotic-range proteinuria. Hematuria was observed in 97.4%, peripheral edema in 84.2% and hypertension in 73.7% of cases. Most patients (78.9%) had acute kidney injury and 10 (26.3%) patients required dialysis. Renal biopsy had shown benign acute glomerulonephritis in 31 cases and malignant form in 7 cases. An underlying nephropathy was found in 12 cases with mostly a diabetic nephropathy. Corticosteroids were used in 3 cases of benign APIGN and 5 cases of malignant form. During the follow-up, CKD was noted in 14(36.8%) patients including 7(18.4%) patients who progressed to end-stage renal disease. Poor prognostic factors were diabetes, the presence of an underlying nephropathy in the biopsy, acute kidney injury and the need for dialysis. Conclusion The APIGN is uncommon in adults, yet its prognosis may be reserved with progression to CKD.

Acute Pituitary Apoplexy following Snake Bite: A Rare but Treatable Complication

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 397-399
Author(s):  
Narendrakumar Barad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Russell’S Viper ◽  
Public Health Hazards

AbstractPoisonous snake bite is one of the important public health hazards in developing countries, such as India, where majority of the population resides in rural areas. Among various poisonous species of snakes, Russell's viper venom causes neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, hemolysis, and coagulopathies leading to shock and acute kidney injury. Pituitary apoplexy causing acute hypopituitarism is an extremely rare but treatable complication following viper bite. Here in, we report the case of a 14-year-old boy admitted with Russell's viper bite complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), acute kidney injury, and pituitary apoplexy with secondary acute hypopituitarism.

Utilization of Renal Ultrasound for Predicting Obstructive Uropathy in ICU Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

CHEST Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 223A ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Amin ◽  
Reejis Stephen ◽  
David Morris ◽  
David Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Ultrasound ◽  
Icu Patients

scholarly journals Outcome of acute kidney injuries following chronic kidney disease: A systematic review in Nawaz Sharif kidney hospital Swat

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Rahmat Ali Khan ◽  
Syed Munib ◽  
Mohammad Shahzad ◽  
Mufti Baleegh ◽  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Acute Mi

  Background: Acute kidney injury may increase the risk for CKD and end-stage renal disease. In an attempt to summarize the literature and provide more compelling evidence, we conducted a systematic review comparing the  risk for CKD (chronic kidney disease), AKI (Acute kidney injury), Acute gastroententeritis, postnatal   AKI, Acute MI (myocardial infarction), AKI  2ndry to chemotherapy, AKI  2ndry to abstractive Nephropathy, AKI 2ndry to sepsis, AKI 2ndry to Drugs (NSAIDS and ARBS), AKI 2ndry to AGN (acute Glomerulonephritis), AKI 2ndry to Rhabdomyolysis, and lest AKI 2ndry to Malaria, death in patients with AKI,HD, CKD (chronic kidney disease). There have been several important developments in the literature recently regarding the association between acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). First, when the National Kidney Foundation promulgated their highly influential Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative CKD guidelines in 2002, six chapters were devoted to the complications associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) including hypertension, anemia, nutritional status, bone disease/disorders of calcium, and phosphorus metabolism, neuropathy Objective: To study the outcomecute kidney injury following chronic kidney disease; systematic review.  Methods: This was a prospective observational study from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients visiting department of Nephrology Nawaz Sharif Kidney center Swat, number of patients included study 351. All ages and both sexes were considered. Patients treated elsewhere or who has undergone in this study. Complete medical history, detailed examination like age, sex, diagnosis, and outcome, of AKI, examination under microscope and investigations, and necessary blood investigations were carried out. Results: Three fifty one (351) patients were included in this study. The age distribution showed (75%) patients between 40-95 years and 25(25%) between 32-39 years. Mean age was 43 years with Standard Deviation of ± 35.66. Among 351 patients 162 (45%) patients were male and 189 (55%) patients were female. Duration of symptoms in 24(17%) was <4 months and 112(75%) had >4 months, with mean of 4 months and SD ± 2.315. Total 351 participants AKI 45(12%) postnatal AKI 33(9%) Acute MI 18(6%) AKI 2ndry chemotherapy 15(5.72%) AKI 2ndry to abstractive Nephropathy 55 (14%) AKI 2ndry to sepsis 63 (17%) AKI 2ndry to Drugs (NSAIDS and ARBS)   54 (14%) CKD (chronic kidney disease) 48 (15%) AKI 2ndry to Rhabdomylysis 18(6%) Conclusions: The study concludes that the acute kidney injury following CKD systematic reviewing among patients presenting with AKI,CHD ,AKI sepsis, ,AKI Drugs(NSIAD)  in local hospital  settings This can be reduced with proper health education in general public regarding prevention of the disease and hence its complications.  

The influence of modified molecular (D/L-serine) chirality on the theragnostic of PAMAM-based nanomedicine for acute kidney injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Kong ◽  
Di Fan ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Shaohua Wei
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Simple Method

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical disease with extremely high morbidity and mortality. It is challenging to find a simple method for early detection of AKI and monitoring...

Endocrine Summary

2014 ◽  
pp. 549-566
Author(s):  
Graham T. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Definition Of

Acute renal failure, now referred to as acute kidney injury (AKI), complicates 5–10% of general hospital admissions and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and prolonged hospitalizations. The definition of AKI varies, but it is usually defined as an increase in serum creatinine concentration of 25–50% above the baseline, a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 25–50%, or the need for renal replacement therapy. It is now recognized that changes in GFR are delayed manifestations of renal injury, and the development of urinary biomarkers may help to identify AKI earlier in the course of injury. The major causes of AKI in hospitalized patients include prerenal causes (~40%), postrenal causes (~5–10%), and intrinsic diseases affecting blood vessels, glomeruli, or tubules. Of the intrinsic causes, tubular disorders (acute tubular necrosis and acute interstitial nephritis) are the most common etiologies, accounting for 40–50% of all causes of AKI. Acute glomerulonephritis and vascular disorders are rare etiologies of AKI in hospitalized patients (〈5%).

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