SISTEM BIKAMERAL DI INDONESIA SEBAGAI FUNGSI LEGISLASI DEWAN PERWAKILAN DAERAH DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH

The Legislative Function of the Regional Representative Council The bicameral structure, especially in Indonesia, is viewed from a maslahah perspective. This study aims to analyze: (1) What is the legislative function of the Regional Representative Council in the bicameral system in Indonesia after the enactment of Law No.17 of 2014 concerning MD3, (2) What is the legislative function of the Regional Representative Council when viewed from the Maslahah perspective. This research is a type of normative legal research using two approaches, namely legislation and history. The statutory approach aims to examine in depth the various regulations governing the legislative duties and functions of the DPD, while the historical approach is used to understand the parliamentary system in Indonesia. After the data has been collected, the data is analyzed using descriptive analysis method which aims to describe the object under study in order to get a comprehensive picture. Furthermore, the data is analyzed based on maslahah theory using deductive methods because it analyzes through reasoning from a general form to achieve a special form. The results showed that: the legislative authority of the DPD which was originally expanded by the Constitutional Court in its decision No. 92 / PUU-X / 2012 apparently were not accommodated in the formulation of Law No.17 of 2014, this is evident in the MD3 Law that still contains several articles that again narrow down the constitutional authority of the DPD. If viewed from the maslahah perspective, the legislative functions of the DPD and Ahlul halli wal 'aqd in the Islamic constitutional system are very different. Although both have the same authority, namely in the field of legislation, the authority of Ahlul halliwal 'aqd is clearer and not as clear as the DPD legislation, besides that the DPD has not been placed equal to the DPR and the President in exercising its authority as a legislative institution especially after the enactment of Law No. .17 of 2014.

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STATUS HUKUM KONTRAKTOR PRIVATE MILITARY AND PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES DALAM HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL

Yustisia Jurnal Hukum ◽

10.20961/yustisia.v5i1.8726 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sefriani

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

Legal Status ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Private Security ◽

Comparative Approach ◽

Legal Research ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Post Cold War ◽

Historical Approach ◽

Private Security Companies

AbstractPost- cold war the number ofmilitary privatization has been raising with many role in .This raises legal problemrelated to the legal status of PMSCs contractors. The method used is a normative legal research with statute approach, the historical approach, conceptual approach, as well as the comparative approach. Results of the study are presented in the form of descriptive analysis. The study concluded that generally the contractors are civilian unless and during they aredirectlyparticipatein thehostilities.Key world: PMSCs contractor; legal status; direct participationAbstrakPasca perang dingin terjadi peningkatan privatisasi militer dengan banyaknya penggunaan kontraktor Private Military and Securites Companies PMSCs untuk berbagai peran di wilayah-wilayah konflik. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah hukum terkait status hukum kontraktor tersebut mengingat belum jelasnya aturan yang ada.Metode penelitianyang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan statute approach, historical, conceptual dan comparative approach yang disajikan secara deskriptif analitis. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah bahwa secara umum dikatakan kontraktor PMSc adalah civilian yang berhak atas perlindungan dari penyerangan langsung kecuali dan selama mereka ambil bagian langsung dalam permusuhan..Kata kunci: kontraktor PMSCs, status hukum, partisipasi langsung

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STATUS HUKUM KONTRAKTOR PRIVATE MILITARY AND PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES DALAM HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL

Yustisia Jurnal Hukum ◽

10.20961/yustisia.v0i94.2794 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Sefriani ,

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

Legal Status ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Private Security ◽

Comparative Approach ◽

Legal Research ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Post Cold War ◽

Historical Approach ◽

Private Security Companies

Abstract Post- cold war the number ofmilitary privatization has been raising with many role in .This raises legal problemrelated to the legal status of PMSCs contractors. The method used is a normative legal research with statute approach, the historical approach, conceptual approach, as well as the comparative approach. Results of the study are presented in the form of descriptive analysis. The study concluded that generally the contractors are civilian unless and during they aredirectlyparticipatein thehostilities. Key world: PMSCs contractor; legal status; direct participationAbstrak Pasca perang dingin terjadi peningkatan privatisasi militer dengan banyaknya penggunaan kontraktor Private Military and Securites Companies PMSCs untuk berbagai peran di wilayah-wilayah konflik. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah hukum terkait status hukum kontraktor tersebut mengingat belum jelasnya aturan yang ada.Metode penelitianyang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan statute approach, historical, conceptual dan comparative approach yang disajikan secara deskriptif analitis. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah bahwa secara umum dikatakan kontraktor PMSc adalah civilian yang berhak atas perlindungan dari penyerangan langsung kecuali dan selama mereka ambil bagian langsung dalam permusuhan.. Kata kunci: kontraktor PMSCs, status hukum, partisipasi langsung

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Constitutional Court as Constitutional Complaint Institution: Evidence from Serbia

The Law and Development Review ◽

10.1515/ldr-2020-0013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Konstantin Polovchenko

Keyword(s):

System Analysis ◽

Qualitative Change ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Judicial Control ◽

Noticeable Increase ◽

The Status ◽

Control Authority ◽

The Republic ◽

Constitutional System

AbstractA noticeable increase in the scope of powers of the constitutional supervisory body of Serbia is directly related with a qualitative change in the status of the Constitutional Court. The purpose of the article is to analyse the competences of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Serbia in protecting rights and freedoms as the most important area of its activity. The article presents a study of the increased powers of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Serbia, the purpose of which is to protect rights and freedoms. The leading method in this study is the system analysis method, which allows us to assess the significance of the constitutional complaints institution in Serbia. Studying the current regulation of the competence of the Constitutional Court of Serbia, the author concludes that the significantly expanded competence of the Constitutional Court of Serbia fully reflects its status as a constitutional body representing the fourth judicial control authority in the state. It also ensures the supremacy of the Constitution and protects the foundations of the constitutional system of Serbia, including protection of rights and freedoms in the Republic of Serbia.

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KEWENANGAN PEMBUBARAN PARTAI POLITIK OLEH MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA (HAM)

Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) ◽

10.24843/jmhu.2014.v03.i03.p03 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Putu Eva Ditayani

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Political Parties ◽

Political Party ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

The State ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Freedom Of Association ◽

Legal Research ◽

Human Right ◽

Human Rights Act

This research examines the dissolution of political party by Constitutional Court, that becomes its authorities based on Article 24C UUDNRI 1945, from human right perspective. Indonesia as the state that implemented law of state of law acknowledge human rights as stated in the Constitution. Neverttheless, freedom of association as one of the principle of human rights as regulated in the Constitution, which used as the base of formation of a political party, can be ruled out and has limited implementation in which norms conflict arises. Limitation of freedom association is reflected in the sanction imposed by the Constitutional Court regarding dissolution of political party. The dissolution of political party by the Constitutional Court refers to certain regulation as Act No. 39 of 1999 that regulating Human Rights, Act No. 24 of 2003 that regulating The Constitutional Court, Act No. 2 of 2008 regulating Political Party, and The Constitutional Court Regulation governing the dissolution of a political party procedures by the Constutional Court. This research is a normative legal research that investigates the dissolution of a political party by the Constitutional Court that contrasts with formation of a political party as a representation of freedom of association, one of the human rights principle, without assessment on implementations or practices regarding those norms. According to descriptive analysis based on legal material regarding this issue, the limitation of freedom to associate can be performed based on Article 4 ICCPR 1966 because it can be considered as a right that its fulfillment can be limited by law. That dissolution by the Constitutional Court is not considered as violation of freedom to associate since the sanction only be imposed to violation of regulations by political parties. The purpose of limitation is only to protect the integrity of Republic of Indonesia and the discipline of the community, nation, and state members.

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Kepastian Hukum Eksekusi dan Pembatalan Putusan Arbitrase Syariah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012

Jurnal Konstitusi ◽

10.31078/jk1649 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 861

Author(s):

Ainun Najib

Keyword(s):

Constitutional Court ◽

Legal Certainty ◽

Legal Research ◽

Historical Approach ◽

Legal Norms ◽

Positive Law ◽

The Supreme Court ◽

Islamic Economic ◽

Religious Courts

Perkembangan pertumbuhan sistem ekonomi syariah, menuntut terhadap adanya penyesuaian-penyesuaian aturan hukum yang diberlakukan, khususnya terkait dengan penyelesaian sengketa yang terjadi. Baik secara litigasi maupun secara non litigasi. Termasuk bagian upaya penyelesaian ekonomi syariah, adalah melalui badan arbitrase syariah. Namun dalam perspektif yuridis, aturan mengenai kewenangan memberikan putusan eksekusi dan pembatalan terhadap putusan arbitrase syariah masih terjadi dualisme antara Peradilan Umum dan Peradilan Agama. Hal ini mencerminkan adanya ketidakpastian hukum dalam masalah tersebut. Melalui penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian hukum doktrinal ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jawaban-jawaban yang benar dengan melakukan pembuktian kebenaran yang dicari dari preskripsi-preskipsi hukum yang tertulis dalam kitab Undang-Undang serta sumber hukum lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan historis (historical approach). Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengkaji penerapan kaidah-kaidah atau norma norma dalam hukum positif tentang kepastian hukum pelaksanaan eksekusi dan pembatalan putusan arbitrase syariah, khususnya pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012. Pertentangan norma hukum tentang kewenangan pelaksanaan eksekusi dan pembatalan putusan arbitrase tersebut, meskipun secara yuridis terdapat pertentangan, namun Mahkamah Agung telah melakukan langkah politik hukum untuk menyelesaikan dualisme kewenangan tersebut yang dapat menyelesaikan dalam jangka waktu pendek. Namun untuk penyelesaian jangka panjang, perlu adanya pembenahan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada, guna menjamin kepastian hukum bagi para pencari keadilan.The development of the growth Islamic economic system requires the adjustments to the rule of law applied, particularly related to the settlements of disputes that occur, both litigation and non-litigation. One of the parts of efforts to solve sharia economics is through Islamic arbitration bodies. But in a juridical perspective, the rules regarding the authority to give execution decisions and cancellation of sharia arbitration decisions still occur between the General Justice and the Religious Courts. This reflects the legal uncertainty for the case. Through normative legal research or doctrinal legal research, this study aims to find the correct answers by carrying out the verification of the truth sought from the legal prescriptions written in the law and other legal sources. By using statute approach and historical approach, this research is focused on examining the application of norms in positive law regarding legal certainty in the execution and cancellation of sharia arbitration decisions, especially after the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 93/PUU-X/2012. Contradicting legal norms regarding the authority to carry out the execution and cancellation of the arbitration decision, even though there is a juridical conflict, the Supreme Court has taken legal political steps to resolve the dualism of authority which can be resolved in the short term. Yet for long-term solutions, it is necessary to reform existing laws and regulations to ensure legal certainty for justice seekers.

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The Regulation of Continuous Election Design’s Implementation Based on the Constitutional Court’s Decision

Constitutionale ◽

10.25041/constitutionale.v2i2.2295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 79-88

Author(s):

Aufa Naufal Rishanda

Keyword(s):

General Election ◽

Court Decision ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Court Decisions ◽

Legal Research ◽

Original Intent ◽

Historical Approach ◽

Election Administration ◽

The Republic ◽

Simultaneous Implementation

This study aims to describe the consistency of judges' considerations in the Constitutional Court Decision No. 14/PUU-XI/2013 and the Constitutional Court Decision No. 55/PUU-XVII/2019 and its suitability with the design of the election administration according to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. To measure the consistency of the two Constitutional Court Decisions, the meaning of the original intent of holding elections simultaneously according to the Amendment of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia will be used. This is normative legal research, which uses approach legislation (statute approach) and historical approach (historical approach). The results of this study indicate that the judge's considerations in the Constitutional Court Decision 14/PUU-XI/2013 are inconsistent with the Constitutional Court Decision 55/PUU-XVII/2019. Based on the original intent study, the Amendrs to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia disagreed on the simultaneous implementation of the General Election in Indonesia. So the judge's consideration in the Constitutional Court's decision Number 14/PUU-XI/2013, which requires simultaneous elections, is not following the design of the election administration according to the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Six alternatives for the simultaneous implementation of elections.

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Kedudukan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Perlindungan Hak Konstitusional Penghayat Kepercayaan

Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) ◽

10.24843/jmhu.2021.v10.i03.p06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 495

Author(s):

I Dewa Gede Palguna

Keyword(s):

Class Action ◽

Court Decision ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Constitutional Rights ◽

Constitutional Interpretation ◽

Legal Research ◽

Legal Remedies ◽

The Status ◽

Formal Complaint ◽

Constitutional System

This study is a normative legal research which aims at discovering answers of two fundamental questions, namely, first, how is the status of the decisions of the Indonesia’s Constitutional Court according to the country’s constitutional system; secondly, what legal remedies may be pursued by the Indonesian citizens who are followers of indigenous beliefs whose constitutional rights to embrace such beliefs remain infringed despite there has been the decision of the Indonesia’s Constitutional Court Number 97/PUU-XIV/2016 which confirms the constitutional guarantee of such beliefs. With respect to the first issue, the study found that the status of the Court’s decision was equal to Law because it was the product of a negative legislator. In addition, because the Court was also the interpreter of the Constitution (UUD 1945), then its decision was the Court’s constitutional interpretation concerning the issue at hand. As to the second issue, the study found that the followers of indigenous beliefs could file several legal remedies, namely citizen suit; class action; individual law suit; and submitting a formal complaint to the president, as the highest chief administrative officer, asking the president to reprimand its subordinates and to instruct them to observe the Court decision. Kajian ini adalah sebuah penelitian hukum normatif yang bermaksud menemukan jawaban atas dua pertanyaan mendasar yaitu, pertama, bagaimana kedudukan dari putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi menurut sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia; kedua, jalan hukum apa yang dapat ditempuh oleh warga negara Indonesia penghayat kepercayaan yang hak konstitusionalnya untuk menganut keyakinan tersebut tetap dirugikan meskipun telah ada Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 yang menegaskan jaminan konstitusi terhadap hak tersebut. Terhadap isu pertama, kajian ini menemukan jawaban bahwa kedudukan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi adalah setara dengan undang-undang karena merupakan produk dari negative legislator. Sebagai tambahan, oleh karena Mahkamah Konstitusi juga merupakan penafsir Konstitusi (UUD 1945), maka putusannya adalah penafsiran konstitusional Mahkamah terhadap masalah yang sedang ditanganinya. Terhadap isu kedua, kajian ini menemukan jawaban bahwa penghayat kepercayaan dapat mengajukan beberapa upaya hukum, yaitu gugatan warga negara, gugatan kelompok, gugatan individual, dan membuat pengaduan resmi kepada presiden, selaku kepala pemerintahan tertinggi, dan meminta agar presiden memperingatkan bawahannya serta memerintahkan mereka untuk mematuhi putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi.

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Legal Protection Effort towards Mark Owner from the Share-in Jar Cosmetic Trade

SIGn Jurnal Hukum ◽

10.37276/sjh.v3i1.113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 26-39

Author(s):

Sheril Firdausy ◽

Anajeng Esri Edhi Mahanani

Keyword(s):

Dispute Resolution ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Analysis Method ◽

License Agreement ◽

Literature Study ◽

Legal Research ◽

The Government ◽

Legal Consequences ◽

Laws And Regulations

This study aims to analyze and understand the legal protection towards the mark owner from the share-in jar cosmetic trade and the legal consequences for business actors who do share-in jar cosmetic trade. The type of legal research used in this study is a normative juridical legal research method. The data collection in this study was conducted through a literature study from the laws and regulations, journals, research results, and books. The data analysis used in this research is the descriptive analysis method. The results of the study show that the legal protection towards the mark owner from the share-in jar cosmetic trade can be carried out through preventive and repressive legal protection efforts. Legal protection efforts are preventively carried out by registering the mark to get legal protection as a legal mark owner. Repressive legal protection efforts for trademarks can be done by litigation dispute resolution and non-litigation dispute resolution. The legal consequences for business actors who do share-in jar cosmetic trade are compensate for damages and/or ceasing all acts related to mark use. Therefore, it is recommended to the mark owner to provide cosmetics with trial or sample sizes. In this case, so that consumers try first about their compatibility with these cosmetics. On the other hand, business actors doing share-in cosmetic jar trade must make a license agreement with the mark owner. Furthermore, the government needs to include criteria for violations of right on mark in laws and regulations. This is purpose to increase legal protection towards the mark owner from the share-in jar cosmetic trade in the future.

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KEMANDIRIAN PENGADILAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN DI INDONESIA

Yustisia Jurnal Hukum ◽

10.20961/yustisia.v1i3.10078 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

M. Agus Santoso

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Research Methods ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

State System ◽

Court Decision ◽

Legal Research ◽

Judicial Process ◽

Corruption Case ◽

Constitutional System

AbstractPurpose of this study is to find out the independence of the judiciary of corruption in the state system in Indonesia. The method used is a normative legal research methods (legal research), with the approach of the statute .Data sourced from legislation, library materials, and interviews. Qualitative data was analyzed in such a way and set out in writing a descriptive analysis. The results of this study illustrate that the independence of the corruption judiciary is determined from the independence of its institutions, the courts, and the judges. The intervention against corruption court decision is not aimed at her agency or the judicial process, but addressed to the judge overseeing the corruption case, in the form of feedback, criticism and even censure which was published in a newspaper that has led to contempt of court.Key words: Independence of corruption court, and constitutional system.AbstrakTujuan Penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui kemandirian pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi dalam sistem ketatanegaraan di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian hukum normatif (legal research), dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute approach) .. Data yang bersumber dari perundang-undangan, bahan pustaka, dan hasil wawancara. Data kualitatif kemudian dianalisis sedemikian rupa dan dituangkan dalam bentuk tulisan secara diskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini memberi gambaran bahwa bentuk kemandirian pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi ditentukan dari kemandirian lembaganya, proses peradilannya, dan hakimnya. Adanya intervensi terhadap putusan pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi bukan ditujukan terhadap lembaganya atau proses peradilannya, tetapi ditujukan kepada hakim yang menangani perkara korupsi, berupa tanggapan, kritik dan bahkan celaan yang dimuat dalam berita surat kabar yang sudah mengarah pada contempt of court.Kata kunci: Kemandirian Pengadilan Tipikor, dan sistem ketatanegaraan.

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The Constitutional and Legal Organization of the Supreme Constitutional Court in the Iraqi State for the Year 2005

Journal of Raparin University ◽

10.26750/vol(8).no(4).paper30 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 691-710

Author(s):

Ahmed Ramadhan Mohammed ◽

Ranyar Qadir Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Separation Of Powers ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Federal System ◽

Constitutional History ◽

Parliamentary System ◽

Federal Constitution ◽

Central Regions ◽

Constitutional System ◽

New Phase ◽

Federal Supreme

The constitutional system in Iraq after the overthrow of the previous regime in 2003 witnessed major fundamental changes, which marked the end of a historical era, the advent of the beginning of a new phase of political and constitutional history, and the adoption of the federal (federal) system as a form of the new Iraqi state, where Iraq transformed from a simple state to a complex state. With the adoption of the democratic parliamentary system based on the principle of separation of powers and respect for the constitution by emphasizing the principle of the supremacy of the constitution as a system for the work of state authorities and the management of its various constitutional institutions. If the constitutional distribution of competencies between the federal authorities is one of the essential characteristics of the federal systems, then one of the important features in the design of any federalism and its effective operation is to ensure the rule of law and the constitution as the source of powers, and in contrast, one of the authorities infringes on the powers of the other, which leads to a constitutional imbalance in the federalism And the matter that leads to its disintegration and its end, and in order to preserve this constitutional system, it is necessary to establish a supreme judicial body to ensure respect for the application of the constitutional principles of this system and not to be violated. The federal system is characterized by the presence of a Supreme Constitutional Court that works to monitor the constitutionality of laws and chapters In disputes between the central regions, it has the authority to interpret the Iraqi federal constitution, especially the interpretation of the constitutional rules related to the distribution of constitutional powers between the regions and the federal government. Which is one of the thorny issues in the countries of the union, and on this basis in Iraq the foregoing was the establishment of the Federal Supreme Court, which was granted by the constitution judicial and political competencies in order to exercise its role in preserving the union and the balance of powers within it while preserving the constitution and safeguarding its principles.

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