scholarly journals Register impacts perceptual consonance through roughness and sharpness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas Eerola ◽  
Imre Lahdelma
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Limited Frequency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Consonance And Dissonance

AbstractThe perception of consonance and dissonance in intervals and chords is influenced by psychoacoustic and cultural factors. Past research has provided conflicting observations about the role of frequency in assessing musical consonance that may stem from comparisons of limited frequency bands without much theorizing or modeling. Here we examine the effect of register on perceptual consonance of chords. Based on two acoustic principles, we predict a decrease in consonance at low frequencies (roughness) and a decrease of consonance at high frequencies (sharpness). Due to these two separate principles, we hypothesize that frequency will have a curvilinear impact on consonance. A selection of tetrads varying in consonance were presented in seven registers spanning 30 to 2600 Hz. Fifty-five participants rated the stimuli in an online experiment. The effect of register on consonance ratings was clear and largely according to the predictions; The low registers impacted consonance negatively and the highest two registers also received significantly lower consonance ratings than the middle registers. The impact of register on consonance could be accurately described with a cubic relationship. Overall, the influence of roughness was more pronounced on consonance ratings than sharpness. Together, these findings clarify previous empirical efforts to model the effect of frequency on consonance through basic acoustic principles. They further suggest that a credible account of consonance and dissonance in music needs to incorporate register.

scholarly journals The impact on selection of non-alcoholic vs alcoholic drink availability: an online experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. M. Blackwell ◽  
Katie De-loyde ◽  
Gareth J. Hollands ◽  
Richard W. Morris ◽  
Laura A. Brocklebank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Experiment ◽  
Alcoholic Drink ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Quantitative Selection of Variation Reduction Plans

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Variation Reduction ◽  
Multiple Quality Characteristics ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Manufacturing Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Manufacturing Variation ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Quality has been a rallying call in the design and manufacturing world for the last two decades. One way to improve quality is to reduce the impact of manufacturing variation. Variation risk mitigation is challenging especially when a product has multiple quality characteristics and complex production and assembly. It is common wisdom that companies should identify and mitigate the risk associated with variation throughout the design process. As yield problems are identified, they should be mitigated using the most cost effective approach. One approach to variation risk mitigation is variation reduction (VR). VR targets reduction of variation introduced by existing manufacturing processes using tools such as Design of Experiments (DOE) and robust design. Many companies have specialized groups that specialize in these methods. VR teams have the role of improving manufacturing performance; however, these teams are limited in their resources. In addition, no tools exist to quantitatively determine where a VR team’s efforts are most effectively deployed. This paper provides a mathematical and optimization model to best allocate VR resources in a complex product.

Frequency-Weighted Variable-Length Controllers Using Anytime Control Strategies

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gundula B. Runge ◽  
Al Ferri ◽  
Bonnie Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Weighting Function ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
Weighted Variable ◽  
Selection Of

This paper considers an anytime strategy to implement controllers that react to changing computational resources. The anytime controllers developed in this paper are suitable for cases when the time scale of switching is in the order of the task execution time, that is, on the time scale found commonly with sporadically missed deadlines. This paper extends the prior work by developing frequency-weighted anytime controllers. The selection of the weighting function is driven by the expectation of the situations that would require anytime operation. For example, if the anytime operation is due to occasional and isolated missed deadlines, then the weighting on high frequencies should be larger than that for low frequencies. Low frequency components will have a smaller change over one sample time, so failing to update these components for one sample period will have less effect than with the high frequency components. An example will be included that applies the anytime control strategy to a model of a DC motor with deadzone and saturation nonlinearities.

Not Only Individualism: The Effects of Long-Term Orientation and Other Cultural Variables on National Innovation Success

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bukowski ◽  
Seweryn Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Support ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Cultural Predictors ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Single Pattern ◽  
The Impact

This article re-examines the effects of culture on national innovation rates. Pointing to the innovation success of some East Asian countries, it argues that the cultural dimension of individualism is not able to fully account for the role of culture in national innovativeness, and there is a need to include a wider set of cultural factors in the analysis. Several competing measures of national innovation performance over the last decade and Hofstede’s measures of culture, as well as their recently revised versions proposed by Minkov and collaborators, are employed to test the hypotheses. The findings show that, apart from individualism, long-term orientation, and flexibility, the dimensions omitted in the prior studies are positive and strong cultural predictors of national innovation intensity, whereas the role of other cultural factors finds little empirical support. The study suggests that there is no single pattern for the impact of culture on national innovation rates that should be taken into account in seeking effective innovation strategies and policies. It also highlights the need to advance the understanding of the causal mechanism between culture and innovativeness to guide further theoretical and empirical analysis.

Global E-Government and the Role of Trust

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jayoti Das ◽  
Cassandra DiRienzo ◽  
John Burbridge
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Empirical Finding ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Using cross-country data from 140 countries, this empirical study extends past research by examining the impact of trust on the level of e-government. The major empirical finding of this research shows that, after controlling for the level of economic development and other socio-economic factors, trust as measured by ethnic and religious diversity, is a significant factor affecting e-government usage.

Entrepreneurial leadership: a missing link between perceived organizational support and organizational performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Imran ◽  
Raghad Ezzeldin Aldaas
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Perceived Organizational Support ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Entrepreneurial Leadership ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe current research is aimed at exploring entrepreneurial leadership (EL) as a mediator in perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational performance (OP) relationship. Furthermore, it also examined the impact of POS and entrepreneurial leadership on the performance of an organization.Design/methodology/approachA purposively selected sample of 216 respondents from the SME sector of Oman was chosen for the study.FindingsThe results revealed that POS and entrepreneurial leadership positively and significantly have an effect on organizational performance. Moreover, the hypothesized role of entrepreneurial leadership as a mediator between POS and OP relationship was also supported.Research limitations/implicationsIn spite of the novelty of the research, it was limited due to a few reasons. First, the research design is cross-sectional. Second, the research only focused SME sector. This research only focused on entrepreneurial leadership as a mediator, whereas, other mediators could have been explored as well.Originality/valueThe research on POS and organizational performance relationship is still in its exploration stage. Past research indicate that POS has an effect on different outcomes within an organization, including its performance. However, still, the research on the entrepreneurial leadership process is quite scarce. The current research will explore it in the context of Oman, where there is a dire need to establish SME sector performance. The unique combination between POS, entrepreneurial leadership and performance in the SME sector of Oman marks the novelty of the current research. This study contributes to the SME’s literature and it is among the pioneer studies exploring the mediating role of entrepreneurial leadership in the relationship between POS and OP.

scholarly journals Dimensions and Sub-Dimensions for the Evaluation of M-Learning Apps for Children: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.20) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Azham Hussain ◽  
Emmanuel O.C. Mkpojiogu ◽  
Fa’alina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Synthesis Strategy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

The introduction and rapid growth of mobile learning applications (m-learning apps) has improved the role of teachers in facilitating the learning process especially among children. The learning experiences of children are enhanced and enriched with the use of m-learning apps for children. There are several m-learning apps developed for children in the market today, however, some of these apps do not succinctly support and adequately assist in the learning process and educational endeavors and quest of these young minds. In this paper, a systematic review of literature was conducted to assess past research and studies on usability dimensions and sub-dimensions utilized in evaluating children’s m-learning apps. The systematic literature review consisted of the following approach: the definition of search strategy, selection of primary studies, data extraction, and implementation of synthesis strategy and lastly, the presentation of findings. The result of the review reveals that effectiveness, efficiency, learnability, and user satisfaction (with their corresponding sub-dimensions) were the top four usability dimensions used in the evaluation of m-learning apps for children. In addition, the works reviewed showed that usability evaluation is prominent only during the implementation phase of the applications’ development.  

scholarly journals The Role of Nanoparticle Shapes and Structures in Material Characterisation of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Bionanocomposite Films

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanad Mousa ◽  
Yu Dong
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Bionanocomposite Films ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nanoparticle Shapes ◽  
Selection Of

Three different types of nanoparticles, 1D Cloisite 30B clay nanoplatelets, 2D halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), and 3D nanobamboo charcoals (NBCs) were employed to investigate the impact of nanoparticle shapes and structures on the material performance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) bionanocomposite films in terms of their mechanical and thermal properties, morphological structures, and nanomechanical behaviour. The overall results revealed the superior reinforcement efficiency of NBCs to Cloisite 30B clays and HNTs, owing to their typical porous structures to actively interact with PVA matrices in the combined formation of strong mechanical and hydrogen bondings. Three-dimensional NBCs also achieved better nanoparticle dispersibility when compared with 1D Cloisite 30B clays and 2D HNTs along with higher thermal stability, which was attributed to their larger interfacial regions when characterised for the nanomechanical behaviour of corresponding bionanocomposite films. Our study offers an insightful guidance to the appropriate selection of nanoparticles as effective reinforcements and the further sophisticated design of bionanocomposite materials.

scholarly journals The role of performance feedback consistency in aspiration level adaptation: Evidence from a European grocery retailer

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Burak Cem Konduk
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Aspiration Level ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Aspiration Levels ◽  
Organizational Attention ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates whether and how the impact of drivers of aspiration levels changes across the cases of consistent and inconsistent performance feedback within the context of a retailer. Analysis of internal corporate data shows that while past aspiration level and performance–aspiration gap positively influence the current aspiration level in the case of inconsistent feedback, performance feedback consistency changes only the impact of performance relative to peers. This study replicates past research in a different industry and country due to limited empirical evidence, introduces real-world complexity into aspiration theory, pinpoints performance–aspiration gap as the primary performance feedback, introduces a new sign for the impact of performance relative to peers, and reconciles its previously detected mixed impact. The findings suggest that organizational attention has an inward focus in the case of inconsistent feedback. The results also point out that leaders can trigger change through a performance outcome that lags behind the corresponding aspiration level rather than the performance of peers and eventually move their organizations toward high performance targets by starting with feasible rather than stretch goals.

scholarly journals Is the Frequency Content of the Calls in North American Treefrogs Limited by Their Larynges?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Gridi-Papp
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Frequency Content ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Mating Calls ◽  
Limited Frequency ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
High Diversity

A high diversity of mating calls is found among frogs. The calls of most species, however, are simple, in comparison to those of mammals and birds. In order to determine if the mechanics of the larynx could explain the simplicity of treefrog calls, the larynges of euthanized males were activated with airflow. Laryngeal airflow, sound frequency, and sound intensity showed a positive direct relationship with the driving air pressure. While the natural calls of the studied species exhibit minimal frequency modulation, their larynges produced about an octave of frequency modulation in response to varying pulmonary pressure. Natural advertisement calls are produced near the higher extreme of frequency obtained in the laboratory and at a slightly higher intensity (6 dB). Natural calls also exhibit fewer harmonics than artificial ones, because the larynges were activated with the mouth of the animal open. The results revealed that treefrog larynges allow them to produce calls spanning a much greater range of frequencies than observed in nature; therefore, the simplicity of the calls is not due to a limited frequency range of laryngeal output. Low frequencies are produced at low intensities, however, and this could explain why treefrogs concentrate their calling at the high frequencies.

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