scholarly journals The Use of C-Ferns to Study Plasmolysis and Stomata Number

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. Nolan ◽  
Jia Ci Deng ◽  
Joshlyn Mensah ◽  
Jill E. Callahan ◽  
Brandy Garrett-Kluthe
Keyword(s):  
Stomata Number

scholarly journals Effects of pretreatments of some growth regulators on the stomata movements of barley seedlings grown under saline (NaCl) conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Çavuşoğlu ◽  
S. Kılıç ◽  
K. Kabar
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Epidermis Cell ◽  
Stomata Number

In this work, the effects of double, triple and quadruple combinations of gibberellic acid, kinetin, 24-epibrassinolide and polyamines (cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine) on the stomata movements in the leaves of barley seedlings grown under saline conditions were studied. In the control seedlings, the stomata number, stomata index and stomata length increased in the upper surfaces of leaves in comparison with their lower surfaces. In addition, the epidermis cell number in the leaves of control plants were fewer in the upper surface than that in the lower surface, but the stomata were statistically in the equal width in both surfaces. As for the applyings, they generally decreased stomata number, stomata index, stomata length and epidermis cell number, while they increased the stomata width in the upper and especially in the lower surface according to the control. The growth regulators used may have served to adaptation of barley seedlings to saline conditions by causing a decrease in most of the mentioned parameters.

scholarly journals Changes in the ultrastructure of soybean cultivars in response to manganese supply in solution culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lavres Junior ◽  
André Rodrigues Reis ◽  
Mônica Lanzoni Rossi ◽  
Cleusa Pereira Cabral ◽  
Neusa de Lima Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Mn Concentrations ◽  
Stomata Number

The deleterious effects of Mn stress on many species have been studied, mainly concerning biochemical, physiological and growth parameters of plants. However, there are few studies relating the anatomical and ultrastructural changes in response to manganese (Mn) nutritional disorders, This study examined the leaf ultrastructure of Mn-inefficient (IAC-15, Santa Rosa) and Mn-efficient (IAC-Foscarin 31) soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes in response to three rates of Mn (0.5, 2 and 200 µmol L-1) in the nutrient solution. Symptoms of Mn deficiency developed 12 days after transplanting in IAC-15 and Santa Rosa, followed by IAC-Foscarin 31 on the 15th day. Only IAC-15 and Santa Rosa leaves showed symptoms of Mn toxicity. The Mn concentration in leaves ranged from 8.6 (deficiency) to 886.3 mg kg-1 d.w. (toxicity). There were no changes either in stomata length or stomata number per unit of leaf surface. Cytoplasm disorganization was observed in IAC-15 under Mn-excess. In this case, the cytoplasm was amorphous, densely stained and extensively disorganized, with increased vacuolation. Mn effects were not found in mitochondria and nucleus in any of the genotypes tested. Under all Mn concentrations, many lipid globules were observed in the IAC15 chloroplasts. There was an increase in the number of plastids as well as in the size of starch grains within IAC-Foscarin 31 chloroplasts as Mn concentration in the nutrient solution increased. Genotypes had marked differences in the ultrastructure organization, mainly in leaf chloroplasts grown under conditions of both Mn deficiency and toxicity (the most sensitive genotype was IAC-15).

scholarly journals Genome induced mutation in Callistephus chinensis Ness. – evaluation of plant fertility and seed characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
P. Hanzelka ◽  
F. Kobza
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Indirect Identification ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight ◽  
Genotype A ◽  
Stomata Number

Thousand seed weight (TSW, g), achene size (mm) and fertility were evaluated in polyploid plants of C<sub>0</sub> (1999) and C<sub>1</sub> (2000) generations. The fertility of polyploid plants was usually very low (more than 10&times; compared to diploid plants). Only one plant (genotype A (tm) 1) was found as a tetraploid individual with anomalously high fertility, high TSW and large size of achenes. TSW in polyploid plants was 2.6&ndash;4.13 g, in diploid plants 2.0&ndash;2.3 g. The achene size was mostly about 3.7 mm (diploid plants) and 4.0&ndash;4.8 mm (polyploid plants). Achene (seed) size and thousand seed weight (TSW) can be classified among indirect identification methods (size of stomata, number of chloroplasts in guard cells, etc.) of polyploid plants. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Resolving taxonomic problems in the genus Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) with vegetative micromorphology

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 16064-16076
Author(s):  
Savita Sanjaykumar Rahangdale ◽  
Sanjaykumar Ramlal Rahangdale
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Stomatal Index ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Micro Morphology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Identity Problems ◽  
Stomata Number

The genus Ceropegia L. of Family Apocynaceae, subfamily Asclepiadoideae comprises 213 accepted taxa distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa, India, Australia and neighbouring regions. The taxa are mainly identified on the basis of flower morphology. A study was undertaken to reveal micromorphology of 26 taxa distributed in Western Ghats of India to solve the identity problems. The micromorphology is studied with standard microscopic methods in five replicates of each character and taxa to reveal the parameters, distribution of stomata, stomatal index, stomatal density, epidermal cell wall pattern and stomatal measurements. The data obtained was subjected to ANOVA to find out the experimental mean, standard deviation and standard error. A consensus phylogeny tree is constructed using the PAST on the basis of Jaccard similarity coefficient. Results of study revealed that, micro morphological characters, viz., type of stomata, number and characters of subsidiaries, anticlinal cell wall pattern, and stomatal index are very significant in delimitation of closely allied taxa. Beside ‘paracytic’ stomata, ‘tetracytic’, ‘isotricytic’, & ‘anomocytic’ stomatal types, and amphistomatic distribution are recorded for first time in Ceropegia. The taxa are separated easily from each other using vegetative micromorphology and can be identified even in absence of flowers. An identification key and phylogenetic tree is derived on the basis of vegetative micro-morphology and gross morphological characters.

scholarly journals The variability of leaf anatomical characteristics of Solanum nigrum L. (Solana-les, Solanaceae) from different habitats

2002 ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana Krstic ◽  
Ljiljana Merkulov ◽  
Pal Boza
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Plant Adaptations ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Structural Adaptations ◽  
Leaf Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Stomata Number

In Europe on the whole as well as in Yugoslavia, the most widespread weed species from the genus Solanum is Solanum nigrum L. Since this species inhabits different habitats, it developed several ways of adaptation to environmental conditions. The influence of ecological factors on plant organism and resulting plant adaptations are most evident in leaf morphology and anatomy. Therefore, the anatomical structure of leaves and leaf epidermal tissue of S. nigrum was analyzed and compared among plants that originated from different habitats, in order to determine leaf structural adaptations. S. nigrum lamina has the mesomorphic structure with some xero-heliomorphic adaptations. The differences in stomata number, number of hairs, thickness of lamina, palisade and spongy tissue, as well as the size of mesophyll cells have been noticed. The highest values for most of the parameters have been recorded for the plants from cultivated soil. Largest variations of the examined characters were found for the leaves from ruderal habitats, where environmental conditions are most variable.

Struktur Sel Epidermis Dan Stomata Aegiceras corniculatum D dan Rhizophora apiculata pada Muara Sungai Desa Poka dan Desa Leahari

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Agave Sabandar ◽  
A. Hiariej ◽  
D. E. Sahertian
Keyword(s):  
Cell Structure ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Aegiceras Corniculatum ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Nail Polish ◽  
Leaf Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Stomata Number

Research has been carried out to determine the cell structure of the epidermis and stomata in some mangrove plants in the species Aegiceras corniculatum and Rhizophora apiculata. Descriptive method is used to describe the cell structure of the epidermis and stomata of Aegiceras corniculatum and Rhizophora apiculata and quantitative leaves to calculate the number of stomata, number of epidermis and stomata index based on nail polish on the cross section of epidermal cells on the lower underside of the leaf using a light microscope, while the incision longitudinal to determine leaf thickness between the upper epidermis and the lower epidermis. The results showed that the two mangrove species that grow in the mouth of the Poka and Leahari villages namely Aegiceras corniculatum and Rhizophora apiculata were found to have the same anatomical structure and leaf anatomical characteristics in terms of the shape of epidermal cells, rectangular, octagonal, elongated, and irregular. Aegiceras corniculatum and Rhizophora apiculata have anomositic stomata type because neighboring cells surround the stomata and have the same shape as epidermal cells. Mangrove species in the river estuary of Poka Village have higher number of stomata and smaller epidermal size and lower stomata index than mangrove species in Leahari Village due to the influence of the shade. Keywords: Aegiceras corniculatum, Rhizophora apiculata, Epidermal cells,

scholarly journals Arquitectura foliar y anatomía de la corteza y la madera de Quercus sartorii y Q. xalapensis (Fagaceae)

2017 ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Dorismilda Martínez-Cabrera ◽  
Teresa Terrazas ◽  
Fernando Zavala-Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Size ◽  
Secondary Vein ◽  
Leaf Architecture ◽  
Venation Pattern ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Stomata Number

Leaf architecture and wood and ba rk anatomy of Quercus sartorii and Q. xalapensis, species with similar morphology, are described and compared, with the main purpose of recognizing features that may contribute to distinguish them. The results showed that venation pattern features such as areole number and shape, veintlets branching, and secondary vein arrangement inside the tooth are characters that help distinguish both species, but not leaf size and stomata number. Both species differ in their external bark appearance and phelloderm. Wood of both species is similar to that reported for the genus, but there is a tendency to having fewer vessels and solitary in radial rows in Q. sartorii. These traits should be used together with floral, fruit and seed features to support the recognition of both species.

scholarly journals Impact of Air Pollution on Vegetation in Banja Luka

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Maksimović ◽  
Predrag Ilić ◽  
Sanja Bajić
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Stomatal Response ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Stomatal Apparatus ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
The City ◽  
Stomata Number

Atmospheric pollutants have a negative effect on the plants; they can have direct toxic effects, or indirectly by changing soil pH followed by solubilization of toxic salts of metals. Large number of studies have investigated the possible effects of ambient air pollution on  vegetation and air pollution in stomata number and size and stomatal apparatus. The primary aim of this study was to impact air pollution from the aspect of presence SO2, NOX, CO2, O3 and PM10 on vegetation in the city of Banja Luka and stomatal response to air pollution, through a review of existing research.

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