scholarly journals INTEGRATION AND/OR REINTEGRATION OF THE INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS FROM THE ARMED CONFLICT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA OF 2001

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Martin Nakovski
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals The challenges of internally displaced persons and the way forward: the Nigerian experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
Agbo Friday Ojonugwa
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Lasting Peace ◽  
History Of ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Peace And Development

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are usually forced to flee or leave their homes, particularly in situations of armed conflict. They are displaced within their national territories and are generally subject to heightened suffering and vulnerability in many cases. It is also essential to state that the issue of internal displacement has become prominent because of the realisation that peace and reconstruction in conflict-ridden societies depend on the effective settlement and reintegration of displaced persons. Nigeria is a country that has a history of conflicts and displaced people. There has been a challenge in finding lasting peace through the employment of conflict resolution techniques and also the challenge of catering for the welfare of internally displaced persons in the country. However, peace and development without taking into account the settlement, return, and reintegration of IDPs. These desirous objectives are proving quite difficult in Nigeria as many challenges confront the government, policymakers, and humanitarian NGOs in providing the IDPs with their rights and needs. Some of the challenges can easily be overcome while some are more tasking requiring concerted efforts and massive resources to overcome. The aim of this article is to highlights the significant challenges confronting IDPs and provides some solutions to these challenges. In adopting the doctrinal method in discussions, the article finds that enormous challenges abound that confront IDPs in Nigeria, and it finds that there is the need for the government to find urgent solutions to the challenges of IDPs for the wellbeing of IDPs  

The ICRC and internally displaced persons

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (305) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Article 5

According to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the 1977 Protocols additional thereto, the mandate of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) applies in both international and noninternational armed conflict situations. The States party to the Geneva Conventions have also recognized the ICRC's right to propose activities in behalf of victims of internal strife, by adopting the Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (Article 5, para. 2d, of the Statutes).

scholarly journals RECENT DEVELOPMENTS. THE ELABORATION OF A LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROTECTION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN AFRICA

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHALOKA BEYANI
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Habitual Residence ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Recent Developments

The aim of this article is to draw on contemporary developments relating to the elaboration of a binding legal framework for the treatment of internally displaced persons in Africa. By definition, internally displaced persons are “persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of, or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border”.

Refugees and internally displaced persons — International humanitarian law and the role of the ICRC

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (305) ◽  
pp. 162-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Lavoyer
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Geneva Conventions

The main purpose of this brief study is to show the importance of international humanitarian law, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977, for internally displaced persons, i.e. persons displaced within their own country, and to refugees, i.e. persons who have fled their country. Not only does this body of international law protect them when they are victims of armed conflict, but its rules — if scrupulously applied — would make it possible to avoid the majority of displacements.

Assessing Civil Liability for Harms to Women during Armed Conflict: The Rulings of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-605
Author(s):  
Lucy Reed
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Jus In Bello ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Jus Ad Bellum ◽  
Descriptive Account

AbstractThis article provides a descriptive account of rulings of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission (EECC) related to harms inflicted during the Ethiopia-Eritrea armed conflict that disproportionately affected women. Following the introduction, it presents a brief overview of the creation of the EECC and its jurisdiction, procedure and rulings. It then discusses the EECC's rulings on sexual violence, describing the special considerations for applying its standard and quantum of proof in relation to liability and damages in rape claims. The next part focuses on the import of the EECC's rulings in relation to expelled and other displaced civilians (including internally displaced persons), who were largely women and other vulnerable populations. Although the EECC did not, for the most part, find displacement itself to be a violation of the jus in bello, it did award significant amounts of compensation for harms suffered by expelled and displaced civilians and for relief provided to such persons, who were predominantly women and other vulnerable populations, as well as for Eritrea's violation of the jus ad bellum.

scholarly journals Tierra quemada by Óscar Collazos as an Allegory of Displacement in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Reindert Dhondt
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Cycle Of Violence ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
The Impact

Through the portrayal of never-ending march of a caravan of internally displaced persons (IDPs), the novel Tierra quemada (2013) by the Colombian author Óscar Collazos explores the interrelation between different forms of violence and their devastating impact on the peripheric outposts of Colombia. This article proposes an allegorical reading of the novel by examining how it represents the difficulty to break the cycle of violence and the impact of a low-intensity conflict on the IDPs, without presenting a voyeuristic perspective of the violence nor a Manichean vision of the armed conflict.

scholarly journals Rozszerzenie przestrzeni integracyjnej osób wewnętrznie przesiedlonych: implementacja na Ukrainie polskiego doświadczenia wspomagania rodzin

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Oksana Iwankowa-Stetsiuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Polish Experience ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Similar Experience

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the implementation process of the Polish experience of supporting IDPs families in Ukraine, which envisages the harmonization of the efforts of professionals to help families as an specific integrities. A similar experience is important for Ukraine during the armed conflict in the eastern territories of the country, which in turn leads to an increase in the number of internally displaced families who are struggling with their own specific problems and needs, including the need to expand the integration space. The article uses the materials of the joint project of Caritas Ukraine and Caritas Polska "Establishing a family support center due to the model of integration of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and host communities in Ukraine", implemented with the author's participation in 2017-2019 as part of the cooperation program of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland.

5 Persons Covered by International Humanitarian Law: Main Categories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hill-Cawthorne Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Law

This chapter identifies the main categories of persons deemed to be in need of protection in situations of armed conflict, according to which the rules of international humanitarian law (IHL) are structured. The two principal categories of persons under the law of international armed conflict (IAC) are combatants/prisoners of war (POWs) and civilians. This categorization lies at the heart of one of the key principles of IHL, that of the distinction between combatants (being, generally, lawful targets) and civilians (being, generally, not lawful targets). These two principal categories are then further divided, with special (additional) rules applying to certain persons falling within each sub-category—including the wounded, sick, and shipwrecked; women; children; the elderly, disabled, and infirm; refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs); mercenaries and spies; journalists; and the missing and the dead. For some of these categories of persons, such as women and displaced persons, the rules remain very basic and inadequate for the contemporary challenges faced in armed conflicts. What is more, many of these categories are even less clearly defined under the law of non-international armed conflict (NIAC).

scholarly journals SOME ISSUES OF PAYMENT OF PENSIONS TO PERSONS AFFECTED BY THE MILITARY CONFLICT IN THE EASTERN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Liubov Knyazkova ◽  
◽  
Ivan Ivanov ◽  
Margaryta Kravtsova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
The Right ◽  
State Pension ◽  
The Military

The article focuses on the study of the problems of payment of pensions to internally displaced persons and residents of the occupied territories of Donbas. As Ukraine today faces a problem unknown to it – the need to address issues related to the payment of pensions to victims of the armed conflict in the Eastern Ukraine, there is a need to develop effective mechanisms for exercising the right for pensions for these categories of persons. Normative acts and practice of application of the legislation on provision of pensions of internally displaced persons and persons living in the temporarily occupied territories are analysed. The article shows the features of legal regulation of provision of pensions and develops theoretical and practical proposals and recommendations. Emphasis is made on the fact that the occupation of Ukrainian territories and the military aggression of the Russian Federation have forced Ukraine to respond to the problems of Ukrainian citizens affected by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. It is concluded that the establishment of a special procedure for repayment of arrears of pension benefits for the past period by a court decision restricts internally displaced persons in the right for a pension and is illegal. Non-payment of pensions to residents of the occupied territories of Donbas violates their constitutional right for a pension. Emphasis is placed on the fact that such conditions are discriminatory, as other (less favourable) conditions for payment of pensions are defined. Based on the practice of application of the legislation, it was found that social protection bodies violate the constitutional rights of this category. It is proposed to strengthen the responsibility of officials for violating the constitutional rights of persons affected by the consequences of the armed conflict. It focuses on bringing Ukrainian legislation on pensions of persons who have suffered as a result of the occupation of Donbas in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine and international standards. It is proposed that the laws "On Compulsory State Pension Insurance" and "On Provision of Pensions" provide for a norm that would establish the obligation of officials who grant pensions to take into account the legal positions set forth in decisions of the Supreme Court and the results of their consideration of exemplary cases on pension issues. According to the author, it should be noted that ignoring this requirement entails disciplinary proceedings, and illegal refusal to pay a pension leads to criminal liability. With this purpose the author proposed to amend the Criminal Code and the supplement it with the article "Illegal refusal to appoint or pay a pension".

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