scholarly journals RUBBERISED COIR INDUSTRY - AN INTRODUCTION

CORD ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
P. Chandy Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Coconut Tree ◽  
Coconut Kernel ◽  
Coconut Fibre ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Capital Intensive ◽  
By Products

The coconut palm is one of the versatile products of nature. Almost all parts of the tree are put to use by man. The uses of coconut kernel, shell, husk, trunk, leaves, sap etc., are well known and are therefore not described here. In this paper only one aspect of utilisation of coconut namely coconut fibre or coir for production of rubberised fibre is discussed in some detail. In major coconut producing areas more attention is given to utilisation of coconut kernel as this represents the most valuable portion of the coconut tree. It is therefore quite natural that most people con­cemed with coconut production and processing are less familiar with the by‑products of coconut. One such by‑product is rubber­ised coir which is a relatively capital intensive industry. In terms of "value addition" the production of rubberised coir is one of the top industries in the coconut and by‑product industries. This paper is an introduction to some aspects of rubberised coir.

scholarly journals Value addition of red beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) by‐products: Emulsion formation and stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo Ralla ◽  
Hanna Salminen ◽  
Timo Wolfangel ◽  
Matthias Edelmann ◽  
Corinna Dawid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals System Analysis of Biogas Production—Part II Application in Food Industry Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Lindkvist ◽  
Magnus Karlsson ◽  
Jenny Ivner
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
By Products

Biogas production from organic by-products is a way to recover energy and nutrients. However, biogas production is not the only possible conversion alternative for these by-products, and hence there is interest in studying how organic by-products are treated today and which alternatives for conversion are the most resource efficient from a systems perspective. This paper investigates if biogas production is a resource efficient alternative, compared to business as usual, to treat food industry by-products, and if so, under what circumstances. Five different cases of food industries were studied, all with different prerequisites. For all cases, three different scenarios were analysed. The first scenario is the business as usual (Scenario BAU), where the by-products currently are either incinerated, used as animal feed or compost. The second and third scenarios are potential biogas scenarios where biogas is either used as vehicle fuel (Scenario Vehicle) or to produce heat and power (Scenario CHP). All scenarios, and consequently, all cases have been analysed from three different perspectives: Economy, energy, and environment. The environmental perspective was divided into Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), and Eutrophication Potential (EP). The results show, in almost all the systems, that it would be more resource efficient to change the treatment method from Scenario BAU to one of the biogas scenarios. This paper concludes that both the perspective in focus and the case at hand are vital for deciding whether biogas production is the best option to treat industrial organic by-products. The results suggest that the food industry should not be the only actor involved in deciding how to treat its by-products.

scholarly journals Photometric characteristics of the Be stars: almost twenty years of UBV monitoring at the Hvar observatory

1994 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 301-302
Author(s):  
K. Pavlovski ◽  
H. Božić ◽  
Ž. Ružić ◽  
P. Harmanec ◽  
J. Horn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Be Stars ◽  
Photoelectric Photometry ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Almost All ◽  
By Products

Since their discovery (by Father Secchi in 1866) until the end of sixties, Be stars were not a subject of any systematic studies of their possible light and colour variations. Already at that time, the astronomical literature contained ample evidence showing that a number of Be stars were light variables. However, almost all such findings resulted as by-products of studies of different or wider groups of objects. Feinstein (1968) was probably the first who pointed out explicitly that many Be stars are light variables. A pioneering study which was aimed at the detection of light variations of a large group of Be stars by means of differential photoelectric photometry was carried out by Haupt & Schroll (1974).

Advances in the Value Addition to Foods-recent Trends

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
K. R. Anilakumar ◽  
Natarajan Gopalan ◽  
R. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Life Enhancement ◽  
By Products

Value addition to foods may be done by several ways. It could be done by the use of preservative, food ingredients capable of eliciting functionalities and by fortification using micronutrients. There are novel and emerging food processing technologies that are possible to preserve the ingredients in the food intact. The shelf life enhancement of the processed food can be done by adapting newer packaging technologies. Food processing industries in many of the countries across the world generates huge quantity of by-products that can be put into use by value addition. These by-products have less use and create considerable environmental pollution. The by-products of the fruits, vegetables, etc. may be used for value addition adapting commercially viable approaches. Fermented foods are value added foods that could be developed using novel starters. It is also important to note the regulatory aspects of foods whenever the foods are preserved b y value addition

scholarly journals An Assessment of Current and Past Concentrations of Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water throughout France

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Corso ◽  
Catherine Galey ◽  
René Seux ◽  
Pascal Beaudeau
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Original Method ◽  
French Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Water Origin ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
By Products

In France, 95% of people are supplied with chlorinated tap water. Due to the presence of natural organic matter that reacts with chlorine, the concentrations of chlorination by-products (CBPs) are much higher in chlorinated water produced from surface water than from groundwater. Surface water supplies 33% of the French population. Until the 1980s, almost all surface water utilities pre-chlorinated water at the intake. Pre-chlorination was then gradually banned from 1980 to 2000. Trihalomethanes (THMs) are the only regulated CBP in France. Since 2003, THMs have been monitored at the outlet of all utilities. This study assessed current (2005–2011) and past (1960–2000) exposure of the French population to THMs. We developed an original method to model THM concentrations between 1960 and 2000 according to current concentrations of THMs, concentration of total organic carbon in raw and finished water, and the evolution of water treatments from 1960 onward. Current and past mean exposure of the French population to THMs was estimated at 11.7 µg·L−1 and 17.3 µg·L−1, respectively. In the past, approximately 10% of the French population was exposed to concentrations >50 µg·L−1 vs. 1% currently. Large variations in exposure were observed among France’s 100 administrative districts, mainly depending on the water origin (i.e., surface vs. ground), ranging between 0.2 and 122.1 µg·L−1 versus between 1.8 and 38.6 µg·L−1 currently.

Evaluation of nanofiltration for disinfection by-products control in drinking water treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 233-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Itoh ◽  
S. Kunikane ◽  
Y. Magara
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
River Water ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Almost All ◽  
By Products

DBP control by nanofiltration was studied. Nine DBPs including THMs were selected as target compounds. Reagent DBPs and DBPs formed as a result of chlorination of NOM contained in river water, were applied to nanofiltration to examine DBPs removal. Humic acid was used to investigate DBP precursor control. Nanofiltration was conducted for about one day for each experiment using two 2-inch membrane modules. NF showed high performance for DBP precursor removal but little effect on the removal of DBPs themselves, especially THMs. In the experiment of DBP precursors removal, rejections were 98 to 100 percent for most of the DBPFPs. For NOM in river water, rejections of THMFPs were 96 to 99 percent. This shows nanofiltration is effective even at low concentrations of NOM. Nanofiltration can remove almost all organic substances with the apparent molecular weight of greater than 2,000 daltons. Molecular weight distribution patterns of the permeate were different depending on NF. THMs showed decreasing rejection as filtration proceeded because of adsorption on the membrane surface. THM rejections at 24 hours after filtration started were about 10 and 30 percent in Module-A and B, respectively. Haloacetic acids showed relatively higher rejections. It is recommended, from the viewpoint of THM control, that NOM removal using NF is much preferable to the removals of THM, formed by chlorination, using NF.

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