scholarly journals Intellectual Elite of Ukrainian Nation: on the Occasion of Centenary of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 807-820
Author(s):  
Serhii Pyrozhkov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ukrainian Academy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Short Time Span ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Post War ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The author analyses the history of the establishment of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in Kyiv. He examines the legal procedures for the Academy’s establishment and emphasises that mutual understanding between the scientific community and authorities provides an opportunity to resolve a fundamental nation-wide problem within a short time span. It is also stressed that the crucial role in drafting the Law on the Establishment of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences belongs to M.P. Vasylenko and V.I. Vernadskyi, like-minded prominent scholars and men of science, towering figures who considered science as the blissful power. In addition, the article examines the main tasks pursued by the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, namely providing a sound scientific underpinning for the development of Ukrainian society as well as increasing the role of sciences in civil life. The article substantiates that the comprehensive development of seminal works has always been and still remains the primary purpose of the Academy. All scholars who took part in its development disinterestedly worked upon the implementation of its concept and dedicated their lives to education. The author singles out five rather different periods in the operation of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences: the establishment, expansion of activities during the World War II, post-war rejuvenation, development, and golden age owing to scientific and technological advancement. The fifth period is modern and has lasted since 1991. In the end, the author emphasises that the establishment of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences was designed as a large-scale and socially significant project, whose implementation has eventually given rise to a powerful national intellectual centre with an ever increasing contribution to the development of the country, nation, and personalities. According to the fundamental principles and strategic goals of the Academy, its activity has been expanding for over a hundred years both in favourable and disadvantageous times, in conditions of social stability and continuous social changes. Keywords: Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, establishment, power, prominent scientists, important role.

Materials for the history of the gospel-Baptist movement in Ukraine

1996 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
S. Golovaschenko ◽  
Petro Kosuha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Theological Seminary ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Evangelical Christians ◽  
Evangelical Christian ◽  
First Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fruitful Cooperation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The report is based on the first results of the study "The History of the Evangelical Christians-Baptists in Ukraine", carried out in 1994-1996 by the joint efforts of the Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Odessa Theological Seminary of Evangelical Christian Baptists. A large-scale description and research of archival sources on the history of evangelical movements in our country gave the first experience of fruitful cooperation between secular and church researchers.

scholarly journals The NAS-NRC Twin Registry and Duke Twins Study of Memory in Aging: An Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Gatz ◽  
Brenda L. Plassman ◽  
Caroline M. Tanner ◽  
Samuel M. Goldman ◽  
Gary E. Swan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Human Genetics ◽  
White Male ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Population Based ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Twin Registry ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

AbstractThe National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council (NAS-NRC) Twin Registry is one of the oldest, national population-based twin registries in the USA. It comprises 15,924 White male twin pairs born in the years 1917–1927 (N = 31.848), both of whom served in the armed forces, chiefly during World War II. This article updates activities in this registry since the most recent report in Twin Research and Human Genetics (Page, 2006). Records-based data include information from enlistment charts and Veterans Administration data linkages. There have been three major epidemiologic questionnaires and an education and earnings survey. Separate data collection efforts with the NAS-NRC registry include the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) subsample, the Duke Twins Study of Memory in Aging and a clinically based study of Parkinson’s disease. Progress has been made on consolidating the various data holdings of the NAS-NRC Twin Registry. Data that had been available through the National Academy of Sciences are now freely available through National Archive of Computerized Data on Aging (NACDA).

scholarly journals POLE-TOPS OF CHMYREVA MOHYLA BARROW

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321
Author(s):  
Z. H. Popandopulo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
World War ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
River Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In 1977 on the site of famous burial mound Chmyrеva Mohyla located on the northern outskirts of Velyka Bilozerka village of Zaporizhzhia region three bronze pole-tops with images of gryphons were found by local people on the plowed field. There is no evidence whether other artifacts have been found. Luckily nearby in Gunovka village the expedition of Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was working under the leadership of Yu. V. Boltryk who got the founded artifacts and then sent them to Zaporizhzhia regional museum of local lore, history and economy. The history of excavations of Chmyrеva Mohyla numbers more than a century. They were started by F. A. Braun in 1898, M. I. Veselovskiy (1909—1910) continued the excavations and Yu. V. Boltryk in 1994 completed them. The burial mound has not been excavated in full because of various reasons. The destiny of finds from this barrow was tragic. A lot of artifacts among them silver vessels from the hiding-place which was revealed by M. I. Veselovskiy were lost during the World War II when the collections of Kharkiv historic museum were evacuated. Scythian bronze pole-tops as one of the most interesting categories of artifacts for a long time attracted attention of scholar world. They were classified by types and date, their significance in funeral ceremony and everyday life was searched for. The questions still remain. In this article we tried to put into scholar circulation a scanty type of pole-tops with the image of pacing gryphon on the pear-shaped little bell which is characteristic only for Steppe Dnieper river region. For today only eight of them are known and most of them are originated from of the burial mounds of high Scythian aristocracy: Tovsta Mohyla, Haimanova Mohyla, Chmyrova Mohyla. Chronologically they are slightly differed from other pole-tops both with the image of deer on pear-shaped little bells from Tovsta Mohyla, and with the image of deer on flat cone bushes from Haimanova Mohyla. The question about the place of production of such pole-tops is still opened. Probably just these types of pole-tops could be produced in one workshop but not all known variety of objects as V. A. Ilinska thought. One of the problems to be solved by researchers is searching for such workshops. But if these objects have been moulded by wax models the task becomes more complicated.

Japan’s Miracle Decades

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Akizumi Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Japanese Economy ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Dual Structure ◽  
Post War

Since the end of World War II, the Japanese economy has experienced two types of ‘dual structure’ issues among occupational groups. The period before the war until 1950 consisted of large-scale companies stemming from zaibatsu (financial cliques) and indigenous domestic industries. The health disparities across occupational groups, often observed in the West, increased between the pre-war period and the 1950s but declined in the subsequent high economic growth period. The decline in health disparities was aided by economic democratization policies, active labour union functions, and post-war economic growth. Near-total employment was achieved, at least among male workers, in the late 1960s to early 1970s. Later, recession in the wake of the bursting bubble economy after 1991, and the subsequent economy-first policy, brought another dual structure: regular employees versus lower-paid ‘precarious’ employees. The latter group includes many women. Stressful working conditions including long working hours among specific occupational groups may cause unique patterns of health disparity among Japanese workers.

scholarly journals A 25-VOLUME EDITION OF IVAN FRANKO'S WORKS: LVIV CONTRIBUTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 88-121
Author(s):  
Oleksandr LUTSKYI
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Main Work ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
Post War ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Artistic Heritage

The article analyzes the main directions, course, and consequences of the research and publishing project of 1940-1941 in preparing for printing a 25-volume collection of works of Ivan Franko's literary-artistic heritage in the context of new political and socio-economic realities in Western Ukraine after the accession to the USSR as a part of the Ukrainian SSR at the beginning of World War II. Emphasizing the participation in these events of employees of the Lviv department of the T. Shevchenko Institute of Ukrainian Literature of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, the author noted that the main work was carried out by the Lviv philologists, led by Academician Mykhailo Vozniak. They did the search, selection, and scientific verification of the texts, ensuring their linguistic and stylistic design, compiling the edition's reference apparatus, and others. The place and role of some compilers and editors in preparing the collection for publication, particularly M. Vozniak and Professor V. Simovych, are highlighted. The reasons which caused difficulties and insurmountable obstacles in meeting the deadline in a responsible task are revealed. It turned out that the task became much more difficult for the management of the Institute and the employees, and, first of all, for the main compilers and editors from Lviv than it seemed at first. They did not completely achieve what was planned. Before the beginning of the German-Soviet War, the State Publishing House of Ukraine managed to publish only two volumes of I. Franko's writings, although a team of Lviv scientists led by M. Vozniak had prepared for publishing a scientifically done 20-volume set of the writer's works. The German-Soviet War interrupted further printing. The post-war period's new socio-political conditions left very little space for creative activities, so M. Vozniak's attempts to complete the publication of all 25 volumes were unsuccessful in the end. Keywords: Ivan Franko, works, twenty-five-volume edition, compilers, editors, M. Vozniak.

scholarly journals Post-war Projects of Academician V. N. Obraztsov for Development of Transport in the European North of the USSR

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
L. P. Roschevskaya ◽  
M. P. Roschevsky
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
Post War ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Scale Design ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In 2024, the Russian Academy of Sciences will celebrate its three hundredth anniversary. In this regard, there is a relevant need to comprehend the contribution of Soviet scientists to reconstruction of the country’s economy after the Great Patriotic War. In 2021, Russian University of Transport where Academician V. N. Obraztsov once worked, celebrates the 125th anniversary. The scientific conceptualisation of the ways to develop the North of the country is of great importance for the development of the transport system of Russia. Hence, those factors determine the topicality of the objective of the article to study the projects for development of transport in the European North of the USSR put forward by Academician V. N. Obraztsov in the post-war period.To attain this objective, the system-structural and historicalcomparative methods were used. For the first time the activity of V. N. Obraztsov, as of an analyst and expert in the field of development of post-war railway transport, is analysed. It is concluded that having the talent of a major leader of transport projects, Obraztsov put forward research tasks adequate to the requirements of the time for reconstruction of the country’s economy after the war. Among these tasks, he considered modernisation and development of transport. In the projects of 1945, Obraztsov laid the foundations for long-term planning of railway, road, river, and air transport in the European North of the USSR for several decades ahead. The volume of the proposed construction was enormous. Even though the planned large-scale design of the transport infrastructure was not entirely feasible for implementation in a short time due to limited forces and resources of the country, it catches imagination with farreaching prospects for development of the European North and the Arctic. Academician Obraztsov’s programs for development of the north, being of great scientific value, are especially relevant in 21st century.

Sociology at the Belarusian State University: Origins and Philosophy of Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article examines the origins and philosophy of the development of sociology at the Belarusian State University (BSU), which has accumulated the wisdom and socio-political thought of Belarusian thinkers of the past, absorbed the research experience of previous generations. Since the beginning of the work of BSU in 1921, the Department of Sociology and Primitive Culture was created (S.Z. Katzenbogen). The course in genetic sociology, which was taught by Professor S.Z. Katzenbogen, to a greater extent resembled a kind of fusion of philosophical and sociological thought and primitive history, was unlike modern ideas about sociological science. This period did not last long. Soon repressions broke out, the Great Patriotic War, and the post-war reconstruction took place, which significantly delayed the development of sociology as an independent science. All this time, sociology functioned in the bosom of philosophical knowledge, where the convergence of meanings and meaningful mutual enrichment took place, the difficult process of accumulating theoretical, methodological and practical experience was going on. The rticle highlights the key role of BSU in institutionalization, development of sociological science and education in Belarus. The leader of the revival of sociology at BSU was Professor G.P. Davidyuk (1923–2020). Following the example of the Belarusian State University, in the 1960s–1970s, sociological structures were created in all the leading universities of the republic; the work of the applied sociology sector of BSU contributed to the development of factory sociology. In 1989, a sociological department and a department of sociology were opened, at the end of 1996, the Center for Sociological and Political Research was established. Since 1997, the scientific and theoretical Journal of BSU. Sociology, and in 2000 the Belarusian Sociological Society began to function, a branch of the Department of Sociology of the Belarusian State University was opened at the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. The traditions of previous generations, laid down by the leaders of the Belarusian sociological school, are gradually being transformed, taking into account the development of scientific, technological and informational and communicative progress, revising curricula and training programs for modern sociologists.

Migration and mobility

2018 ◽  
pp. 145-176
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
World War ◽  
Post War

This chapter explores the changing and dynamic migrant reservoir in Europe, specifically looking at the labour market outcome of migrants with an emphasis on youth. Since the end of World War II, Europe has experienced large-scale migration both internally and from the outside of the EU. The descriptive analysis using aggregate country data suggests that even though migration from non-European countries is very substantial, the intra-European flows from Southern and Eastern Europe are non-negligible, with comparable emigration rates and differing trends and composition in the post-war period. The chapter then demonstrates that young migrants from both Eastern and Southern Europe are more likely to be overqualified than young native-born workers. To tackle issues of persisting native–migrant gaps in labour market performance, policies could be geared toward further integration and non-discriminatory treatment of foreign-born residents in the destination labour markets.

Post-War Municipal Elections in Great Britain

1947 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-306
Author(s):  
William A. Robson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Repair Service ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
The Arts ◽  
War Effort ◽  
Post War

The interest and significance of the postwar municipal elections held in Britain can best be appreciated if they are seen against wartime conditions on the one hand and the reconstruction tasks which confront local authorities on the other.In England, as elsewhere, local government was designed to promote the arts of peace. But for six years during World War II it was asked to shoulder burdens of the most formidable kind directly connected with the war effort. The decision to make local authorities responsible, under the guidance of the Ministry of Home Security and its regional commissioners, for the complex of functions comprised under civil defense was a momentous one. Never before in Britain or any other country had local authorities been asked to undertake a task of such magnitude and importance as that of providing air-raid shelters, wardens and fire-guard posts in almost every street, gas decontamination centers, light and heavy rescue squads, evacuation schemes, emergency feeding and reception centers for those rendered homeless by enemy air attack, furniture stores, rest homes, a first-aid repair service for houses, and various other items of this kind.The Ministry of Food placed heavy duties on both local-government officers and councilors in connection with food control and rationing; and local authorities provided cheap restaurants and canteens on a large scale. The Ministry of Fuel and Power drew largely on the resources of municipal administration in appointing local fuel overseers and their staffs for regulating the distribution and consumption of solid and liquid fuel.

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