Kalkulierter Konflikt?

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-262
Author(s):  
Christoph Kampmann
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Louis Xiv ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Relationship

Summary Calculated Conflict? The Cologne Election Dispute of 1688 and the Origins of the Nine Years’ War Historians have recently begun to focus on the relationship between elections and conflict during the Early Modern period. Against the backdrop of these debates, the article takes another look at one of the most conflict-laden elections of that era, the election dispute (“Doppelwahl”) of Cologne in July 1688 involving Cardinal Fürstenberg and Duke Joseph Clemens of Bavaria. The spectacular failure of Fürstenberg, the candidate backed by King Louis XIV of France, in the succession struggle in Electoral Cologne was one of the major causes of the Nine Years’ War (known in German as the “War of the Palatine Succession”), which impacted wide swathes of Western and Central Europe. The resolution of the succession dispute in the Archdiocese of Cologne occurred within the context of growing tensions between Louis XIV and his rivals, in particular Emperor Leopold I. Yet up to the summer of 1688, there continued to be opportunities – albeit diminishing ones – to resolve the conflict peacefully. It was only when Emperor Leopold decided to publicly and solemnly declare Fürstenberg ineligible, explicitly citing the cardinal’s allegiance to Louis XIV, that open conflict became unavoidable. As a result, the very reputations of the protagonists were at stake in the Cologne succession, including that of Louis XIV; there was no longer any way to withdraw from the conflict without losing face. There are convincing reasons to believe that the emperor, by deciding to exclude Fürstenberg, was consciously accepting a conflict with France, with the prospect of a broad anti-French alliance that was already forming in Central and Western Europe.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Heather L. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Administrative Practice ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Universal Rule

This chapter draws on Katip Çelebi's Düstūrü’l-‘amel li ıṣlāhı ’l-ḥalel, or the Guiding Principles for the Rectification of Defects, to outline how attention to genre, to the relationship between conceptual models and administrative practice, to the role of sultanic authority as an anchor for imperial order, and to the significance of comparative historical analysis offers an alternative approach to Ottoman state-making in the early modern period. It further suggests that the “middle years” of the state might best be understood as a tension between principles of universal rule and the practices designed to entice and co-opt regional elites into a coherent sociopolitical order.

5. Family histories and the autobiography of childhood

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Autobiographical Writing ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Family Histories ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The years of childhood have become increasingly central to autobiographical writing. Historians have linked this development to the new ideas about life-stages that emerged in the early modern period. Philippe Ariès (1914–84) made a key contribution in 1960 with a book on the child and family life in the ancien régime, known in English as Centuries of Childhood. ‘Family histories and the autobiography of childhood’ considers how genealogy (the tracing of family history) and the shaping of family relations by cultural and social forces have been central concerns for many modern autobiographers. It also looks closely at the relationship between child and parent and at the impact of mixed cultures.

Divine Punishment or Disease? Medieval and Early Modern Approaches to the 1518 Strasbourg Dancing Plague

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
Lynneth J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Divine Judgment ◽  
Divine Punishment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Using writings from observers of the 1518 Strasbourg dancing plague, this article explores the various understandings of dancing mania, disease, and divine judgment applied to the dancing plague's interpretation and treatment. It argues that the 1518 Strasbourg dancing plague reflects new currents of thought, but remains closely linked to medieval philosophies; it was an event trapped between medieval and modern ideologies and treated according to two very different systems of belief. Understanding the ways in which observers comprehended the dancing plague provides insight into the ways in which, during the early modern period, new perceptions of the relationship between humanity and the divine developed and older conceptions of the body and disease began to change, while at the same time, ideologies surrounding dance and its relationship to sinful behavior remained consistent.

Marked Angels: Counterfeits, Commodities, and The Roaring Girl*

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (4-Part2) ◽  
pp. 1531-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Forman
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Shadow Side ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Title Character

This article traces the connections between the circulation of commodities and counterfeit coins in The Roaring Girl. Contextualizing the play's representation of counterfeits within a discussion of the relationship between real and counterfeit money in the early modern period, I argue that the play registers and addresses economic pressures, in part through its commentary on, and revision of, the conventions of stage comedy. In particular, the play offers enhanced forms of realism and the fiction of the “individual” in the title character, Moll, to compensate for the absence of legible material guarantees for value, legitimacy, or status. I conclude with a reading of the play's representation of masterless persons as the necessary shadow side of the plethora of opportunities seemingly offered by the market.

Early modern Ireland and Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (144) ◽  
pp. 604-609
Author(s):  
Bernadette Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Changing Trend ◽  
Active Research ◽  
At Home

Many strands of the complex story of Irish migration to Europe in the early modern period are currently the focus of active research by historians both at home and abroad. The traditional emphasis on researching the Catholic Irish who travelled to Europe to further their education is now less pronounced, as researchers move beyond the archives of religious orders and academic institutions into the secular archives of France, Spain and other regions of western Europe. This changing trend is probably dictated more by economic and social considerations than by ideology.

scholarly journals French Law and its Expansion in the Early Modern Period

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Dauchy
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
French Law ◽  
Louis Xiv ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of

The history of French law in the early modern period is characterized by gradual unification, rationalization, and centralization. From the fifteenth century, the central authorities started the official registration of customary law, seeking to implement more legal uniformity and security. The homologation process resulted in the publication of doctrinal treatises, in particular about the custom of Paris, which later became the chief legal basis of the 1804 Code civil. Case law also contributed to the consolidation of private law. The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are marked by the political commitment of the monarchy to codify law in order to achieve legal and procedural unification, assert royal legislation as the main source of law, and contribute to France’s commercial and colonial policy. The great ordinances of Louis XIV and the custom of Paris were indeed transplanted to Canada and Louisiana and therefore became the main expressions of France’s legal expansion.

Recht zur Intervention – Pflicht zur Intervention?

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Contractual Relationships ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

The responsibility to protect and intervention possessed a central political importance in the early modern period. This volume asks whether there was also a duty to intervene alongside the right to do so. This draws attention to the relationship between the responsibility to protect, security and reputation, which is the focus of the contributions the book contains. Chronologically, they range from the 15th to the 18th centuries and discuss monarchical duties to protect, alliance commitments, confessional legitimation and motives, as well as those based on patronage, contractual relationships and electoral processes. One of the book’s important findings is a deeper understanding of reputation, which is comprehensively examined here as a political guiding factor with reference to changing understandings of security for the first time.

The Ashkenazic Diaspora of Early Modern Central Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 344-369
Author(s):  
Joshua Teplitsky
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social History ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
The Creation

This chapter uses theories of diaspora—which transcend narrative of origins/dispersal and explore instead synchronic ties between multiple centers—to examine phenomena of Jewish cultural and social life in Central Europe during the early modern period (ca. 1500–1800), an geo-cultural association that was captured by the term “Ashkenaz.” Using examples from print culture, social history, and epistolary exchanges, it argues that Jews occupied a position of “variant-participants”—at once participating in wider social, intellectual, and cultural trends and translating those trends into a particular idiom with a distinctly Jewish inflection, shaped both by relationship to past texts and traditions and to other Jewish communities both within and outside of Central Europe. Considering the accommodations of diaspora existence, which creates a “home away from home,” provides a useful lens for conceptualizing the dimensions of Jewish distinctiveness, even while recognizing their local indigeneity, and allows for a consideration of the creation of local practices as well as extra-territorial forms of identification.

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