scholarly journals SEMANTICS AND FUNCTIONING OF DISCOURSE MARKER SORA IN KARACHAY-BALKAR LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Астра Шагабановна Кошева
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Text Coherence ◽  
Special Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Предлагаемая работа выполняется в рамках текущего исследовательского проекта, направленного на описание феномена эвиденциальности в карачаево-балкарском языке. Актуальность обусловлена отсутствием исследований дискурсивных маркеров как одного из распространенных средств выражения категории эвиденциальности в карачаево-балкарском языке. Цель исследования - определение семантики и функционального потенциала отдельно взятого дискурсивного маркера карачаево-балкарского языка. Объектом выступает многофункциональный дискурсив сора. Задачи исследования - выявить особенности семантики и синтаксического употребления данного дискурсивного маркера и описать его функции в предложении и тексте. Материалом послужил корпус примеров, содержащих языковые единицы исследуемого феномена, отобранные методом сплошной выборки. Установлено, что функциональный потенциал значений маркера сора гораздо шире его словарных дефиниций. Являясь транскатегориальной единицей языка, дискурсив сора демонстрирует следующие функциональные возможности: актуализация высказывания; выражение коммуникативных намерений говорящего; регулирование интеракции между коммуникантами; способность изменять первичные значения и функции в дискурсе; обеспечение когерентности дискурса в целом и демонстрация различных смысловых отношений, возникающих между компонентами текста. Анализ языкового материала также свидетельствует, что исследуемая лексема является средством выражения предположительной инференциальной семантики, основанной на логическом умозаключении. The proposed work is performed as a part of an on-going research project aimed at description of evidentiality in Karachay-Balkhar language. The paper represents the study of semantics and functional variability of the most widely used discourse marker SORA. The functional properties of this marker are mentioned in dictionaries, grammars and number of specific studies, but they were not subjected to special analysis. The paper aims at bridging this gap. We identify that discourse marker sora is highly polyfunctional. Being a discourse marker with an expressive, conative or discourse structuring function sora presents a more increased pragmatic scope than those with a textual function operating at a more profound level of the discourse. The experimentally obtained data prove that sora is capable to perform a variety of communicative and pragmatic functions: reflecting the process of interaction between the author and the reader, conveying the author’s attitude to what has been said, expressing inferential meaning, based on logical reasoning and ensuring the text coherence. The results have shown that the topic is characterized by rich empirical detail and intriguing theoretical issues. The summarization of these issues can serve as a start for further reading and exploration. The study also contributes to the general theory of evidentiality.

scholarly journals Le marche di lista in russo. Segnali riformulativi, estensivi, generalizzanti… i vse takoe

2016 ◽  
pp. 17-43
Author(s):  
Valentina Benigni
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties

This paper offers a survey of list markers in contemporary Russian, i.e. discourse markers that signal the presence of a list and fulfil specific semantic and pragmatic functions, such as generalization (и все такое ‘and things like that’), exemplification (типа ‘such as/kind of’) or reformulation of the list content (так сказать ‘so to speak’). It also explores the structural and functional properties of general extenders within the framework of CxG, focusing particularly on the process of lexicalization and grammaticalization of the discourse marker и все такое ‘and things like that’.

scholarly journals Innovative Approach to Solving Theoretical Issues of the Ecological and Epidemiological Concept of Sapronoses

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
A. B. Belov
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The history of the study of infections attributed by the microbiologist and epidemiologist V.I. Tersky in 1958 as the class of human infectious diseases – «Sapronoses» is presented. Over the past 60 years in the world and especially in Russian science the knowledge that allows us to complete the development of an ecological and epidemiological theory of sapronoses infections was accumulated. This knowledge should be extended to the whole complex of biomedical sciences associated with the population pathology of biota. To solve the controversial and complex issues of the theory, terminology and classifications of population infectology, it is necessary to integrate the knowledge of specialists in various fields of research and practice in the medicine, veterinary medicine, parasitology, phytopathology and other disciplines. The ways and prospects of improving the general theory of infectology in the light of new approaches to understanding the essence of sapronoses are discussed. 

scholarly journals Using Design-Based Research for Virtual Worlds Research Projects

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Santos
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Design Based Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Due to the characteristics of educational virtual worlds, the present manuscript underlines the need for a research model that considers the social context as part of its unit of analysis instead of just the individual’s cognitive process and learning. It is proposed that such a research approach could be design-based research (DBR), because the methodology employed by the DBR perspective thoroughly meets the challenges related to understanding how learning occurs inside a complex context of activities and interactions like those that usually take place inside an educational virtual environment. To accomplish this, the DBR employs an iterative methodology, which consists of repeating cycles of design, implementation, analysis, and redesign. This systematic procedure allows theory to emerge during the process and, thus, using DBR a researcher not only understands how to improve the quality of a certain virtual world, but also addresses theoretical issues regarding the theoretical background on which her design was based to revise and extend it. The main objective of this article is to propose the use of design-based research as a viable methodology to do research in a virtual world like Second Life and to describe in detail how to do it. First, the design-based research approach is explained in terms of its origins, its methodological resources, and its theoretical underpinnings. Secondly, considering the characteristics and affordances of virtual worlds, an adaptation is proposed and explained to employ it for a virtual world research project. Finally, an example of a research project is built to show how the proposed design-based research methodology can be applied to plan it and revise its underlying theory.

scholarly journals Contemporary Czech Theatre as a Creative Process and Artistic Work: A Challenge for Documentation

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Veronika Kyrianová
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Artistic Work ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
The Way

The following text reflects on the research project implemented by the Theatre Department of the National Museum within the framework of contemporary collecting (documentation of the present). It presents both the concept and the starting point of the project and describes its practical implementation. The paper further analyses practical and theoretical issues and problems that have arisen during the two-year implementation of the project; it deals with specific examples of collected material – its types and relevance, the way it was archived, processed and used. Rather than presenting a final complex methodology, the article presents the first steps made during its creation; it points out the difficulties of the project and reflects the future potential of the documentation.

scholarly journals Prediction for the cosmological constant in resummed quantum gravity and constraints on susy GUTs

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 1530009
Author(s):  
B. F. L. Ward
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Theoretical Uncertainty ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Grand Unified Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Theoretical Issues

We use our resummed quantum gravity approach to Einstein's general theory of relativity in the context of the Planck scale cosmology formulation of Bonanno and Reuter to estimate the value of the cosmological constant such that ρΛ = (0.0024 eV)4. We argue that the closeness of this estimate to experiment constrains Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theory (susy GUT) models. We discuss in turn various theoretical issues that have been raised about the approach itself as well as about the application to estimate the cosmological constant. Given the closeness of the estimate to the currently observed value, we also discuss the theoretical uncertainty in the estimate-at this time, we argue it is still large.

scholarly journals Utilização de Jogos Digitais para o Desenvolvimento do Raciocínio Lógico-Matemático

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidnei Renato Silveira ◽  
Ana Cristina Souza Rangel ◽  
Elias De Lima Ciríaco
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Research Project

Resumo: O presente artigo apresenta uma proposta de utilização de jogos digitais para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico-matemático. Os jogos foram concebidos durante a realização de um projeto de pesquisa, envolvendo uma equipe interdisciplinar, das áreas de Educação e Informática. Palavras-Chave: Informática na Educação. Jogos Digitais Educacionais. Raciocínio Lógico-Matemático. USE OF DIGITAL GAMES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL-LOGICAL REASONING Abstract: This paper presents a proposal of digital games to develop of mathematical-logical reasoning. The games were designed during a research project, involving an interdisciplinary team in the areas of Education an Information Technology. Keywords: Computer in Education. Educational Digital Games. Mathematical-Logical Reasoning.    

scholarly journals A discussion of S.M. Krylov’s book «Neocybernetics» (2008)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
E. S. Gornev ◽  
I. V. Matyushkin
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
Complex Object ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fine Regulation ◽  
Formal Technology ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Theoretical Issues

A comparative analysis of the “general formal technology (GFT)” by S. M. Krylov is carried out in the context of the published book of the authors “General Theory of Technologies and Microelectronics” (2020) and on the basis of his work of 2008. Despite the abstractness of the algebraic-algorithmic approach, Krylov offers a number of specific constructions that are in demand during the fourth industrial revolution and for the future development of industrial technology in nanoelectronics and biotechnology. Industrial technology is considered as a complex object of management, i.e., it is the object of study of the new discipline «neocybernetics». Although the foundations of this approach were laid in 1930s–1960s within the framework of logical and mathematical research, its expansion is inevitable when using self-organization processes to obtain functional supramolecular structures in technological processes of nanoelectronics (for example, DNA origami engineering). The issues of complexity quantification for a product itself (structure) and its manufacturing technology, or, according to Krylov, the complexity of technological automata, have become even more relevant than before. The theoretical issues of self-organization, the development of artificial life, and the creation of self-replicating technical systems also seem promising for solution. In our opinion, Krylov’s formal technology is an important “block” in the advancement of general theory of technologies (GTT) useful for describing the technology at the levels: operation, route, and process. We would like to encourage a wide range of readers to study the book and form a steady interest in general technological issues. The value of GTT and GFT extends beyond the sphere of technology and, in a narrow sense, factory production, but also into the area of «fine» regulation of physiology in biological objects and pharmacy, as well as into the problem field of cognitive sciences, psychology, and education. when the focus is on the personality structure and heterogeneous constructs «floating in the sea of the unconscious». Both S.M. Krylov and we demonstrate that the issues of industrial technology cannot be considered without abstract formalization and without reference to philosophy.

Rabbinic Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 450-470
Author(s):  
Leib Moscovitz
Keyword(s):  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Biblical Exegesis ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Iranian Law ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Rabbinic Law ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Case Based

Rabbinic law contains legal rulings and analysis, and deals with both practical and theoretical issues. It includes ritual, civil, criminal, and marital law. Its sources include rabbinic biblical exegesis, custom and tradition, rabbinic legislation, and various types of logical reasoning. Rabbinic law is distinguished from earlier Jewish legal writings in its great detail, systematization, and preoccupation with legal matters. Affinities exist between rabbinic law and ancient Near Eastern law, Greek-Hellenistic law, and Roman and Iranian law. Nevertheless, it is generally difficult to speak of influence. Numerous specific disputes and general differences in approach obtain between rabbinic law and Qumran law. The nature and scope of rabbinic legal authority in rabbinic times are hotly debated. Rabbinic law is characterized by pluralism; a primarily case-based approach to law; and the frequent use of analogy in legal reasoning. Rabbinic law is often formalistic, although many rabbinic rulings were apparently based on policy considerations.

scholarly journals Teleological generics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Korman ◽  
Sangeet Khemlani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Recent Theory

Certain “generic” generalizations concern functions and purposes, e.g., cars are for driving. Some functional properties yield unacceptable teleological generics: for instance, cars are for parking seems false even though people park cars as often as they drive them. No theory of teleology in philosophy or psychology can explain what makes teleological generics acceptable. However, a recent theory (Prasada, 2017; Prasada & Dillingham, 2006; Prasada et al., 2013) argues that a certain type of mental representation – a “principled” connection between a kind and a property – licenses generic generalizations. The account predicts that people should accept teleological generics that describe kinds and properties linked by a principled connection. Under the analysis, car bears a principled connection to driving (a car’s primary purpose) and a non-principled connection to parking (an incidental consequence of driving). We report four experiments that tested and corroborated the theory’s predictions, and we describe a regression analysis that rules out alternative accounts. We conclude by showing how the theory we developed can serve as the foundation for a general theory of teleological thinking.

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