Bioautography and antifusaric activity of three tar extracts from the pyrolysis of three plants growing wild in the south-west of Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Ali Boulanouar ◽  
Benlarbi Larbi ◽  
Akermi Moulay M’hammed
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
South West ◽  
In Vivo Tests ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogens

Vegetable tars are newly formed resinous products extracted by pyrolysis from wood or bark. Since prehistoric times, they have been used for their adhesive, water-repellent, repellent and finally medicinal properties. This work investigated the use of these vegetable tars as sources of bio-fungicides. The physicochemical properties of the tars obtained in the labor-atories showed a significant yield of 1.22%, 0.66% and 0.51% respectively for the wood of (Jeniperus phoenicea, Olea europeae sylvestris and Acacia torti-lis Sub raddiana). They also showed a density value of 1.22 and a refractive index of about 1.5115 for J.phoenicea, an acid number of 0.39 and a dry matter ratio of 19.86% for A. tortilis Sub raddiana. Considerable antifungal activity of the acetate of three tars against certain fungal phytopathogens (Fusarium) was observed with the most remarkable MIC values ranging from 0.1 mg / ml to 0.46 mg / ml. The J. phoenicea extracts were more active against F. oxysporum f sp albedinis (FOA) strains. The growth of F. solani was more sensitive to acetate extracts from O. europeae. Dichloromethane ex-tracts of A. tortilis Sub raddiana yielded with an average MIC of 0.16 and 1.02 mg / ml, respectively for strains of F. oxysporum and F. graminearum. The bioautography test revealed the presence of 3 antifusaric molecules of interest. These MIC results further merit in vivo tests for the development of future biofungicides.

Antitumor Effect of Zwitterions of Imidazolium Derived from L-methionine in BALB/c Mice with Lymphoma L5178Y

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Karen C. Vargas-Castro ◽  
Ana M. Puebla Pérez ◽  
Irma I. Rangel-Salas ◽  
Jorge I. Delgado-Saucedo ◽  
José B. Pelayo-Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Stabilizing Agent ◽  
Biological Compatibility ◽  
In Vivo Tests ◽  
Antitumoral Agent ◽  
Group 1

Background: In the therapy of cancer, several treatments have been designed using nanomaterials, among which gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been featured as a promising antitumoral agent. Our research group has developed the synthesis of gold nanoparticles L-AuNPs and D-AuNPs stabilized with zwitterions of imidazolium (L-1 and D-1) derived from L-methionine and D-methionine. Because the stabilizer agent is chiral, we observed through circular dichroism that AuNPs also present chirality; such chirality as well as the fact that the stabilizing agent contains fragments of methionine and imidazolium that are commonly involved in biological processes, opens up the possibility that this system may have biological compatibility. Additionally, the presence of methionine in the stabilizing agent opens the application of this system as a possible antitumor agent because methionine is involved in methylation processes of molecules such as DNA. Objective: The aim of this research is the evaluation of the antitumor activity of gold nanoparticles stabilized with zwitterions of imidazolium (L-AuNPs) derived from L-methionine in the model of BALB/c mice with lymphoma L5178Y. Methods: Taking as a parameter cell density, the evaluation of the inhibitory effect of L-AuNPs was carried out with a series of in vivo tests in BALB/c type mice; three groups of five mice each were formed (Groups 1, 2 and 3); all mice were i.p. inoculated with the lymphoblast murine L5178Y. Group 1 consisted of mice without treatment. In the Groups 2 and 3 the mice were treated with L-AuNPs at 0.3 mg/Kg on days 1, 7 and 14 by orally and intraperitonally respectively. Results: These results show low antitumor activity of these gold nanoparticles (L-NPsAu) but interestingly, the imidazolium stabilizing agent of gold nanoparticle (L-1) displayed promising antitumor activity. On the other hand, the enantiomer of L-1, (D-1) as well as asymmetric imidazole derivate from L-methionine (L-2), do not exhibit the same activity as L-1. Conclusion: The imidazolium stabilizing agent (L-1) displayed promising antitumor activity. Modifications in the structure of L-1 showed that, the stereochemistry (like D-1) and the presence of methionine fragments (like L-2) are determinants in the antitumor activity of this compound.

In vivo apparent digestibility in ponies given rolled, micronised or extruded barley

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 133-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M L McLean ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
A C Longland ◽  
D Cuddeford ◽  
T Hollands
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
Adaptation Phase

Processed cereals are used routinely in diets for equines but little information is available on how physical processing affects the digestibility of cereals in equines. This study examines the effects of three physical processing methods (rolling, micronisation and extrusion) on the in vivo apparent digestibility of barley fed to ponies.Three mature caecally-fistulated Welsh-cross pony geldings, (LW 284kg ± 3.8kg) were used in a 3 x 4 incomplete latin square changeover design experiment consisting of four 21 day periods. Each period comprised a sixteen day adaptation phase and a five day recording phase when apparent digestibility in vivo was determined. Ponies were offered 4kg dry matter (DM) per day of either 100% hay cubes (HC) or one of three diets consisting of a 50:50 barley:hay cubes mix. The barley in the mixed diets was either rolled barley (RB), micronised barley (MB) or extruded barley (EB). Diets were offered in 2 equal meals per day fed at 09:00 and 17:00 hours respectively.

scholarly journals A study of deregulated MMR pathways and anticancer potential of curcuma derivatives using computational approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanjali Bhattacharya ◽  
Trupti N. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Repair ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Multiple Signaling

AbstractPlant derived products have steadily gained momentum in treatment of cancer over the past decades. Curcuma and its derivatives, in particular, have diverse medicinal properties including anticancer potential with proven safety as supported by numerous in vivo and in vitro studies. A defective Mis-Match Repair (MMR) is implicated in solid tumors but its role in haematologic malignancies is not keenly studied and the current literature suggests that it is limited. Nonetheless, there are multiple pathways interjecting the mismatch repair proteins in haematologic cancers that may have a direct or indirect implication in progression of the disease. Here, through computational analysis, we target proteins that are involved in rewiring of multiple signaling cascades via altered expression in cancer using various curcuma derivatives (Curcuma longa L. and Curcuma caesia Roxb.) which in turn, profoundly controls MMR protein function. These biomolecules were screened to identify their efficacy on selected targets (in blood-related cancers); aberrations of which adversely impacted mismatch repair machinery. The study revealed that of the 536 compounds screened, six of them may have the potential to regulate the expression of identified targets and thus revive the MMR function preventing genomic instability. These results reveal that there may be potential plant derived biomolecules that may have anticancer properties against the tumors driven by deregulated MMR-pathways.

In Vitro Methods as a Tool in Neurotoxicity Studies

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-496
Author(s):  
Hanna Tähti ◽  
Leila Vaalavirta ◽  
Tarja Toimela
Keyword(s):  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Mercury Compounds ◽  
Toxicological Data ◽  
In Vivo Tests

— There are several hundred industrial chemicals with neurotoxic potential. The neurotoxic risks of most of these chemicals are unknown. Additional methods are needed to assess the risks more effectively and to elucidate the mechanisms of neurotoxicity more accurately than is possible with the conventional methods. This paper deals with general tasks concerning the use of in vitro models in the evaluation of neurotoxic risks. It is based on our previous studies with various in vitro models and on recent literature. The induction of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocyte cultures after treatment with known neurotoxicants (mercury compounds and aluminium) is discussed in more detail as an important response which can be detected in vitro. When used appropriately with in vivo tests and with previous toxicological data, in vitro neurotoxicity testing considerably improves risk assessment. The incorporation of in vitro tests into the early stages of risk evaluation can reduce the number of animals used in routine toxicity testing, by identifying chemicals with high neurotoxic potential.

scholarly journals Role of in vitro and in vivo tests of hypersensitivity in beryllium workers.

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
C D Price ◽  
W J Williams ◽  
A Pugh ◽  
D H Joynson
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Tests

Evaluation of immunomodulatory activity of two potential probiotic Lactobacillus strains by in vivo tests

Anaerobe ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayong Ren ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
Yanqing Qin ◽  
Ronglan Yin ◽  
Shouwen Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Probiotic Lactobacillus ◽  
In Vivo Tests

Mechanical Performance and In Vivo Tests of an Acrylic Bone Cement Filled with Bioactive Sepia Officinalis Cuttlebone

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. García-Enriquez ◽  
H. E. R. Guadarrama ◽  
I. Reyes-González ◽  
E. Mendizábal ◽  
C. F. Jasso-Gastinel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Sepia Officinalis ◽  
Acrylic Bone Cement ◽  
In Vivo Tests

PREDICTION OF DIGESTIBLE ENERGY INTAKE BY SHEEP OF DIETS CONTAINING GROUND ROUGHAGE AND GRAIN

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. THORLACIUS
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Digestible Energy

Digestibility and intake of diets containing 8, 28, 48 or 68% ground wheat straw plus ground crested wheatgrass and rapeseed meal, and diets containing 33, 48, 63 and 78% ground crested wheatgrass plus barley and rapeseed meal was measured with four yearling wethers per diet. Digestible energy (DE) content ranged from 2.07 to 2.95 kcal/g dry matter (DM) and dry matter digestibility (DMD) (%) from 48.7 to 71.1%. Regression of DE intake y (kcal/w0.75kg/d) on DE content (x) was curvilinear; y = −2,133 + 1,626x − 277.9x2, r = 0.996, P < 0.01, SE = ± 7.3. There was also a curvilinear relationship between diet density, as fed, (x) g (DM)/ml and DMD (%), y = 9.057 + 364.1x − 530.0x2, r = 0.970, P < 0.01, SE = ± 2.4. A linear regression equation was calculated over the DE range (2.07–2.52) for which there was an obvious increase in DE intake with increasing diet DE content; y = −700.6 + 361x, r = 0.994, P < 0.01, SE = ± 9.4, y = DE intake (kcal/w0.75kg/d), x = DE [kcal/g (DM)]. Using this regression equation and assuming a linear increase in DE intake with increase in diet DE content up to a point at which the apparent energy demand of the animal is satisfied gave a more accurate prediction of DE intake than when the curvilinear regression equation, y = −2,133 + 1,626x − 277.9x2, was used empirically. Accuracy of the prediction was further improved by expressing DE/unit ration volume instead of per unit DM. The sheep used in the present experiments had an apparent energy demand of 230 kcal/w0.75kg/day which was met at diet DE contents above 0.48 kcal/ml or 2.6 kcal/g (DM). There was a high correlation between in vivo DE content of the diet, y [kcal/g (DM)] and in vitro (x) digestible organic matter content, x, (%), r = 0.991, P < 0.01, y = 0.38 + 0.037x, SE = ± 0.04.

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