scholarly journals The economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the polish economy

VUZF Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Iwona Dudzik ◽  
Irena Brukwicka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Pareto Principle ◽  
Household Work ◽  
Polish Economy

The date of the end of the COVID-19 pandemic is difficult to forecast. Apart from the undoubted humanitarian and social consequences, its development and spread will also contribute to changes in the economy. This paper describes the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic for the Polish economy. Depending on the way the pandemic will develop, the Organization for Cooperation and Economic Development predicts that the Gross Domestic Product in Poland will drop by -7.4%, and will rebound to 4.8% by the end of 2021. It is also assumed a broad-based recovery with GDP rebounding by 2.4% in 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the labor market in Poland. It is assumed that the Polish economy has been affected less by the effects of the pandemic than other European countries. The coronavirus pandemic contributed to significant changes in the organization of work, that is, an increase in the percentage of people doing a household work. Humankind has already learned how to overcome global crises, but their burdens have never been evenly distributed. Losses and threats bring new chances and opportunities. In line with the Pareto principle, it is stated that even if 80 percent of people suffer losses due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the remaining 20 percent of them will ultimately benefit from it. The aim of this article is to analyze the economic effects of the coronavirus pandemic in Poland and to present the most affected industries. In the opinion of the authors of the study, this issue should be described in greater detail.

scholarly journals From Emerging to Developed Market: The Neoinstitutional Approach Based on the Case of Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-70
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Jan Derkacz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Polish Economy

Background. The issue of economic growth is still an important area of economic research. This topic is crucial for the economic sciences as well as for economic policy practice. Let this statement be the most important assumption in this arti­cle. Everything that happens in the economy concerns socio-economic phenomena. The main scientific problem comes down to the question of what is the role of in­stitutional factors in the socio-economic development of Poland? Research aims. The author set himself two main aims. The first aim is an at­tempt to present institutional determinants that affect the socio-economic devel­opment of the Polish economy. The second is an attempt to present the devel­opment of the Polish economy by setting it against the background of selected European countries. Methodology. This work uses a modified taxonomic development measure meth­od based on the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The research was embedded in the current of new institutional eco­nomics. The concept of the institutional matrix was also used. Key findings. Analyses conducted have facilitated the creation of an overview of the socio-economic development of the Polish economy. This was illustrated by the average socio-economic development index (ASEDI). Taxonomic measures of development were also calculated for all 10 of the economies analyzed. The main research time horizon is 2008–2018. Part of the collected data enabled anal­ysis of the period 1995–2018. The results of research and analyses have shown that selected institutional factors significantly affect the final level and quality of socio-economic development of Poland in comparison with selected European countries.

scholarly journals The Developmental Crises in the Iraqi Economy and the Arguments over the Economic Openness

2019 ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Hind Ghanim Mohammed Al-Mhanna ◽  
Dr. Hanan Abdulkhidhr Hashim ◽  
Hadeel Mohammed Ali Abdulhadi Al-Qamussi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Contemporary Issue ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Previous Phase ◽  
Municipal Health

The Iraqi economy has suffered and continues to suffer the burden of inheritance from the previous phase of more than half a century. The study aims at illustrating the economic openness in Iraq and searching its destructive results and impacts on the society. The importance of the research lies in discussing a significant and contemporary issue that has social and political impact represented by the economic openness and its reflection on the Iraqi economy and its role in disabling the process of development. Results showed that Economic openness is a major obstacle to economic development because of the direct and negative impact of investment, as well as the country’s distortion of spending and the reduction of state revenues, as well as the delay of approved projects, The state has not yet established serious mechanisms to solve the problems facing it, but all that happening is attempts to deal with problems temporarily without going to the causes of the problem to deal with them and develop solutions to them and The decline in the contribution of the economic sectors such as the agricultural and industrial sectors to the gross domestic product, as well as the clear deterioration of all services (municipal, health, education, electricity, water, etc.).

scholarly journals ISO CERTIFICATIONS DIFFUSION IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 2007-2014 AND FORECASTINNG FOR 2022-STARE OF THE ART

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Abuajila M.S Raweni ◽  
Vidosav D Majstorović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Saturation Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Standardization Process

Since 1987, when first certification issuing, ISO has been considered as the leader of development of business standardization process and numbe r of certifications speedy grows in all over the planet. In this article, quantitative analysis, we displays the diffusion of ISO certifications in European countries among the recording data for seven common models of ISO (ISO 9001, 13485, 14001, 16949, 2 2000, 27001, 50001) in the European countries in the past eight years 2007 -2014. Italy leads European countries with 26% from total number of certificates, and ISO 90001 ISO 9001 comprises 78% from the total number of certificate in this period. Forecast o f new certifications growth, number of certifications will issue in the future for all ISO models (after eight years) increasable and will not reach the saturation level in general. In qualitative analysis, we use statistical analysis of collected data to provide the effect of the number of certificates on the economic development for each country (relationship between number of certificates, number of inhabitant, and gross domestic product GDP).

scholarly journals Effect of Aging on Health Expenditure and Gross Domestic Product in Selected Countries by A Dynamic Panel Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Yahyavi Dizaj ◽  
Faroogh Na'emani ◽  
Yousef Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Kamran Irandoust
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Dynamic Panel

Background: An increase in the aging population can affect economic growth and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by reducing labor supply, reducing productivity, and increasing burden on the population. The current study aimed to explain the economic effects of aging and examined the relationship between aging, health expenditure, and GDP.   Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using the data of global development indicators, published by World Bank for the selected countries from 1996 to 2017. The study population included 40 selected countries with moderate to high income. The data related to each country were extracted. Later, the dynamic panel data approach and generalized method of moments (GMM) were applied to analyze the information. Furthermore, the generalized method of moments regression was also used by Stata 14. Results: The findings showed that aging had a negative and significant effect on GDP, so that increase of 1.00 % in the elderly population decreased the GDP growth by 2.14 %. Furthermore, countries' investment in the health sector had a positive and significant effect on the GDP. In this regard, an increase of 1.00 % in health and treatment costs improved the GPD by 0.03 %. Multiplication of  aging in health expenditure and inflation index had a significant negative impact on the growth of GDP per capita. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that population aging reduced GDP by absorbing a part of the health expenditure. Therefore, in order to reduce the negative effects of this phenomenon, a long-term approach to budgeting is required to strengthen and support the pension fund, plan more comprehensive health insurance coverage for the elderly, and develop related institutions.

scholarly journals The correlation between economic development and self -employment of the population in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-207
Author(s):  
G. K. Ilashova ◽  
S. K. Kondybayeva ◽  
Z. Т. Satpayeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Unemployed

The purpose of the article is to determine the place of self-employment in the development of the economy of Kazakhstan and analyze its relationship. In the specifics of the development of the market economy of Kazakhstan, the development of the labor market is always in the spotlight. The functioning of the national economy directly depends on the dynamism and state of this labor market. The problem of unemployment in the labor market is one of the most important indicators of economic development. It is known that an increase in the unemployment rate has a negative effect on the development of the economy, accordingly, the economic and social burden in the state increases. One of ways out of this problem is to involve the unemployed in economic activity through selfemployment and the creation of individual jobs. This practice makes it possible to eliminate the social consequences of the rise in unemployment for many countries in the cyclical development of the economy by opening their own enterprises without hired workers. The information base of statistical analysis in the article is mainly the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To determine the correlation between self-employment and economic development in Kazakhstan, the main economic indicator - the dynamics of GDP growth was obtained.

scholarly journals MEASURING THE HEALTH OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY USING FUZZY LOGIC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Bielova ◽  
Olena Pakhnenko ◽  
Alina Bukhtiarova
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Eu Countries

An important component of public economic management is to achieve a balance between the various targets of public policy and the formation of a healthy economy. A healthy economy is the basis for stable economic growth and a buffer to minimize the negative impact of external risks. The purpose of the article is to assess the “health” of Ukraine’s economy in the dynamics and in comparison with European countries. The authors used two approaches to assessing the health of the economy, namely: the Maastricht criteria (including inflation, deficit, government debt, exchange rate and long-term interest rates) and the approach of K. Collins (based on inflation, unemployment and GDP per capita). The authors assessed the health of the economy of Ukraine and EU countries for the period 2003–2020 using the fuzzy logic method, which is implemented in the MATLAB application package. Both models indicate that the most threatening situation in Ukraine was in 2008 and 2014–2015. This is completely true, because it was then that the Ukrainian economy was experiencing periods of crisis. At the same time, the best indicators of the health of the Ukrainian economy were in 2003, 2005, 2011, 2018–2019. According to both approaches, the economy of Ukraine throughout the study period can be described as “sick”, although not catastrophic. This means that even minor deteriorations in public debt, budget deficits, and the national currency exchange rate can have significant negative consequences that will be very difficult for the economy to overcome. A comparative analysis with EU countries showed that Ukraine’s economy is in a worse state compared to European countries throughout the study period. The article systematizes the types of negative economic effects due to the coronavirus crisis, namely: loss of GDP; disability and treatment costs; disability losses due to illness lasting from 3 weeks or more; losses of the economy from quarantine restrictions. Given that Ukraine’s economy is in a state of “sickness”, economic losses in the event of a continuation of the coronavirus crisis could become catastrophic and provoke a sharp deterioration in the economy.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

European and Ukrainian experience in financial support to farming activities through fiscal instruments

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040-1063
Author(s):  
E.A. Nepochatenko ◽  
E.T. Prokopchuk ◽  
B.S. Guzar
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Tax Regimes

Subject. The article considers financial regulation through the use of tax mechanisms. Objectives. The aim of the study is to evaluate European and Ukrainian practices of fiscal incentives for farming through fiscal instruments with VAT playing the key role. Methods. In the study we employed economic and statistical research methods, like monographic, comparison, scientific generalization. Results. Based on the analysis of VAT implementation on farmers in developed countries in Europe we substantiated the conclusion about its focus on simplifying the tax procedures and eliminating the negative impact on operations of economic entities. Special tax treatment (including VAT collection) is mainly used to streamline tax relations, taking into account the specifics of farming, rather than to improve the financial support to farms. We revealed that in the Ukrainian practice its main task is financial support to agricultural production. Conclusions and Relevance. The experience of developed European countries on the use of special tax regimes and taxation procedures should serve as a model for Ukraine. Financial incentives for agricultural production development should be directly supported by the State, and special tax treatment and tax administration should be focused on streamlining tax relations in the region, based on the practice of developed European countries such as UK, Germany, Italy and France.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document