scholarly journals THE MATERIALCOLLATERAL PRINCIPLE OF GENERATING INVESTMENT FUNDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 231 (5) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
SERGEI N. RYABUKHIN ◽  
◽  
MIKHAIL A. MINCHENKOV ◽  
VERA V. VODYANOVA ◽  
MAXIM P. ZAPLETIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
The One ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The article is dedicated to digital financial instruments and contradictions appearing in the process of their creation. On the one hand, this is a progressive form of the monetary and financial system development. On the other hand, traditional approaches to the creation of such instruments are virtual, which makes the finished product isolated from the real economy and gives it a speculative character. The authors propose to create a new digital financial instrument «calculated gold», which, firstly, has real pledged collateral, and secondly, allows to generate long and cheap investment funds. New financial instrument «calculated gold» makes it possible to expand gold and foreign exchange reserves due to of a group of dual goods and create commodity and currency reserves, which would allow to launch the internal investment circuit of the national financial system.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Banking Sector of Ukraine: Reasons and Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Myroslava Khutorna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

This paper is devoted to the consideration of the preconditions and results of the banking sector of Ukraine transforming, its influence on the sector’s productivity, stability and significance for the real economy. It’s grounded that banking sector of Ukraine has seriously weakened its potential for the economic development stimulation. On the one hand, due to the banking sector clearance from the bad and unscrupulous banks the system has become much more sensitive to the monetary instruments and its state is going to be more predictable and better controlled. But on the other hand, massive banks’ liquidations have caused the worsening of the confidence in financial system and radical increasing of the market concentration the highest degree of which is observed in the householders’ deposit market.

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF THE OPTIONS WITHIN AN ISLAMIC CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Hamidouche M’hamed
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Random Yield ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
Equal Zero ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The One ◽  
Reduced Risk

The investors search the financial instruments which contain least cost and reduced risk. As a recap, the financial instrument is negotiable contracts and they are two sorts, at the: • First, the traditional assets financials with that are negotiated in market of the stock exchange (shares, bonds, and the part in organism for collective investment in securities value …) or other cash instruments such as loans and deposits commercialize in the market; • Second, the derived financial product: there are two types of contracts, for the one a close position like (forwards, futures, swaps) and for the other one, the optional position likes options or warrants. So, all Islamic country observes that the option hasn’t legitimate in stock exchange and it has for originate most of the doctrine of Islam prohibit the transaction with all kinds of options,this implies a complete absence of options in the financial markets of Muslim countries and this context a random yield with in the money (ITM) of option equal zero.

scholarly journals INTERMEDIATION IN FINANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1727-1730
Author(s):  
Redon Koleci
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Intermediaries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Key Participants

Financial institutions are financial intermediaries in the process of transferring financial funds between participants in the financial system. The key participants in the financial system are: individuals, businesses, financial intermediaries and the government.Money holders are interested in investing their savings in earning income. As compensation for this, they earn profits in various forms, such as interests, dividends, capital gains, etc. Also, borrowers need additional financial funds to finance their investment or consumption programs. They are obliged to borrow those funds from financial institutions. For lending funds they pay a certain lender's price.With the intermediation of financial institutions, it is possible to transfer financial funds from entities that have surplus to entities lacking financial funds and at the same time need to be provided from external investment or consumption sources, if the accumulation of sufficient financial resources from own resources.The essence of financial intermediation lies in the collection of financial funds from many individuals and businesses that own financial savings, and their investment in various forms. With the disclosure of the financial intermediation process, we note its multidimensional aspect, on the one hand, as a pool of financial funds in various forms and their concentration, while on the other hand, as investment of shelled funds through various forms of loans to borrowers who need funding.

scholarly journals Neoklassischer Marxismus?

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (179) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wendl
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Money Creation ◽  
The One ◽  
Influential Book ◽  
Value Of Money

A couple of years after the outbreak of the financial crisis, a discussion about money creation from a political economy perspective has finally been initiated again, analyzing the interaction between commercial and central banks. Neo-Marxist approaches, though, are to a large extent unaffected by this discussion – which is based on Joseph Schumpeter’s Theory of Economic Development (1911) – or even completely reject the idea of a money-creation out of nothing. Two Neo-Marxist articles are exemplary of this deficit of monetary theories. On the one hand, the influential book Political Economy of Financial Markets (1999) by Jörg Huffschmid, which has constituted the paradigm of capitalism being driven by financial markets. On the other hand Political Economy of Money (2012) by Stephan Krüger, which assumes that the value of money is still based on the respective production of gold. Consequently, these approaches unintended trigger an adherence to the Neoclassical dichotomy of „real economy“ and „monetary sphere“, albeit with different rationales.

THE CONTRADICTORY EFFECT OF THE CRYPTOCURRENCY PHENOMENON: THE NEXT STAGE IN THE EVOLUTION OF MONEY OR A NEW FINANCIAL ADVENTURE?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Хусейн Вахаевич Идрисов
Keyword(s):  
Financial Economic ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Статья посвящена характеристике криптовалюты в финансово-экономических и нормативно-правовых отношениях, складывающихся вокруг данного явления. Перечислены основные недостатки и преимущества применения криптовалюты в гражданском обороте, а также отношение к ней ряда государств в плане ее государственно-правового регулирования. В заключении статьи сделан вывод о том, что криптовалюты в современном мире имеют довольно противоречивый эффект: С одной стороны, это привлекательный финансовый инструмент для субъектов финансово-экономических отношений, но, с другой - это еще пока малоизученный и не апробированный массово на практике объект отношений, элемент гражданского оборота, связанный с большими рисками ее обращения. The article is devoted to the characteristics of the cryptocurrency in the financial, economic and regulatory relations that develop around this phenomenon. The main disadvantages and advantages of using cryptocurrency in civil circulation are listed, as well as the attitude of a number of states to it in terms of its state-legal regulation. In conclusion, the article concludes that cryptocurrencies in the modern world have a rather contradictory effect: On the one hand, it is an attractive financial instrument for the subjects of financial and economic relations, but, on the other hand, it is still a little-studied and not widely tested in practice object of relations, an element of civil turnover associated with high risks of its circulation.

Legal Challenges of Cryptocurrencies: Isn’t It Time to Regulate the Intermediaries?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-676
Author(s):  
Anastasia Sotiropoulou ◽  
Stéphanie Ligot
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Manipulation ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
Payment Instruments ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
The One

In only one decade, cryptocurrencies have witnessed significant growth, with Bitcoin being the most dominant one. They are not efficient payment methods, although they bring some benefits linked to the underlying technology they use (Blockchain). In reality, they function more as investment assets than as payment instruments and pose various risks, which are very similar to those encountered on capital markets (price volatility, fraud, market manipulation). In order to deal with these risks, regulation should apply to intermediaries who provide services in relation to cryptocurrencies, such as crypto wallets, operation of crypto exchanges and brokerage. To this end, the European legislator should consider two options. It could, on the one hand, bring cryptocurrency service providers within the scope of the existing financial services regime and thus modify MIFID II in order to include cryptocurrencies in the list of financial instruments. The European legislator could also, on the other hand, aim at creating a new appropriate and proportionate regime that draws on the existing one. Insofar as the existing regulatory framework was not designed with cryptocurrencies in mind and as some of the current rules may not be tailored to the specificities of these assets, the second option is preferable.

Self-placement of Complex Financial Instruments by Banks to Retail Clients and Civil Liability Issues – An Overview of Greek Case-Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-75
Author(s):  
Anna O. Mitsou
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Securities Litigation ◽  
Retail Investor ◽  
The One ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This study focuses on self-placement of complex financial instruments to retail clients which is often associated with mis-selling practices. Recent case law in Greece concerning distribution Of “Coco” bonds by a Cypriot bank to its clients reveals, on the one hand, the stand Of Greek Courts concerning the interpretation of certain ambiguous MiFID I Conduct of Business (COB) rules and, on the other, their interplay with civil law duties and the intricacies that arise in order to substantiate a civil liability claim for breach of the COB rules, such as the difficulty to prove causation in securities litigation. The study further evaluates the new MiFID II/MiFIR provisions that relate to the practice of self-placement and supports the adoption of a civil liability regime at the EU level, as well as other alternatives to further enhance retail investor protection.

scholarly journals DUAL-CIRCUIT MONETARY AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ENSURING ITS SOVEREIGNTY

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-200
Author(s):  
RYABUKHIN SERGEI N. ◽  
◽  
MINCHENKOV MIKHAIL A. ◽  
VODYANOVA VERA V. ◽  
ZAPLETIN MAXIM P. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Structural Levels ◽  
Different Levels

The article is devoted to the ensuring the sovereignty of the national economy of the Russian Federation. The authors believe that the basis for achieving this goal is the creation of an investment circuit in the structure of the Russian financial system. The article presents an analysis of the structural levels of the modern international monetary and financial system and identifies the features of the functioning of countries belonging to different levels. The authors propose to expand the gold and foreign exchange reserves at the expense of a group of dual goods and create commodity and currency reserves, by help of which will then launch the internal investment circuit. The interaction of contours is proposed to be carried out using a new financial instrument “calculated gold”, which is formed according to the author’s algorithm.

Innovative approaches for teaching and learning with the use of teaching technology and entrepreneurship in elementary school

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Angelina Kalinova
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The One ◽  
Educational Staff ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Innovative Approaches

New curriculum in technology and entrepreneurship is the starting point to search for opportunities to justify the innovative approaches that would help conducting technological training. The subjects are innovative approaches as a consequence of the content and organizational changes in the teaching of technology and entrepreneurship. We assume that innovation approaches are determined by the idea of achieving unity between the teaching and the management of cognitive and practical activities for students - on the one hand and on the other - performed by trained educational staff. Innovative approaches should complement the traditional approaches used at the same time be equally useful for teachers and students.

scholarly journals Controlar y reformar: la visita al consejo de hacienda de Lope De Los Ríos (1664-1667) = Control and Reform: The Visit to Lope de los Ríos’ the Finances Council (1664-1667).

2017 ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Milán Coronado
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Xvith Century ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

La situación de déficit financiero que atravesaba la Monarquía y la mala administración del fisco regio hicieron necesario que desde el siglo XVI se pusieran en marcha visitas al Consejo de Hacienda. El objetivo de las mismas era evitar y corregir posibles fraudes cometidos por parte de los oficiales, introducir reformas para mejorar el sistema financiero, la gestión de la administración y la reducción de costes, todo ello con el fin último de incrementar los ingresos de la Real Hacienda. Los resultados de la visita que Lope de los Ríos realiza al Consejo de Hacienda entre 1664 a 1667 cuestionaron, por un lado las labores de “buen gobierno” por parte de algunos oficiales regios y la eficacia de las visitas anteriores, y por otro lado, muestran la existencia de relaciones interpersonales entre los hombres de negocios y asentistas, además de los conflictos suscitados por el Consejo de Hacienda al rechazar ser sometido al control del Consejo de Castilla. AbstractThe deficit situation that the Monarchy was going through and the bad administration of the Royal Treasury made it necessary to put a visit to the Finances Council into action since the XVIth century. The objective of this was to avoid and to correct tax evasions from officers; to introduce reforms improving the financial system, the administration management and the cost reduction; and with that, to increase profits to the Royal Treasury. The results of the Lope de los Ríos’ visit to the Finances Council between 1664 and 1667, on the one hand, question the duties of a “bad administration” by some royal officers and the efficacy of these visits in certain occasions and, on the other hand, show the existence of interpersonal relationships between the businessmen and the contractors, in addition to the conflicts raised by the Council of Finance to reject to be subjected to review by the Council of Castile.

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