scholarly journals STEREO VISION METHOD APPLICATION TO ROAD INSPECTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Staniek
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Stereo Images ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Inspection ◽  
Set Of Points

The paper presents the stereo vision method for the mapping of road pavement. The mapped road is a set of points in three-dimensional space. The proposed method of measurement and its implementation make it possible to generate a precise mapping of a road surface with a resolution of 1 mm in transverse, longitudinal and vertical dimensions. Such accurate mapping of the road is the effect of application of stereo images based on image processing technologies. The use of matching measure CoVar, at the stage of images matching, help eliminate corner detection and filter stereo images, maintaining the effectiveness of the algorithm mapping. The proper analysis of image-based data and application of mathematical transformations enable to determine many types of distresses such as potholes, patches, bleedings, cracks, ruts and roughness. The paper also aims at comparing the results of proposed solution and reference test-bench. The statistical analysis of the differences permits the judgment of error types.

scholarly journals The estimation of stereovision precision in road inspection

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Marcin Staniek
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Spatial Description ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Precise Evaluation ◽  
Road Inspection ◽  
Proper Analysis

The estimation of stereovision precision in road inspection was determined by the analysis of the distribution of differences between measurements: the stereo vision method and the method of direct measurement with the use of laser distance meter. The carried out analysis is aimed at verifying the type of mapping error of a road surface. The input data was obtained from 160 measurement sections which feature both a different type and a different condition of road pavement. The estimated method of road inspection is based on the stereo vision method of surface representation. Spatial representation of the road is obtained from the images recorded through taking stereo sequences of images by the measurement vehicle moving along the studied section of the road. The proper analysis of the image-based data and the application of mathematical transformations allow for determination of technical and functional parameters of the road. Spatial description allows for a precise evaluation of the state of a road pavement, which in traditional methods of image processing, without information about the depth, is difficult to be achieved and often burdened with errors of qualification of road distresses.

Symbol recognition system based on 3D stereo vision

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Linlin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Camera Calibration ◽  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Stereo Matching ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Symbol Recognition ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
Left And Right

With the continuous development of computer science and technology, symbol recognition systems may be converted from two-dimensional space to three-dimensional space. Therefore, this article mainly introduces the symbol recognition system based on 3D stereo vision. The three-dimensional image is taken by the visual coordinate measuring machine in two places on the left and right. Perform binocular stereo matching on the edge of the feature points of the two images. A corner detection algorithm combining SUSAN and Harris is used to detect the left and right camera calibration templates. The two-dimensional coordinate points of the object are determined by the image stereo matching module, and the three-dimensional discrete coordinate points of the object space can be obtained according to the transformation relationship between the image coordinates and the actual object coordinates. Then draw the three-dimensional model of the object through the three-dimensional drawing software. Experimental data shows that the logic resources and memory resources occupied by image preprocessing account for 30.4% and 27.4% of the entire system, respectively. The results show that the system can calibrate the internal and external parameters of the camera. In this way, the camera calibration result will be more accurate and the range will be wider. At the same time, it can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional modeling techniques to ensure the measurement accuracy of the detection system.

scholarly journals ANY FIVE POINTS LIE IN A 3-SPACE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zh. Nikoghosyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Entire Space ◽  
Unique Line ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Set Of Points ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

In axiomatic formulations, every two points lie in a (straight) line, every three points lie in a plane and every four points lie in a three-dimensional space (3-space). In this paper we show that every five points lie in a 3-space as well, implying that every set of points lie in a 3-space. In other words, the 3-space occupies the entire space. The proof is based on the following four axioms: 1) every two distinct points define a unique line, 2) every three distinct points, not lying on the line, define a unique plane, 3) if 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two distinct points in a 3-space, then the line defined by the points 𝐴, 𝐵, entirely lies in this 3-space, 4) if 𝐹1, 𝐹2, 𝐹3 are three distinct points in a 3-space, not lying in a line, then the plane defined by the points 𝐹1, 𝐹2, 𝐹3, lies entirely in this 3-space.

scholarly journals Road Pavement Information Modeling through Maintenance Scenario Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
C. Oreto ◽  
S. A. Biancardo ◽  
N. Viscione ◽  
R. Veropalumbo ◽  
F. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Scenario Evaluation ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Physical Features

Road maintenance operations involve the preservation of the optimal functionality of the pavement. Sometimes the rehabilitation of the pavement layout does not have long lasting effects due to a lack of compliance with the constraints imposed by the technical specifications for the design of materials. The purpose of this paper is to present an efficient BIM tool to help in road maintenance operations through the management of data arising from laboratory testing of road pavement bituminous materials required for the quality control of mixtures. The database associated to the BIM model is a collection of three years of data derived from laboratory investigation on bituminous mixtures’ samples adopted for the maintenance of four main roads located in southern Italy. An algorithm that interacts with the three-dimensional road model has been implemented in order to give road administrations an easy-to-read alert signal for the road pavement structure of the road network that may present the most critical conditions due to poor mechanical and physical features.

Parametric surfaces

1949 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Besicovitch
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Function ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Parametric Surface ◽  
Parametric Surfaces ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Circle ◽  
Variable Point ◽  
Set Of Points ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

We shall first give some definitions concerning parametric surfaces. Denote by H a closed circle (disk) and by M a variable point on it. Let P = Ф(M) be a continuous function on H whose value P is a point in three-dimensional space. The symbols Ф(E), Ф−1(P), where E is a set of points on H and P a point in the three-dimensional space, will have their usual meaning. Ф−1(P) is a closed set. Any saturated continuum in Ф−1(P) or any point of Ф−1(P) that does not belong to such continua is called a Ф-element of H. Thus to any continuous function Ф(M) corresponds a representation of H in the form of the sum σQ of Ф-elements. The set of the pairs (P, Q), where Q runs through all Ф-elements of H and, for any Q, P = Ф(Q), is called a parametric surface, and any pair (P, Q) is called a point of the parametric surface. We shall often speak of a point Ф(M) of the parametric surface, by which we shall mean either the point (P, Q), where P = Ф(M) and Q is the Ф-element containing M, or the point P = Ф(M) of the three-dimensional space. The exact meaning will always be clear from the context. If there are exactly k points of the parametric surface whose first member is P0 we say that P0 is a point of multiplicity k. If k = 1, P0 is a simple point.

scholarly journals RCT – a tool for continuous road pavement diagnostics

2019 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 05012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Staniek
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Linear Acceleration ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Pavement Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Pavement Monitoring ◽  
Infrastructure Maintenance

The paper addresses a road pavement diagnostics solution created as a sub-module of the S-mileSys platform developed as a part the S-mile project, implemented under the “Sustainable Logistic and Supply Chain” competition of the ERANET Transport III programme. The S-mileSys solution was conceived as a means to support transport companies and their clients in planning, organisation and delivery of freight transport related services, but also to support local authorities and road administration bodies in matters related to road infrastructure maintenance and traffic management within cities or agglomerations. In principle, as typical transfers are made in connection with freight transport, the process of continuous road pavement monitoring and assessment is performed in a manner which does not involve interference of either vehicle drivers or employees of transport companies or logistics centres. The measuring system’s operation is essentially based on identification of values of linear accelerations recorded while vehicles traverse the road network. ICT solutions are used to send characteristics describing the vehicle motion dynamics, determined by the road pavement condition, to the S-mileSys system’s server, where, based on analysis of linear acceleration signals in a three-dimensional description of space and by taking GPS positioning into consideration, the current road pavement condition is estimated.

scholarly journals VISIBILITY ANALYSIS OF HUGE OUTDOOR ADVERTISEMENTS ALONG GUADALUPE BRIDGE IN EDSA HIGHWAY FROM STRUCTURE-FROM-MOTION PHOTOGRAMMETRY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W16 ◽  
pp. 385-390
Author(s):  
M. N. Manansala ◽  
R. M. Ong ◽  
K. A. Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Product Placement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Outdoor Advertising ◽  
Visibility Analysis ◽  
Moving Vehicle ◽  
The Road ◽  
The People

Abstract. When it comes to business and marketing, huge outdoor advertising is considered as one of the best ways by contributing largely in disseminating information about a product, service or even raise awareness. With commuters or the people riding in a moving car as its target audience, the placement of advertising materials is very crucial since it should be visible and must deliver its message in a short span of time. This study tests the methodology of gathering data using action camera and DSLR mounted and situated on a moving vehicle, utilizing structure from motion techniques, to extract the geometry of the billboards from the point cloud generated from structure-from-motion as acquired from camera videos that would be used to represent these billboards in the three-dimensional space. These extracted geometries would be used for visibility analysis from a passenger’s point of view by assessing the percentage of visible content and logos of each billboard from each point of observation along the path of a moving vehicle. The results of this study are nine sets of mean percent visibilities and raster representations that show the mean percent visibility of the billboards as viewed from the road of interest. To assess product placement effectiveness of the billboards, visibility percentage of the product logos contained in the nine billboards was also obtained.

Three Dimensional structure and organization of diploid chromosomes by optical section microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 633-635
Author(s):  
David A. Agard ◽  
Yasushi Hiraoka ◽  
John W. Sedat
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Structures

In an effort to understand the complex relationship between structure and biological function within the nucleus, we have embarked on a program to examine the three-dimensional structure and organization of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic chromosomes. Our overall goal is to determine how DNA and proteins are organized into complex and highly dynamic structures (chromosomes) and how these chromosomes are arranged in three dimensional space within the cell nucleus. Futher, we hope to be able to correlate structual data with such fundamental biological properties as stage in the mitotic cell cycle, developmental state and transcription at specific gene loci.Towards this end, we have been developing methodologies for the three-dimensional analysis of non-crystalline biological specimens using optical and electron microscopy. We feel that the combination of these two complementary techniques allows an unprecedented look at the structural organization of cellular components ranging in size from 100A to 100 microns.

Diffraction contrast of dislocations in icosahedral quasicrystals

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
K. Urban ◽  
Z. Zhang ◽  
M. Wollgarten ◽  
D. Gratias
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Extinction Condition ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
Diffraction Contrast ◽  
Lattice Geometry ◽  
Reference Space ◽  
Icosahedral Quasicrystals ◽  
The One

Recently dislocations have been observed by electron microscopy in the icosahedral quasicrystalline (IQ) phase of Al65Cu20Fe15. These dislocations exhibit diffraction contrast similar to that known for dislocations in conventional crystals. The contrast becomes extinct for certain diffraction vectors g. In the following the basis of electron diffraction contrast of dislocations in the IQ phase is described. Taking account of the six-dimensional nature of the Burgers vector a “strong” and a “weak” extinction condition are found.Dislocations in quasicrystals canot be described on the basis of simple shear or insertion of a lattice plane only. In order to achieve a complete characterization of these dislocations it is advantageous to make use of the one to one correspondence of the lattice geometry in our three-dimensional space (R3) and that in the six-dimensional reference space (R6) where full periodicity is recovered . Therefore the contrast extinction condition has to be written as gpbp + gobo = 0 (1). The diffraction vector g and the Burgers vector b decompose into two vectors gp, bp and go, bo in, respectively, the physical and the orthogonal three-dimensional sub-spaces of R6.

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